Johns Hopkins U.

Rankings

Data year Earned doctorates Full-time graduate students Total R&D expenditures
Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked
2023 25 94.8 459 15 98 679 4 99.5 602 1 100 914
2022 29 93.9 457 12 98.4 680 1 100 900
2021 32 93.1 447 15 98 691 4 99.5 583 1 100 908
2020 34 92.7 450 24 96.7 698 1 100 916
2019 29 93.8 447 25 96.6 697 9 98.6 589 1 100 914
2018 23 94.9 428 28 96.2 700 1 100 911
2017 26 94.2 425 26 96.4 684 4 99.5 575 1 100 898
2016 29 93.5 430 31 95.7 697 1 100 896
2015 23 94.9 426 31 95.7 693 3 99.6 570 1 100 898
2014 33 92.5 422 28 96.1 688 1 100 889
NOTES:
  • 1. See TableBuilder for the prior year data.
  • 2. Blank white cells indicate data not available, not applicable, or institution not eligible for survey.
  • 3. Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

Data

Number of earned doctorates, by trend major field of study of recipients: 2023–14
Fields 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All fields 531 507 423 426 455 507 495 476 492 447
  Science and engineering 484 482 389 403 430 467 461 435 460 411
    Agricultural sciences and natural resources 2 . 1 . . . 1 1 1 .
      Agricultural sciences . . 1 . . . . . . .
      Natural resources and conservation 2 . . . . . 1 1 1 .
    Biological and biomedical sciences 187 156 151 173 158 178 172 166 178 169
      Biochemistry and biophysics 26 18 24 22 17 23 21 23 24 19
      Biology and biomedical sciences, general 22 10 8 14 11 11 19 19 13 9
      Bioinformatics, biostatistics, and computational biology 10 22 8 11 9 8 9 14 9 7
      Cellular and developmental biology, and anatomy 4 2 4 3 13 5 8 11 11 8
      Ecology, evolutionary biology, and epidemiology 22 17 16 19 20 29 14 19 24 19
      Genetics and genomics 12 14 13 18 9 15 9 9 9 11
      Microbiology and immunology 20 17 15 21 22 18 18 16 24 24
      Molecular biology 19 11 13 12 14 14 10 10 12 13
      Neurobiology and neurosciences 16 19 26 28 18 25 22 23 18 26
      Pharmacology and toxicology 10 6 3 9 6 7 14 4 8 12
      Physiology, pathology, and cancer biology 21 18 19 14 14 21 25 11 20 20
      Biology and biomedical sciences, other 5 2 2 2 5 2 3 7 6 1
    Computer and information sciences 35 33 24 16 20 19 16 19 4 5
      Computer science 25 21 18 16 19 19 16 18 4 5
      Computer and information sciences, other 10 12 6 . 1 . . 1 . .
    Engineering 98 128 81 66 81 99 93 78 93 81
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 2 . . . . . . . 1 .
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 26 41 16 17 25 29 37 31 39 26
      Chemical and petroleum engineering 16 22 17 6 11 12 7 10 7 10
      Civil, environmental, and transportation engineering 16 8 11 7 6 17 11 6 11 7
      Electrical and computer engineering 18 22 11 13 6 12 15 8 15 11
      Industrial engineering and operations research . 1 1 1 4 . . 1 . .
      Materials and mining engineering 4 14 6 6 8 9 13 9 9 8
      Mechanical engineering 14 17 17 16 18 18 10 13 11 17
      Engineering, other 2 3 2 . 3 2 . . . 2
    Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 6 8 2 7 6 6 10 2 3 2
      Geological sciences 1 1 1 5 2 5 6 1 2 2
      Ocean, marine, and atmospheric sciences 5 7 1 2 4 1 4 1 1 .
    Health sciences 48 52 45 62 64 66 70 60 82 62
      Nursing science 5 10 6 6 16 9 5 4 5 2
      Pharmaceutical sciences . . . . . . . . . .
      Public health 37 32 35 50 34 55 61 49 68 52
      Health sciences, other 6 10 4 6 14 2 4 7 9 8
    Mathematics and statistics 21 15 11 11 9 11 9 15 11 11
      Applied mathematics 8 4 1 5 3 2 1 5 4 4
      Mathematics . . . 3 1 3 1 . 1 1
      Statistics 5 4 4 . 2 1 4 3 . 1
      Mathematics and statistics, other 8 7 6 3 3 5 3 7 6 5
    Physical sciences 47 44 31 36 48 38 41 37 33 32
      Astronomy and astrophysics 9 12 7 7 7 14 9 5 4 9
      Chemistry 31 24 15 15 25 16 21 18 12 16
      Physics 7 8 9 14 16 8 11 14 17 7
    Psychology 11 10 13 6 8 1 6 14 6 6
      Counseling and applied psychology . . 1 1 . . . . 1 1
      Research and experimental psychology 11 10 10 5 7 1 6 11 5 4
