Data
Northwestern U.
Field | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All R&D fields | 1,000,695 | 913,178 | 874,671 | 857,069 | 805,672 | 751,809 | 713,491 | 656,167 | 645,333 | 639,781 | ||||||||||
Science | 880,452 | 807,366 | 770,529 | 747,194 | 694,796 | 639,540 | 600,524 | 549,644 | 534,429 | 530,054 | ||||||||||
Computer and information sciences | 10,117 | 8,957 | 8,441 | 3,035 | 2,512 | 2,530 | 2,197 | 40 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences | 1,443 | 1,342 | 1,351 | 1,547 | 1,627 | 1,821 | 1,655 | 1,924 | 1,990 | 1,624 | ||||||||||
Atmospheric science and meteorology | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Geological and earth sciences | 1,443 | 1,342 | 1,351 | 1,547 | 1,627 | 1,821 | 1,655 | 1,924 | 1,990 | 1,624 | ||||||||||
Ocean sciences and marine sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences, not elsewhere classified | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Life sciences | 721,230 | 659,195 | 619,270 | 604,875 | 555,160 | 515,893 | 481,869 | 451,943 | 436,439 | 432,467 | ||||||||||
Agricultural sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Biological and biomedical sciences | 189,086 | 166,594 | 153,629 | 141,523 | 128,409 | 130,422 | 122,935 | 100,231 | 95,577 | 96,980 | ||||||||||
Health sciences | 514,642 | 474,272 | 451,059 | 446,421 | 406,467 | 370,779 | 346,275 | 327,972 | 320,206 | 317,945 | ||||||||||
Natural resources and conservation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2,242 | 2,868 | 1,823 | 1,234 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Life sciences, not elsewhere classified | 17,502 | 18,329 | 14,582 | 14,689 | 17,416 | 12,869 | 11,425 | 23,740 | 20,656 | 17,542 | ||||||||||
Mathematics and statistics | 2,215 | 1,490 | 2,275 | 2,461 | 2,869 | 2,461 | 2,293 | 2,228 | 2,096 | 2,648 | ||||||||||
Physical sciences | 90,194 | 83,618 | 78,168 | 82,072 | 82,409 | 71,743 | 67,071 | 43,551 | 42,499 | 46,695 | ||||||||||
Astronomy and astrophysics | 6,681 | 6,676 | 6,604 | 5,274 | 4,566 | 3,438 | 2,564 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Chemistry | 40,697 | 36,484 | 35,130 | 40,651 | 39,150 | 38,954 | 39,855 | 34,334 | 33,303 | 35,547 | ||||||||||
Materials science | 18,052 | 16,535 | 16,418 | 13,853 | 18,211 | 15,094 | 12,620 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Physics | 19,886 | 19,296 | 15,418 | 17,918 | 18,337 | 12,441 | 10,125 | 7,521 | 6,978 | 9,052 | ||||||||||
Physical sciences, not elsewhere classified | 4,878 | 4,627 | 4,598 | 4,376 | 2,145 | 1,816 | 1,907 | 1,696 | 2,218 | 2,096 | ||||||||||
Psychology | 4,231 | 3,352 | 3,706 | 4,157 | 3,923 | 4,177 | 4,667 | 3,602 | 4,264 | 4,461 | ||||||||||
Social sciences | 24,515 | 21,988 | 18,762 | 16,211 | 15,007 | 16,447 | 16,924 | 19,787 | 18,806 | 16,386 | ||||||||||
Anthropology | 951 | 553 | 1,106 | 963 | 822 | 842 | 820 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Economics | 8,819 | 6,455 | 3,721 | 1,556 | 1,819 | 1,548 | 2,015 | 1,797 | 1,563 | 1,778 | ||||||||||
Political science and government | 641 | 584 | 758 | 801 | 918 | 847 | 502 | 14,427 | 14,311 | 12,157 | ||||||||||
Sociology, demography, and population studies | 275 | 249 | 443 | 523 | 607 | 688 | 551 | 1,842 | 1,731 | 900 | ||||||||||
Social sciences, not elsewhere classified | 13,829 | 14,147 | 12,734 | 12,368 | 10,841 | 12,522 | 13,036 | 1,721 | 1,201 | 1,551 | ||||||||||
Sciences, not elsewhere classified | 26,507 | 27,424 | 38,556 | 32,836 | 31,289 | 24,468 | 23,848 | 26,569 | 28,335 | 25,773 | ||||||||||
Engineering | 88,008 | 80,735 | 77,150 | 80,413 | 81,662 | 84,520 | 84,243 | 77,676 | 87,075 | 81,955 | ||||||||||
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Bioengineering and biomedical engineering | 17,376 | 14,826 | 14,678 | 11,844 | 15,052 | 14,133 | 12,628 | 12,994 | 12,703 | 9,983 | ||||||||||
Chemical engineering | 13,889 | 15,296 | 14,434 | 15,264 | 10,304 | 9,541 | 7,077 | 8,924 | 13,746 | 13,472 | ||||||||||
Civil engineering | 6,071 | 4,883 | 5,619 | 4,211 | 5,536 | 5,034 | 5,247 | 4,459 | 3,635 | 3,289 | ||||||||||
Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering | 8,475 | 8,204 | 7,501 | 12,630 | 12,339 | 11,654 | 12,742 | 7,213 | 6,866 | 8,096 | ||||||||||
Industrial and manufacturing engineering | 4,615 | 3,995 | 3,948 | 3,530 | 3,380 | 3,347 | 2,983 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Mechanical engineering | 7,448 | 6,274 | 6,525 | 6,845 | 7,181 | 9,458 | 10,923 | 9,463 | 8,866 | 8,942 | ||||||||||
Metallurgical and materials engineering | 16,229 | 16,709 | 15,415 | 16,820 | 17,293 | 21,207 | 17,752 | 18,397 | 21,738 | 21,178 | ||||||||||
Engineering not elsewhere classified | 13,905 | 10,548 | 9,030 | 9,269 | 10,577 | 10,146 | 14,891 | 16,226 | 19,521 | 16,995 | ||||||||||
Non-S&E | 32,235 | 25,077 | 26,992 | 29,462 | 29,214 | 27,749 | 28,724 | 28,847 | 23,829 | 27,772 | ||||||||||
Business management and business administration | 15,461 | 10,181 | 11,847 | 11,085 | 8,845 | 5,791 | 6,115 | 8,415 | 6,501 | 7,899 | ||||||||||
Communication and communications technologies | 3,090 | 3,019 | 3,298 | 3,575 | 4,673 | 5,574 | 7,195 | 6,677 | 4,787 | 4,079 | ||||||||||
Education | 8,171 | 7,353 | 6,237 | 8,202 | 9,087 | 10,078 | 9,650 | 7,363 | 6,334 | 7,481 | ||||||||||
Humanities | 3,470 | 2,970 | 3,986 | 4,475 | 4,172 | 3,673 | 3,166 | 1,776 | 1,442 | 2,598 | ||||||||||
Law | 1,216 | 1,108 | 993 | 1,260 | 1,300 | 1,317 | 1,492 | 1,486 | 1,847 | 2,234 | ||||||||||
Social work | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Visual and performing arts | 827 | 446 | 631 | 865 | 1,135 | 1,098 | 1,104 | 969 | 848 | 1,062 | ||||||||||
Non-S&E, not elsewhere classified | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 218 | 2 | 2,161 | 2,070 | 2,419 |
NOTES:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
- Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.
SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey