Rankings
| Data year |
Earned doctorates |
Full-time graduate students |
Total federal obligations |
Total R&D expenditures |
| Rank |
Percentile |
Institutions ranked |
Rank |
Percentile |
Institutions ranked |
Rank |
Percentile |
Institutions ranked |
Rank |
Percentile |
Institutions ranked |
| 2017 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
216 |
24.6 |
902 |
| 2016 |
322 |
74.9 |
431 |
282 |
41.2 |
693 |
211 |
22 |
992 |
203 |
23.3 |
896 |
| 2015 |
305 |
71.5 |
428 |
307 |
45 |
690 |
193 |
19.8 |
1,010 |
200 |
23 |
898 |
| 2014 |
283 |
67 |
424 |
296 |
43.7 |
685 |
203 |
21.1 |
997 |
199 |
23.1 |
888 |
| 2013 |
273 |
65.4 |
419 |
295 |
53.5 |
555 |
203 |
21.2 |
993 |
197 |
23 |
885 |
| 2012 |
293 |
70.8 |
415 |
289 |
52.5 |
555 |
208 |
20.2 |
1,069 |
197 |
22.8 |
893 |
| 2011 |
283 |
69.6 |
408 |
255 |
46.6 |
553 |
215 |
19.8 |
1,128 |
196 |
22.2 |
911 |
| 2010 |
332 |
80.3 |
414 |
256 |
46 |
562 |
195 |
16.9 |
1,212 |
186 |
25.7 |
742 |
| 2009 |
319 |
76.3 |
419 |
237 |
42.4 |
565 |
181 |
16.1 |
1,178 |
235 |
33.8 |
708 |
| 2008 |
336 |
80.5 |
418 |
235 |
42 |
566 |
183 |
16.7 |
1,146 |
232 |
34.2 |
690 |
| 2007 |
250 |
61.1 |
411 |
255 |
45.4 |
567 |
210 |
18.1 |
1,213 |
|
|
|
| 2006 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NOTES:
Data
Number of earned doctorates, by major field of study of recipients: 2016–07
| Fields |
2016 |
2015 |
2014 |
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
2010 |
2009 |
2008 |
2007 |
| All fields |
14 |
15 |
21 |
21 |
16 |
18 |
9 |
14 |
9 |
28 |
| Science and engineering |
9 |
10 |
17 |
14 |
11 |
15 |
4 |
9 |
9 |
18 |
| Science |
7 |
9 |
17 |
12 |
11 |
11 |
2 |
4 |
5 |
14 |
| Life science |
6 |
4 |
10 |
12 |
8 |
9 |
2 |
3 |
3 |
8 |
| Agricultural sciences |
2 |
. |
1 |
8 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
. |
3 |
2 |
| Biological sciences |
1 |
3 |
5 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
. |
1 |
. |
3 |
| Health |
3 |
1 |
4 |
2 |
3 |
5 |
. |
2 |
. |
3 |
| Physical sciences and earth sciences |
1 |
4 |
7 |
. |
2 |
2 |
. |
1 |
2 |
6 |
| Chemistry |
. |
. |
3 |
. |
. |
1 |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences |
. |
1 |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
1 |
. |
1 |
| Physics and astronomy |
1 |
3 |
4 |
. |
2 |
1 |
. |
. |
2 |
5 |
| Psychology and social sciences |
. |
1 |
. |
. |
1 |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Political science and government |
. |
. |
. |
. |
1 |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Other social sciences |
. |
1 |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Engineering |
2 |
1 |
. |
2 |
. |
4 |
2 |
5 |
4 |
4 |
| Chemical engineering |
. |
. |
. |
1 |
. |
1 |
. |
. |
. |
1 |
| Civil engineering |
. |
1 |
. |
1 |
. |
. |
. |
2 |
. |
. |
| Electrical engineering |
1 |
. |
. |
. |
. |
1 |
2 |
1 |
. |
1 |
| Industrial engineering |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
3 |
2 |
| Materials/metallurgical engineering |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
1 |
1 |
. |
| Mechanical engineering |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
2 |
. |
1 |
. |
. |
| Other engineering |
1 |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Non-science and engineering |
5 |
5 |
4 |
7 |
5 |
3 |
5 |
5 |
. |
10 |
| Education |
5 |
5 |
4 |
7 |
5 |
3 |
5 |
5 |
. |
10 |
| Education administration |
5 |
5 |
3 |
7 |
5 |
3 |
5 |
5 |
. |
10 |
| Education research |
. |
. |
1 |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
Federal obligations for science and engineering, by agency: 2016–07
(Dollars in thousands)
| Agency |
2016 |
2015 |
2014 |
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
2010 |
2009 |
2008 |
2007 |
| All agencies |
. |
19,495 |
17,421 |
16,505 |
15,431 |
15,809 |
23,709 |
27,570 |
20,481 |
14,855 |
| Departments |
. |
16,166 |
16,285 |
14,705 |
11,492 |
14,516 |
19,924 |
21,720 |
15,999 |
12,811 |
| Department of Agriculture |
. |
4,308 |
6,098 |
5,338 |
3,830 |
6,236 |
8,588 |
7,384 |
5,717 |
5,633 |
| Department of Commerce |
. |
. |
9 |
9 |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Department of Defense |
. |
334 |
532 |
1,945 |
775 |
2,947 |
3,717 |
4,692 |
3,831 |
3,112 |
| Department of Education |
. |
351 |
344 |
354 |
200 |
396 |
596 |
702 |
505 |
397 |
| Department of Energy |
. |
4,224 |
2,173 |
968 |
920 |
462 |
1,172 |
1,549 |
605 |
463 |
| Department of Health and Human Services |
. |
6,948 |
7,129 |
6,091 |
5,768 |
4,475 |
5,602 |
7,393 |
5,341 |
3,206 |
| Department of Homeland Security |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
249 |
. |
. |
. |
| Department of Housing and Urban Development |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Department of the Interior |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Department of Labor |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Department of Transportation |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Other agencies |
. |
3,329 |
1,136 |
1,799 |
3,939 |
1,292 |
3,785 |
5,850 |
4,482 |
2,044 |
| Agency for International Development |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Appalachian Regional Commission |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Environmental Protection Agency |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| National Aeronautics and Space Administration |
. |
. |
. |
50 |
43 |
97 |
. |
346 |
. |
. |
| National Science Foundation |
. |
3,209 |
1,136 |
1,749 |
3,896 |
1,195 |
3,785 |
5,504 |
4,482 |
2,044 |
| Nuclear Regulatory Commission |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Office of Justice Programs |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Social Security Administration |
. |
120 |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
Federal obligations for science and engineering, by agency and type of activity: 2016
(Dollars in thousands)
Federal obligations for science and engineering, by type of activity: 2016–07
(Dollars in thousands)
| Type of activity |
2016 |
2015 |
2014 |
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
2010 |
2009 |
2008 |
2007 |
| All federal obligations |
. |
19,495 |
17,421 |
16,545 |
15,431 |
15,859 |
23,709 |
27,570 |
20,481 |
15,055 |
| Research and development |
. |
13,104 |
11,692 |
10,478 |
7,433 |
8,723 |
13,696 |
16,493 |
12,227 |
9,574 |
| R&D plant |
. |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Facilities for instruction in S&E |
. |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Fellowships, traineeships, and training grants |
. |
4,498 |
2,942 |
1,657 |
1,825 |
1,899 |
4,034 |
3,790 |
2,936 |
842 |
| General support for S&E |
. |
23 |
0 |
51 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
510 |
963 |
| Other S&E activities |
. |
1,870 |
2,788 |
4,359 |
6,173 |
5,237 |
5,979 |
7,287 |
4,808 |
3,676 |
Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2016–07
| Selected characteristics |
2016 |
2015 |
2014 |
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
2010 |
2009 |
2008 |
2007 |
| All full-time students |
364 |
308 |
307 |
303 |
307 |
390 |
411 |
463 |
489 |
418 |
| Not Available |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Male |
144 |
121 |
118 |
121 |
119 |
159 |
169 |
198 |
174 |
173 |
| Female |
220 |
187 |
189 |
182 |
188 |
231 |
242 |
265 |
315 |
245 |
| First-year full-time |
150 |
95 |
110 |
104 |
92 |
140 |
126 |
145 |
184 |
119 |
| U.S. citizens and permanent residents |
323 |
271 |
278 |
275 |
268 |
346 |
353 |
411 |
447 |
395 |
| Hispanic or Latino |
7 |
3 |
2 |
4 |
6 |
6 |
7 |
3 |
8 |
10 |
| Not Hispanic or Latino |
316 |
268 |
276 |
271 |
262 |
340 |
345 |
399 |
439 |
384 |
| American Indian or Alaska Native |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
| Asian |
5 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
7 |
2 |
4 |
6 |
9 |
7 |
| Black or African American |
304 |
257 |
266 |
260 |
231 |
301 |
299 |
351 |
375 |
327 |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
| White |
7 |
7 |
6 |
7 |
20 |
36 |
39 |
40 |
52 |
47 |
| More than one race |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
| Unknown ethnicity and race |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
9 |
0 |
1 |
| Temporary visa holders |
41 |
37 |
29 |
28 |
39 |
44 |
58 |
52 |
42 |
23 |
| Science and engineering |
221 |
177 |
199 |
207 |
214 |
284 |
318 |
340 |
260 |
221 |
| Science |