      Psychology, other . . 2 . 1 . . 3 . 1
    Social sciences 29 36 30 26 36 49 43 43 49 43
      Anthropology 2 4 5 3 5 5 6 2 3 7
      Economics 9 6 5 7 9 11 12 7 11 10
      Political science and government 7 7 4 5 5 10 9 11 17 7
      Public policy analysis 3 4 5 1 3 5 2 7 5 4
      Sociology, demography, and population studies 5 3 5 4 4 6 1 2 8 7
      Social sciences, other 3 12 6 6 10 12 13 14 5 8
  Non-science and engineering 47 25 34 23 25 40 34 41 32 36
    Business 1 1 . . . . . 1 . .
      Business 1 1 . . . . . 1 . .
    Education . . . . . . . 2 . 1
      Education research . . . . . . . 2 . .
      Education, other . . . . . . . . . 1
    Humanities and arts 44 24 33 23 25 40 34 37 32 35
      Letters 13 8 9 3 5 8 4 9 9 4
      Foreign languages and literature 6 5 7 1 5 8 8 9 4 7
      History 16 5 11 8 8 9 15 10 13 13
      Philosophy and religious studies 4 3 1 5 4 9 2 3 4 5
      Humanities and arts, other 5 3 5 6 3 6 5 6 2 6
    Other non-science and engineering 2 . 1 . . . . 1 . .
      Communication . . . . . . . 1 . .
      Non-science and engineering, other 2 . 1 . . . . . . .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2023–14
All races 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
    Male 3,032 3,041 2,788 2,331 2,365 2,141 2,119 1,948 1,880 1,899
    Female 3,204 3,381 3,077 2,314 2,311 2,070 1,990 1,981 1,956 1,991
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents 3,076 3,411 3,347 2,829 2,592 2,427 2,396 2,477 2,464 2,505
    Hispanic or Latino 358 380 351 256 233 212 186 151 136 119
    Not Hispanic or Latino 2,484 2,878 2,911 2,492 2,267 2,136 2,133 2,263 2,266 2,341
      American Indian or Alaska Native 3 7 7 11 5 6 6 13 14 16
      Asian 673 735 673 518 487 462 422 469 431 422
      Black or African American 281 324 304 241 209 152 141 141 145 135
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 1 3 0 1 1 0 0 2 11 8
      White 1,358 1,633 1,757 1,599 1,459 1,407 1,471 1,565 1,617 1,702
      More than one race 168 176 170 122 106 109 93 73 48 58
    Unknown ethnicity and race 234 153 85 81 92 79 77 63 62 45
  Temporary visa holders 3,160 3,011 2,518 1,816 2,084 1,784 1,713 1,452 1,372 1,385
  Science and engineering 5,587 5,291 4,900 3,993 4,014 3,480 3,397 3,142 3,075 3,089
    Science 4,016 3,777 3,470 2,765 2,782 2,364 2,369 2,325 2,384 2,390
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 6 8 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 1,888 1,657 1,620 1,320 1,257 1,101 1,139 1,077 1,042 1,024
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 458 454 392 322 372 302 294 201 174 174
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 36 43 40 44 40 40 32 37 36 33
      Mathematics and statistics 406 438 439 251 213 207 191 187 154 148
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 22 20 24 18 24 22 21 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 348 330 323 301 278 252 257 240 223 232
      Psychology 110 105 106 103 93 90 92 107 110 94
      Social sciences 748 730 520 398 505 350 343 391 560 599
    Engineering 1,571 1,514 1,430 1,228 1,232 1,116 1,028 817 691 699
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 8 7 6 6 5 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 528 512 512 444 384 314 272 244 217 222
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 233 257 227 184 217 214 201 144 113 92
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 133 144 139 117 129 125 130 41 54 45
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 215 181 170 146 167 163 155 145 126 123
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 37 21 12 5 4 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 298 293 275 219 232 217 195 98 123 146
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 89 79 89 83 76 78 75 72 58 71
      Other engineering 30 20 0 24 18 5 0 73 0 0
  Health 649 1,131 965 652 662 731 712 787 761 801
    Clinical medicine 624 1,109 935 630 646 710 694 777 659 699
    Other health 25 22 30 22 16 21 18 10 102 102

