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Table 3. Higher education R&D expenditures, by source of funds, R&D field, and survey population: FY 2018

(Dollars in thousands)

Source of funds and R&D field All institutions Survey population
Short form Standard form
All R&D expenditures 79,436,487 150,621 79,285,866
Federal government 42,018,100 73,018 41,945,082
State and local government 4,321,310 13,470 4,307,840
Institution funds 20,437,745 42,320 20,395,425
Institutionally financed research 13,310,300 36,896 13,273,404
Cost sharing 1,589,004 2,363 1,586,641
Unrecovered indirect costs 5,538,441 3,061 5,535,380
Business 4,723,888 5,165 4,718,723
Nonprofit organizations 5,452,474 13,279 5,439,195
All other sources 2,482,970 3,369 2,479,601
Science 62,407,007 113,441 62,293,566
Computer and information sciences 2,407,676 6,271 2,401,405
Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 3,171,781 10,141 3,161,640
Life sciences 45,899,964 56,419 45,843,545
Mathematics and statistics 757,719 4,522 753,197
Physical sciences 5,256,018 18,462 5,237,556
Psychology 1,267,419 4,730 1,262,689
Social sciences 2,755,708 9,143 2,746,565
Sciences, nec 890,722 3,753 886,969
Engineering 12,386,784 12,941 12,373,843
Non-S&E 4,642,696 24,239 4,618,457
nec = not elsewhere classified. S&E = science and engineering.
NOTE: Institutions are included in the short form population if they reported less than $1 million in total R&D expenditures during the previous fiscal year.
SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, National Science Foundation, Higher Education Research and Development Survey, FY 2018.