147 |
111 |
134 |
152 |
158 |
200 |
230 |
249 |
183 |
149 |
| Agricultural sciences |
30 |
36 |
42 |
36 |
39 |
48 |
52 |
39 |
34 |
33 |
| Biological sciences |
8 |
7 |
14 |
12 |
17 |
18 |
21 |
16 |
23 |
13 |
| Communication |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Computer sciences |
5 |
2 |
5 |
7 |
11 |
24 |
16 |
19 |
12 |
11 |
| Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Family and consumer sciences and human sciences |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Mathematics and statistics |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary studies |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Neurobiology and neuroscience |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Physical sciences |
23 |
15 |
9 |
13 |
18 |
22 |
27 |
38 |
32 |
23 |
| Psychology |
32 |
22 |
26 |
31 |
22 |
26 |
31 |
18 |
31 |
25 |
| Social sciences |
49 |
29 |
38 |
53 |
51 |
62 |
83 |
119 |
51 |
44 |
| Engineering |
74 |
66 |
65 |
55 |
56 |
84 |
88 |
91 |
77 |
72 |
| Chemical engineering |
5 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
| Civil engineering |
13 |
6 |
6 |
8 |
9 |
11 |
64 |
70 |
60 |
46 |
| Electrical engineering |
10 |
7 |
7 |
7 |
5 |
6 |
8 |
6 |
4 |
9 |
| Industrial engineering |
10 |
7 |
. |
3 |
2 |
3 |
6 |
4 |
7 |
6 |
| Mechanical engineering |
7 |
7 |
6 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
6 |
9 |
6 |
9 |
| Metallurgical and materials engineering |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Other engineering |
29 |
35 |
44 |
32 |
34 |
57 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
| Health |
143 |
131 |
108 |
96 |
93 |
106 |
93 |
123 |
229 |
197 |
Part-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2016–07
| Selected characteristics |
2016 |
2015 |
2014 |
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
2010 |
2009 |
2008 |
2007 |
| All part-time students |
84 |
111 |
94 |
96 |
119 |
93 |
82 |
67 |
63 |
78 |
| Not Available |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Male |
39 |
45 |
37 |
32 |
30 |
29 |
24 |
26 |
38 |
28 |
| Female |
45 |
66 |
57 |
64 |
89 |
64 |
58 |
41 |
25 |
50 |
| U.S. citizens and permanent residents |
81 |
98 |
278 |
87 |
112 |
88 |
80 |
58 |
52 |
72 |
| Hispanic or Latino |
1 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
0 |
3 |
1 |
4 |
1 |
| Not Hispanic or Latino |
80 |
97 |
276 |
85 |
110 |
88 |
77 |
57 |
48 |
71 |
| American Indian or Alaska Native |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
| Asian |
0 |
1 |
3 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
2 |
| Black or African American |
76 |
83 |
266 |
82 |
108 |
83 |
72 |
55 |
41 |
62 |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander |
0 |
12 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
| White |
3 |
0 |
6 |
1 |
2 |
5 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
7 |
| More than one race |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Unknown ethnicity and race |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Temporary visa holders |
3 |
13 |
29 |
9 |
7 |
5 |
2 |
9 |
11 |
6 |
| Science and engineering |
59 |
95 |
71 |
66 |
85 |
65 |
68 |
67 |
60 |
63 |
| Science |
51 |
78 |
64 |
60 |
79 |
59 |
64 |
56 |
44 |
61 |
| Agricultural sciences |
19 |
13 |
8 |
11 |
16 |
6 |
7 |
13 |
19 |
14 |
| Biological sciences |
3 |
4 |
1 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
| Communication |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Computer sciences |
7 |
10 |
10 |
9 |
13 |
11 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
6 |
| Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Family and consumer sciences and human sciences |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Mathematics and statistics |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary studies |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Neurobiology and neuroscience |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Physical sciences |
4 |
2 |
3 |
0 |
2 |
3 |
8 |
4 |
14 |
7 |
| Psychology |
3 |
12 |
3 |
4 |
6 |
7 |
11 |
14 |
8 |
2 |
| Social sciences |
15 |
37 |
39 |
32 |
40 |
31 |
35 |
23 |
1 |
30 |
| Engineering |
8 |
17 |
7 |
6 |
6 |
6 |
4 |
11 |
16 |