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Part-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2023–14
All races 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
    Male 4,914 4,627 4,600 4,296 3,782 518 410 234 149 184
    Female 3,797 3,682 3,724 3,374 2,944 888 641 330 234 272
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents 7,849 7,491 7,558 7,038 6,148 1,001 717 379 279 326
    Hispanic or Latino 809 718 689 630 515 60 50 19 11 15
    Not Hispanic or Latino 6,737 6,447 6,542 6,047 5,249 888 628 337 252 302
      American Indian or Alaska Native 23 17 24 14 14 3 2 0 1 2
      Asian 1,421 1,302 1,258 1,084 898 174 139 77 49 62
      Black or African American 593 523 552 508 434 90 60 28 23 32
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 5 8 11 10 6 0 0 2 1 0
      White 4,344 4,291 4,415 4,162 3,653 573 398 217 170 194
      More than one race 351 306 282 269 244 48 29 13 8 12
    Unknown ethnicity and race 303 326 327 361 384 53 39 23 16 9
  Temporary visa holders 862 818 766 632 578 405 334 185 104 130
  Science and engineering 7,948 6,899 6,908 6,526 5,805 683 526 290 141 166
    Science 5,301 4,409 4,494 4,362 4,013 653 495 273 128 152
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 1,955 1,070 1,067 987 1,003 89 83 27 13 27
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 1,334 1,267 1,259 1,151 957 63 63 41 28 32
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mathematics and statistics 747 637 631 566 479 13 10 13 16 13
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 384 390 391 390 309 0 0 0 0 0
      Psychology 4 4 4 3 3 4 3 2 2 1
      Social sciences 875 1,041 1,142 1,265 1,262 484 336 190 69 79
    Engineering 2,647 2,490 2,414 2,164 1,792 30 31 17 13 14
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 468 435 430 358 235 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 203 236 231 158 99 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 2
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 127 136 161 172 161 13 14 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 659 639 637 580 485 6 6 4 6 5
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 718 665 630 587 542 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 399 328 286 288 249 10 9 3 6 5
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 73 51 39 20 19 1 2 1 1 2
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0
  Health 763 1,410 1,416 1,144 921 723 525 274 242 290
    Clinical medicine 757 1,400 1,409 1,121 905 709 515 274 233 282
    Other health 6 10 7 23 16 14 10 0 9 8

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health receiving primary support from federal sources, by field: 2023–14
Field 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All surveyed fields 1,018 1,150 1,099 998 924 863 929 1,156 1,111 1,205
  Science and engineering 932 1,060 1,014 920 837 777 787 1,065 1,011 1,102
    Science 692 637 599 525 492 465 479 731 731 776
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 4 6 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 575 516 493 423 407 387 386 488 492 501
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 12 11 17 11 9 5 5 77 61 53
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 14 16 15 16 15 15 12 14 11 18
      Mathematics and statistics 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 0 0 9
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 52 52 31 29 26 25 24 103 93 85
      Psychology 12 11 11 11 11 11 31 28 27 28
      Social sciences 22 26 24 25 20 18 17 19 42 60
    Engineering 240 423 415 395 345 312 308 334 280 326
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 203 203 182 146 131 143 117 100 106
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 56 54 50 48 44 40 36 50 39 40
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 17 18 17 16 16 15 15 8 10 21
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 43 36 34 29 31 32 30 54 44 57
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 84 79 83 74 70 67 63 48 47 64
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 28 25 28 26 23 23 21 32 40 38
      Other engineering 12 8 0 20 15 4 0 25 0 0
  Health 86 90 85 78 87 86 142 91 100 103
    Clinical medicine 86 90 84 67 82 83 137 91 76 83
    Other health 0 0 1 11 5 3 5 0 24 20