2 |
| Chemical engineering |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
| Civil engineering |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
4 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
| Electrical engineering |
2 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
4 |
3 |
0 |
| Industrial engineering |
0 |
0 |
. |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
3 |
7 |
0 |
| Mechanical engineering |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
4 |
0 |
| Metallurgical and materials engineering |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Other engineering |
6 |
12 |
6 |
5 |
2 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Health |
25 |
16 |
23 |
30 |
34 |
28 |
14 |
0 |
3 |
15 |
Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health receiving primary support from federal sources, by field: 2016–07
| Field |
2016 |
2015 |
2014 |
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
2010 |
2009 |
2008 |
2007 |
| All surveyed fields |
2 |
23 |
39 |
124 |
141 |
183 |
158 |
137 |
202 |
151 |
| Science and engineering |
0 |
13 |
34 |
76 |
91 |
126 |
124 |
103 |
118 |
80 |
| Science |
0 |
12 |
22 |
59 |
74 |
109 |
110 |
86 |
86 |
61 |
| Agricultural sciences |
0 |
12 |
19 |
16 |
16 |
34 |
43 |
32 |
24 |
23 |
| Biological sciences |
0 |
0 |
0 |
11 |
17 |
18 |
21 |
16 |
23 |
12 |
| Communication |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Computer sciences |
0 |
0 |
3 |
7 |
11 |
17 |
9 |
17 |
8 |
5 |
| Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Family and consumer sciences and human sciences |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Mathematics and statistics |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary studies |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Neurobiology and neuroscience |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Physical sciences |
0 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
10 |
17 |
24 |
21 |
31 |
21 |
| Psychology |
0 |
0 |
0 |
20 |
20 |
23 |
13 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Social sciences |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Engineering |
0 |
1 |
12 |
17 |
17 |
17 |
14 |
17 |
32 |
19 |
| Chemical engineering |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
| Civil engineering |
0 |
0 |
4 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
1 |
17 |
1 |
| Electrical engineering |
0 |
0 |
4 |
4 |
3 |
4 |
3 |
6 |
4 |
4 |
| Industrial engineering |
0 |
0 |
. |
0 |
0 |
2 |
1 |
4 |
5 |
4 |
| Mechanical engineering |
0 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
4 |
4 |
6 |
9 |
| Metallurgical and materials engineering |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Other engineering |
0 |
0 |
3 |
4 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
| Health |
2 |
10 |
5 |
48 |
50 |
57 |
34 |
34 |
84 |
71 |
Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by type and primary source of support: 2016–07
| Type and primary source of support |
2016 |
2015 |
2014 |
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
2010 |
2009 |
2008 |
2007 |
| All types and sources of support |
364 |
308 |
307 |
303 |
307 |
390 |
411 |
463 |
489 |
418 |
| Fellowships |
54 |
50 |
18 |
47 |
45 |
41 |
25 |
50 |
96 |
77 |
| Federal |
2 |
11 |
3 |
8 |
9 |
8 |
17 |
16 |
41 |
46 |
| Nonfederal |
0 |
6 |
0 |
2 |
2 |
0 |
2 |
3 |
9 |
3 |
| Institutional |
52 |
33 |
15 |
37 |
34 |
33 |
6 |
31 |
46 |
28 |
| Research assistantships |
6 |
47 |
46 |
95 |
107 |
128 |
126 |
143 |
151 |
92 |
| Federal |
0 |
12 |
24 |
74 |
82 |
111 |
96 |
100 |
108 |
58 |
| Nonfederal |
0 |
0 |
0 |
6 |
6 |
2 |
3 |
1 |
3 |
0 |
| Institutional |
6 |
35 |
22 |
15 |
19 |
15 |
27 |
42 |
40 |
34 |
| Teaching assistantships |
0 |
1 |
6 |
40 |
48 |
25 |
53 |
29 |
32 |
62 |
| Federal |
0 |
0 |
4 |
8 |
15 |
16 |
27 |
17 |
17 |
21 |
| Nonfederal |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Institutional |
0 |
1 |
2 |
32 |
33 |
9 |
26 |
12 |
15 |
41 |
| Other types of support |
304 |
210 |
237 |
121 |
107 |
196 |
207 |
241 |
210 |
187 |
| Federal |
0 |
0 |
8 |
34 |
35 |
48 |
18 |
4 |
36 |
26 |
| Nonfederal |
5 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