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by type and primary source of support: 2023–14
Type and primary source of support 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All types and sources of support 6,236 6,422 5,865 4,645 4,676 4,211 4,109 3,929 3,836 3,890
  Fellowships 1,442 1,460 1,378 1,287 1,194 1,163 1,154 1,139 1,075 1,137
    Federal 485 512 550 523 528 488 452 471 470 526
    Institutional 896 857 734 670 560 580 638 593 523 539
    Nonfederal 61 91 94 94 106 95 64 75 82 72
  Research assistantships 795 1,020 1,001 813 857 693 917 1,011 978 947
    Federal 384 505 451 359 332 226 399 636 592 599
    Institutional 303 386 408 345 392 346 344 221 254 218
    Nonfederal 108 129 142 109 133 121 174 154 132 130
  Teaching assistantships 599 591 582 531 532 473 434 374 361 349
    Federal 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 12
    Institutional 594 581 568 513 514 457 419 371 361 336
    Nonfederal 4 9 13 17 17 15 14 2 0 1
  Other types of support 3,400 3,351 2,904 2,014 2,093 1,882 1,604 1,405 1,422 1,457
    Federal 148 132 97 115 63 148 77 48 49 68
    Institutional 531 619 391 372 428 421 265 311 427 373
    Nonfederal 373 76 101 90 68 71 47 56 53 60
    Personal resources 2,348 2,524 2,315 1,437 1,534 1,242 1,215 990 893 956

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Postdoctorates in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2023–14
All races 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
  Science and engineering 812 812 811 808 765 726 763 628 611 606
    Science 670 686 681 685 625 592 626 515 511 515
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 17 23 33 28 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 514 521 531 530 509 472 495 353 357 341
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 19 16 10 16 13 24 15 8 5 11
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 13 9 8 8 9 10 8 8 7 6
      Mathematics and statistics 15 15 11 5 5 4 16 4 2 3
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 2 0 3 6 4 4 2 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 61 63 40 48 43 44 49 39 37 39
      Psychology 20 33 37 36 33 28 32 30 32 32
      Social sciences 9 6 8 8 9 6 9 7 16 22
    Engineering 142 126 130 123 140 134 137 113 100 91
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 56 54 50 32 30 36 40 31 26 22
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 26 22 20 27 32 36 29 22 22 21
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 18 14 17 14 13 10 12 8 11 9
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 10 7 7 10 13 12 10 9 5 3
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 17 20 17 18 26 24 28 23 24 25
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 15 9 19 22 26 16 18 13 12 11
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0
  Health 958 928 919 915 1,042 1,060 1,005 1,069 1,068 1,109
    Clinical medicine 949 922 916 914 1,015 1,037 994 1,051 1,050 1,091
    Other health 9 6 3 1 27 23 11 18 18 18

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Federally supported science, engineering, and health postdoctorates, by field: 2023–14
Field 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All surveyed fields 792 807 845 836 811 814 816 743 749 757
  Science and engineering 395 454 461 472 417 417 459 391 373 383
    Science 342 384 386 405 340 346 387 321 304 314
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 8 14 22 17 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 239 266 274 290 256 283 295 213 218 197
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 11 10 6 9 7 11 7 6 3 6
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 9 6 5 5 6 7 5 5 5 3
      Mathematics and statistics 9 8 6 3 2 2 10 3 0 2
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 0 3 6 4 4 2 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 46 48 32 39 34 27 38 24 24 25
      Psychology 18 31 35 33 30 12 30 21 22 19
      Social sciences 2 1 3 3 1 0 0 0 2 6
    Engineering 53 70 75 67 77 71 72 70 69 69
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 11 36 33 19 18 21 23 21 23 16
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 7 6 6 9 11 12 9 17 17 20
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 8 7 9 8 8 6 7 3 5 6
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 8 6 6 8 10 9 8 7 2 2
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 7 8 7 7 11 11 12 10 15 19
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 12 7 14 16 19 12 13 8 7 6
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0
  Health 397 353 384 364 394 397 357 352 376 374
    Clinical medicine 397 353 384 364 380 385 352 342 366 364
    Other health 0 0 0 0 14 12 5 10 10 10

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Total R&D expenditures, by field: 2023–14
(Dollars in thousands)
Field 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
  All R&D fields 3,801,585 3,420,312 3,181,385 3,110,494 2,917,436 2,661,033 2,562,307 2,431,180 2,305,679 2,242,478
    Science 2,293,941 i 2,085,546 i 1,936,957 i 1,899,037 i 1,765,945 i 1,568,674 i 1,476,620 i 1,398,570 i 1,307,120 i 1,292,431 i
      Computer and information sciences 309,828 i 270,237 i 270,040 i 226,696 i 199,773 i 161,884 i 154,963 i 142,021 i 123,653 i 117,178 i
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 72,538 i 96,789 i 79,257 i 65,556 i 42,585 i 34,663 i 35,624 i 33,628 i 31,854 i 34,553 i
        Atmospheric science and meteorology 11,587 i 14,132 i 11,368 i 10,436 i 6,390 i 4,346 i 4,206 i 3,083 i 3,024 i 2,755 i
        Geological and earth sciences 29,977 i 41,157 i 34,126 i 26,228 i 13,018 i 11,304 i 11,856 i 10,171 i 8,978 i 9,025 i
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences 23,174 i 31,292 i 24,357 i 16,698 i 8,842 i 5,757 i 5,688 i 4,729 i 4,637 i 4,876 i
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec 7,800 i 10,208 i 9,406 i 12,194 i 14,335 i 13,256 i 13,874 i 15,645 i 15,215 i 17,897 i
      Life sciences 1,264,589 i 1,179,546 i 1,069,865 i 1,047,668 i 1,053,401 i 991,451 i 954,186 i 904,527 i 867,715 i 862,584 i
        Agricultural sciences 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i
        Biological and biomedical sciences 379,802 i 358,980 i 350,122 i 311,295 i 326,327 i 288,079 i 289,980 i 295,388 i 237,881 i 234,290 i
        Health sciences 884,787 i 820,566 i 719,743 i 736,373 i 727,074 i 703,372 i 664,206 i 609,139 i 565,915 i 567,149 i
        Natural resources and conservation 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 0
        Life sciences nec 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 63,919 i 61,145 i
      Mathematics and statistics 230,354 i 141,477 i 117,429 i 105,774 i 85,874 i 78,432 i 59,511 i 55,510 i 47,552 i 45,757 i
      Physical sciences 332,727 i 317,282 i 338,454 i 390,245 i 323,619 i 243,916 i 189,415 i 181,885 i 167,009 i 191,456 i
        Astronomy and astrophysics 22,326 i 31,863 i 63,207 i 96,033 i 80,768 i 41,913 i 30,839 i 25,075 i 27,879 i 30,520 i
        Chemistry 26,888 i 25,673 i 24,078 i 25,946 i 24,180 i 23,237 i 23,404 i 25,874 i 21,871 i 24,528 i
        Materials science 3,462 i 4,402 i 4,977 i 4,300 i 4,682 i 4,881 i 6,154 i 5,717 i 0 0
        Physics 257,687 i 234,921 i 223,991 i 232,583 i 183,818 i 150,439 i 96,487 i 102,748 i 97,805 i 107,003 i
        Physical sciences nec 22,364 i 20,423 i 22,201 i 31,383 i 30,171 i 23,446 i 32,531 i 22,471 i 19,454 i 29,405 i
      Psychology 8,378 i 7,744 i 6,201 i 5,918 i 4,995 i 3,702 i 3,753 i 4,934 i 3,663 i 3,633 i
      Social sciences 11,336 i 9,118 i 5,305 i 6,221 i 8,923 i 7,417 i 10,368 i 9,130 i 11,034 i 9,139 i
        Anthropology 96 i 217 i 54 i 8 i 24 i 45 i 46 i 31 i 0 0
        Economics 463 i 244 i 36 i 51 i 121 i 88 i 97 i 36 i 440 i 438 i
        Political science and government 229 i 168 i 165 i 202 i 107 i 79 i 0 i 86 i 109 i 71 i
        Sociology, demography, and population studies 9,117 i 6,482 i 2,907 i 5,116 i 7,379 i 6,379 i 9,656 i 8,513 i 10,201 i 8,250 i
        Social sciences nec 1,431 i 2,007 i 2,143 i 844 i 1,292 i 826 i 569 i 464 i 284 i 380 i
      Sciences nec 64,191 i 63,353 i 50,406 i 50,959 i 46,775 i 47,209 i 68,800 i 66,935 i 54,640 i 28,131 i
    Engineering 1,493,689 i 1,324,646 i 1,237,980 i 1,205,632 i 1,147,335 i 1,087,478 i 1,080,021 i 1,026,629 i 991,937 i 935,105 i
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 196,236 i 164,961 i 148,593 i 132,651 i 121,043 i 112,969 i 114,109 i 94,319 i 84,382 i 80,038 i
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 90,639 i 82,261 i 69,477 i 59,419 i 52,304 i 47,584 i 42,519 i 38,587 i 37,798 i 33,101 i
      Chemical engineering 26,307 i 24,980 i 21,053 i 22,153 i 20,532 i 16,116 i 16,548 i 15,522 i 11,741 i 10,819 i
      Civil engineering 20,189 i 18,090 i 16,577 i 16,831 i 19,363 i 18,068 i 16,225 i 15,268 i 19,377 i 19,103 i
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering 624,367 i 567,218 i 549,900 i 547,044 i 536,637 i 531,447 i 534,573 i 471,346 i 459,635 i 431,985 i
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering 117,095 i 100,873 i 99,189 i 99,394 i 96,682 i 87,115 i 762 i 0 i 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 268,430 i 247,082 i 225,086 i 224,716 i 208,582 i 185,333 i 182,172 i 161,975 i 151,893 i 138,589 i
      Metallurgical and materials engineering 46,404 i 37,033 i 32,038 i 29,331 i 24,664 i 22,846 i 18,885 i 15,873 i 11,081 i 11,675 i
      Engineering nec 104,022 i 82,148 i 76,067 i 74,093 i 67,528 i 66,000 i 154,228 i 213,739 i 216,030 i 209,795 i
    Non-S&E 13,955 i 10,120 i 6,448 i 5,825 i 4,156 i 4,881 i 5,666 i 5,981 i 6,622 i 14,942 i
      Business management and business administration 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i
      Communication and communications technologies 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 479 i 1,204 i
      Education 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i
      Humanities 13,819 i 9,994 i 6,255 i 5,696 i 4,096 i 4,738 i 5,434 i 5,621 i 6,143 i 13,738 i
      Law 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i
      Social work 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i
      Visual and performing arts 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i 0 i
      Non-S&E nec 136 i 126 i 193 i 129 i 60 i 143 i 232 i 360 i 0 i 0 i