2 |
5 |
28 |
1 |
| Institutional |
59 |
45 |
62 |
44 |
35 |
51 |
90 |
125 |
100 |
92 |
| Self-support |
240 |
165 |
167 |
40 |
34 |
96 |
97 |
107 |
46 |
68 |
Postdoctorates in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2016–07
| Selected characteristics |
2016 |
2015 |
2014 |
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
2010 |
2009 |
2008 |
2007 |
| All postdoctorates |
15 |
19 |
18 |
21 |
20 |
20 |
16 |
11 |
1 |
0 |
| Not Available |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Male |
10 |
14 |
14 |
17 |
15 |
14 |
11 |
9 |
1 |
0 |
| Female |
5 |
5 |
4 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
5 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
| U.S. citizens and permanent residents |
10 |
6 |
7 |
9 |
6 |
7 |
4 |
. |
. |
. |
| Temporary visa holders |
5 |
13 |
11 |
12 |
14 |
13 |
12 |
11 |
1 |
0 |
| Science and engineering |
2 |
2 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
6 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
| Science |
2 |
2 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
6 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
| Agricultural sciences |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
| Biological sciences |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Communication |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Computer sciences |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Family and consumer sciences and human sciences |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Mathematics and statistics |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary studies |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Neurobiology and neuroscience |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Physical sciences |
0 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
| Psychology |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Social sciences |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Engineering |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Chemical engineering |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Civil engineering |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Electrical engineering |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Industrial engineering |
0 |
0 |
. |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Mechanical engineering |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Metallurgical and materials engineering |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Other engineering |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Health |
13 |
17 |
14 |
17 |
16 |
14 |
13 |
9 |
0 |
0 |
Federally supported science, engineering, and health postdoctorates, by field: 2016–07
| Field |
2016 |
2015 |
2014 |
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
2010 |
2009 |
2008 |
2007 |
| All surveyed fields |
15 |
19 |
17 |
20 |
17 |
20 |
16 |
33 |
3 |
0 |
| Science and engineering |
2 |
2 |
3 |
3 |
4 |
6 |
3 |
22 |
3 |
0 |
| Science |
2 |
2 |
3 |
3 |
4 |
6 |
3 |
22 |
3 |
0 |
| Agricultural sciences |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
10 |
0 |
0 |
| Biological sciences |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
7 |
1 |
0 |
| Communication |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Computer sciences |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Family and consumer sciences and human sciences |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Mathematics and statistics |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary studies |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Neurobiology and neuroscience |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Physical sciences |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
3 |
4 |
1 |
5 |
2 |
0 |
| Psychology |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Social sciences |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Engineering |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Chemical engineering |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Civil engineering |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Electrical engineering |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Industrial engineering |