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • Johns Hopkins University includes Applied Physics Laboratory, with $1,909,094 thousand in total R&D expenditures in FY 2020.
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Total R&D expenditures, by source of funds and R&D field: 2023
(Dollars in thousands)
Field All R&D expenditures Federal government State and local government Institution funds Business Nonprofit organizations All other sources
  All R&D fields 3,801,585 3,324,551 10,271 164,758 126,685 168,401 6,919
    Science 2,293,941 i 1,884,852 9,860 124,476 i 117,289 152,417 5,047
      Computer and information sciences 309,828 i 299,497 95 7,325 i 1,236 454 1,221
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 72,538 i 67,703 262 3,873 i 142 481 77
        Atmospheric science and meteorology 11,587 i 10,976 0 586 i 25 0 0
        Geological and earth sciences 29,977 i 28,152 0 1,577 i 66 105 77
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences 23,174 i 21,952 0 1,172 i 50 0 0
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec 7,800 i 6,623 262 538 i 1 376 0
      Life sciences 1,264,589 i 897,607 9,503 94,579 i 114,107 145,431 3,362
        Agricultural sciences 0 i 0 0 0 i 0 0 0
        Biological and biomedical sciences 379,802 i 279,015 111 24,424 i 29,145 46,491 616
        Health sciences 884,787 i 618,592 9,392 70,155 i 84,962 98,940 2,746
        Natural resources and conservation 0 i 0 0 0 i 0 0 0
        Life sciences nec 0 i 0 0 0 i 0 0 0
      Mathematics and statistics 230,354 i 224,276 0 5,267 i 370 379 62
      Physical sciences 332,727 i 318,657 0 10,566 i 818 2,672 14
        Astronomy and astrophysics 22,326 i 20,704 0 1,437 i 0 185 0
        Chemistry 26,888 i 25,138 0 1,092 i 295 363 0
        Materials science 3,462 i 3,130 0 300 i 29 3 0
        Physics 257,687 i 248,916 0 6,142 i 494 2,121 14
        Physical sciences nec 22,364 i 20,769 0 1,595 i 0 0 0
      Psychology 8,378 i 7,573 0 601 i 0 204 0
      Social sciences 11,336 i 9,001 0 356 i 321 1,347 311
        Anthropology 96 i 27 0 7 i 0 62 0
        Economics 463 i 54 0 25 i 0 370 14
        Political science and government 229 i 0 0 25 i 0 179 25
        Sociology, demography, and population studies 9,117 i 8,584 0 218 i 0 315 0
        Social sciences nec 1,431 i 336 0 81 i 321 421 272
      Sciences nec 64,191 i 60,538 0 1,909 i 295 1,449 0
    Engineering 1,493,689 i 1,436,413 119 40,156 i 8,602 6,568 1,831
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 196,236 i 191,135 15 4,411 i 524 0 151
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 90,639 i 79,622 2 5,377 i 2,562 2,840 236
      Chemical engineering 26,307 i 24,936 1 929 i 280 147 14
      Civil engineering 20,189 i 18,623 18 787 i 234 520 7
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering 624,367 i 606,439 45 14,914 i 1,942 519 508
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering 117,095 i 114,052 9 2,631 i 313 0 90
      Mechanical engineering 268,430 i 258,794 19 6,786 i 1,544 631 656
      Metallurgical and materials engineering 46,404 i 41,505 2 1,971 i 927 1,911 88
      Engineering nec 104,022 i 101,307 8 2,350 i 276 0 81
    Non-S&E 13,955 i 3,286 292 126 i 794 9,416 41
      Business management and business administration 0 i 0 0 0 i 0 0 0
      Communication and communications technologies 0 i 0 0 0 i 0 0 0
      Education 0 i 0 0 0 i 0 0 0
      Humanities 13,819 i 3,286 292 126 i 794 9,280 41
      Law 0 i 0 0 0 i 0 0 0
      Social work 0 i 0 0 0 i 0 0 0
      Visual and performing arts 0 i 0 0 0 i 0 0 0
      Non-S&E nec 136 i 0 0 0 i 0 136 0