0 |
0 |
. |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Mechanical engineering |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Metallurgical and materials engineering |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
| Other engineering |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Health |
13 |
17 |
14 |
17 |
13 |
14 |
13 |
11 |
0 |
0 |
Total R&D expenditures, by field: 2017–08
(Dollars in thousands)
| Field |
2017 |
|
2016 |
|
2015 |
|
2014 |
|
2013 |
|
2012 |
|
2011 |
|
2010 |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
| All R&D fields |
37,578 |
|
45,390 |
|
46,522 |
|
46,367 |
|
51,149 |
|
52,263 |
|
53,326 |
|
53,474 |
|
27,018 |
|
25,515 |
|
| Science |
30,539 |
|
30,266 |
|
28,817 |
|
27,486 |
|
31,476 |
|
28,955 |
|
31,162 |
|
27,374 |
|
21,986 |
|
20,665 |
|
| Computer and information sciences |
594 |
|
133 |
|
600 |
|
830 |
|
1,444 |
|
932 |
|
2,235 |
|
960 |
|
232 |
|
263 |
|
| Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences |
2,942 |
|
3,080 |
|
3,288 |
|
3,394 |
|
3,899 |
|
3,771 |
|
3,237 |
|
2,952 |
|
2,385 |
|
2,836 |
|
| Atmospheric science and meteorology |
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
11 |
|
0 |
|
1,882 |
|
0 |
|
| Geological and earth sciences |
426 |
|
0 |
|
62 |
|
248 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Ocean sciences and marine sciences |
2,516 |
|
3,007 |
|
3,206 |
|
3,075 |
|
3,567 |
|
3,361 |
|
2,809 |
|
2,952 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences, nec |
0 |
|
73 |
|
20 |
|
71 |
|
332 |
|
410 |
|
417 |
|
0 |
|
503 |
|
2,836 |
|
| Life sciences |
21,747 |
|
21,178 |
|
20,497 |
|
18,736 |
|
21,846 |
|
18,299 |
|
18,104 |
|
19,112 |
|
16,595 |
|
15,156 |
|
| Agricultural sciences |
12,736 |
|
10,755 |
|
10,152 |
|
9,777 |
|
13,280 |
|
10,437 |
|
8,290 |
|
10,515 |
|
8,528 |
|
6,464 |
|
| Biological and biomedical sciences |
123 |
|
115 |
|
67 |
|
65 |
|
161 |
|
247 |
|
1,794 |
|
274 |
|
1,087 |
|
811 |
|
| Health sciences |
8,888 |
|
9,665 |
|
9,443 |
|
8,193 |
|
7,575 |
|
6,818 |
|
4,757 |
|
8,323 |
|
6,980 |
|
7,881 |
|
| Natural resources and conservation |
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
. |
|
. |
|
| Life sciences, nec |
0 |
|
643 |
|
835 |
|
701 |
|
830 |
|
797 |
|
3,263 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Mathematics and statistics |
68 |
|
39 |
|
101 |
|
103 |
|
108 |
|
171 |
|
435 |
|
128 |
|
90 |
|
196 |
|
| Physical sciences |
3,501 |
|
2,638 |
|
834 |
|
1,019 |
|
2,651 |
|
4,118 |
|
4,465 |
|
3,955 |
|
2,492 |
|
2,115 |
|
| Astronomy and astrophysics |
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Chemistry |
5 |
|
483 |
|
0 |
|
143 |
|
1,039 |
|
1,168 |
|
516 |
|
310 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Materials science |
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
. |
|
. |
|
| Physics |
3,496 |
|
2,150 |
|
834 |
|
876 |
|
1,612 |
|
2,950 |
|
3,926 |
|
3,645 |
|
2,492 |
|
2,115 |
|
| Physical sciences, nec |
0 |
|
5 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
23 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Psychology |
491 |
|
399 |
|
175 |
|
81 |
|
107 |
|
49 |
|
13 |
|
0 |
|
97 |
|
99 |
|
| Social sciences |
38 |
|
9 |
|
266 |
|
783 |
|
578 |
|
745 |
|
1,460 |
|
83 |
|
3 |
|
0 |
|
| Anthropology |
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
. |
|
. |
|
| Economics |
8 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Political science and government |
3 |
|
3 |
|
266 |
|
555 |
|
558 |
|
667 |
|
745 |
|
39 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Sociology, demography, and population studies |
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
78 |
|
487 |
|
44 |
|
3 |
|
0 |
|
| Social sciences, nec |
27 |
|
6 |
|
0 |
|
228 |
|
20 |
|
0 |
|
228 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Sciences, nec |
1,158 |
|
2,790 |
|
3,056 |
|
2,540 |
|
843 |
|
870 |
|
1,213 |
|
184 |
|
92 |
|
0 |
|
| Engineering |
2,485 |
|
2,590 |
|
2,859 |
|
2,409 |
|
2,062 |
|
2,420 |
|
2,557 |
|
2,908 |
|
3,665 |
|
3,347 |
|
| Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering |
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Bioengineering and biomedical engineering |
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Chemical engineering |
521 |
|
220 |
|
495 |
|
416 |
|
42 |
|
22 |
|
52 |
|
172 |
|
162 |
|
103 |
|
| Civil engineering |
696 |
|
567 |
|
431 |
|
156 |
|
141 |
|
136 |
|
493 |
|
293 |
|
704 |
|
147 |
|
| Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering |
198 |
|
301 |
|
329 |
|
254 |
|
670 |
|
188 |
|
231 |
|
306 |
|
340 |
|
270 |
|
| Industrial and manufacturing engineering |
229 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
. |
|
. |
|
| Mechanical engineering |
274 |
|
462 |
|
465 |
|
527 |
|
308 |
|
818 |
|
859 |
|
1,149 |
|
1,105 |
|
1,595 |
|
| Metallurgical and materials engineering |
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Engineering, nec |
567 |
|
1,040 |
|
1,139 |
|
1,056 |
|
901 |
|
1,256 |
|
922 |
|
988 |
|
1,354 |
|
1,232 |
|
| Non-S&E |
4,554 |
|
12,534 |
|
14,846 |
|
16,472 |
|
17,611 |
|
20,888 |
|
19,607 |
|
23,192 |
|
1,367 |
|
1,503 |
|
| Business management and business administration |
764 |
|
796 |
|
1,094 |
|
511 |
|
986 |
|
641 |
|
0 |
|
7 |
|
119 |
|
0 |
|
| Communication and communications technologies |
0 |
|
1,212 |
|
1,813 |
|
2,788 |
|
2,563 |
|
1,406 |
|
7 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Education |
1,292 |
|
1,802 |
|
1,588 |
|
1,782 |
|
1,291 |
|
2,055 |
|
13,521 |
|
987 |
|
1,248 |
|
1,452 |
|
| Humanities |
41 |
|
4 |
|
15 |
|
12 |
|
129 |
|
154 |
|
409 |
|
2,098 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Law |
0 |
|
277 |
|
265 |
|
397 |
|
248 |
|
214 |
|
251 |
|
14 |
|
0 |
|
51 |
|
| Social work |
22 |
|
100 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
133 |
|
116 |
|
61 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Visual and performing arts |
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Non-S&E, nec |
2,435 |
|
8,343 |
|
10,071 |
|
10,982 |
|
12,394 |
|
16,285 |
|
5,303 |
|
20,025 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
Total R&D expenditures, by source of funds and R&D field: 2017
(Dollars in thousands)
| Field |
All R&D expenditures |
|
Federal government |
|
State and local government |
|
Institution funds |
|
Business |
|
Nonprofit organizations |
|
All other sources |
|
| All R&D fields |
37,578 |
|
30,383 |
|
1,267 |
|
4,957 |
|
724 |
|
247 |
|
0 |
|
| Science |
30,539 |
|
25,782 |
|
569 |
|
3,590 |
|
549 |
|
49 |
|
0 |
|
| Computer and information sciences |
594 |
|
573 |
|
13 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
8 |
|
0 |
|
| Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences |
2,942 |
|
2,766 |
|
0 |
|
176 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Atmospheric science and meteorology |
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Geological and earth sciences |
426 |
|
426 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Ocean sciences and marine sciences |
2,516 |
|
2,340 |
|
0 |
|
176 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences, nec |
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Life sciences |
21,747 |
|
17,628 |
|
556 |
|
3,121 |
|
433 |
|
9 |
|
0 |
|
| Agricultural sciences |
12,736 |
|
10,081 |
|
66 |
|
2,532 |
|
54 |
|
3 |
|
0 |
|
| Biological and biomedical sciences |
123 |
|
56 |
|
25 |
|
42 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Health sciences |
8,888 |
|
7,491 |
|
465 |
|
547 |
|
379 |
|
6 |
|
0 |
|
| Natural resources and conservation |
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Life sciences, nec |
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Mathematics and statistics |
68 |
|
68 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Physical sciences |
3,501 |
|
3,244 |
|
0 |
|
141 |
|
116 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Astronomy and astrophysics |
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Chemistry |
5 |
|
5 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Materials science |
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Physics |
3,496 |
|
3,239 |
|
0 |
|
141 |
|
116 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Physical sciences, nec |
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Psychology |
491 |
|
430 |
|
0 |
|
61 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Social sciences |
38 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
9 |
|
0 |
|
29 |
|
0 |
|
| Anthropology |
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Economics |
8 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
8 |
|
0 |
|
| Political science and government |
3 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
3 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Sociology, demography, and population studies |
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Social sciences, nec |
27 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
6 |
|
0 |
|
21 |
|
0 |
|
| Sciences, nec |
1,158 |
|
1,073 |
|
0 |
|
82 |
|
0 |
|
3 |
|
0 |
|
| Engineering |
2,485 |
|
2,117 |
|
93 |
|
100 |
|
175 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering |
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Bioengineering and biomedical engineering |
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Chemical engineering |
521 |
|
514 |
|
0 |
|
7 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Civil engineering |
696 |
|
549 |
|
93 |
|
54 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering |
198 |
|
179 |
|
0 |
|
19 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Industrial and manufacturing engineering |
229 |
|
94 |
|
0 |
|
5 |
|
130 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Mechanical engineering |
274 |
|
214 |
|
0 |
|
15 |
|
45 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Metallurgical and materials engineering |
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Engineering, nec |
567 |
|
567 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Non-S&E |
4,554 |
|
2,484 |
|
605 |
|
1,267 |
|
0 |
|
198 |
|
0 |
|
| Business management and business administration |
764 |
|
559 |
|
0 |
|
205 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Communication and communications technologies |
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Education |
1,292 |
|
610 |
|
587 |
|
95 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Humanities |
41 |
|
41 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Law |
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Social work |
22 |
|
0 |
|
18 |
|
4 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Visual and performing arts |
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
| Non-S&E, nec |
2,435 |
|
1,274 |
|
0 |
|
963 |
|
0 |
|
198 |
|
0 |
|
Federally funded R&D expenditures, by federal agency: 2017–08
(Dollars in thousands)
| Source of funds |
2017 |
|
2016 |
|
2015 |
|
2014 |
|
2013 |
|
2012 |
|
2011 |
|
2010 |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
| All agencies |
30,383 |
|
37,363 |
|
36,975 |
|
36,570 |
|
39,675 |
|
42,937 |
|
44,905 |
|
45,856 |
|
23,409 |
|
22,154 |
|
| Department of Agriculture |
7,817 |
|
7,860 |
|
7,543 |
|
7,243 |
|
8,684 |
|
9,069 |
|
8,456 |
|
8,578 |
|
7,326 |
|
6,543 |
|
| Department of Defense |
879 |
|
1,332 |
|
1,401 |
|
2,056 |
|
2,504 |
|
3,294 |
|
3,433 |
|
3,620 |
|
3,026 |
|
2,129 |
|
| Department of Energy |
3,214 |
|
1,945 |
|
1,089 |
|
859 |
|
686 |
|
1,463 |
|
1,070 |
|
705 |
|
309 |
|
216 |
|
| Department of Health and Human Services (including NIH) |
5,752 |
|
7,351 |
|
7,202 |
|
5,921 |
|
6,012 |
|
4,959 |
|
6,571 |
|
6,944 |
|
6,209 |
|
6,122 |
|
| National Aeronautics and Space Administration |
77 |
|
160 |
|
270 |
|
167 |
|
276 |
|
401 |
|
704 |
|
236 |
|
4 |
|
50 |
|
| National Science Foundation |
2,573 |
|
2,439 |
|
2,873 |
|
2,458 |
|
2,317 |
|
4,036 |
|
4,278 |
|
4,871 |
|
3,544 |
|
2,636 |
|
| Other Agencies |
10,071 |
|
16,276 |
|
16,597 |
|
17,866 |
|
19,196 |
|
19,715 |
|
20,393 |
|
20,902 |
|
2,991 |
|
4,458 |
|
Headcount of R&D personnel: 2017–11
| Year |
Total |
|
Principal investigators |
|
Other personnel |
|
Postdocs |
|
| 2017 |
1,437 |
|
96 |
|
1,341 |
|
. |
|
| 2016 |
1,572 |
|
103 |
|
1,469 |
|
. |
|
| 2015 |
1,561 |
|
104 |
|
1,457 |
|
19 |
|
| 2014 |
1,889 |
|
92 |
|
1,797 |
|
19 |
|
| 2013 |
1,554 |
|
91 |
|
1,463 |
|
19 |
|
| 2012 |
174 |
|
64 |
|
110 |
|
21 |
|
| 2011 |
183 |
|
80 |
|
103 |
|
20 |
|