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • Johns Hopkins University includes Applied Physics Laboratory, with $1,909,094 thousand in total R&D expenditures in FY 2020.
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Federally funded R&D expenditures, by federal agency: 2023–14
(Dollars in thousands)
Source of funds 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
Federal Agencies 3,324,551 2,971,816 2,774,643 2,682,410 2,482,130 2,251,097 2,178,605 2,104,653 1,992,837 1,950,016
  DOD 1,628,821 1,476,638 1,459,350 1,373,241 1,262,988 1,108,578 1,097,143 1,037,685 794,397 734,989
  DOE 11,671 12,785 11,697 12,481 8,315 7,458 8,908 9,125 8,003 7,720
  HHS 919,852 844,336 722,250 693,055 673,751 651,656 626,049 618,525 584,834 602,905
  NASA 515,047 426,124 368,276 382,439 312,073 264,837 234,446 252,470 213,697 186,407
  NSF 40,834 38,498 36,823 36,694 37,180 39,487 37,943 37,379 33,967 33,009
  USDA 3,553 1,226 1,284 1,517 1,309 975 825 537 1,111 1,519
  Other 204,773 172,209 174,963 182,983 186,514 178,106 173,291 148,932 356,828 383,467

NOTE:
  • Johns Hopkins University includes Applied Physics Laboratory, with $1,909,094 thousand in total R&D expenditures in FY 2020.
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Headcount of R&D personnel: 2023–17 [temporarily discontinued]
Year
2023 . . . .
2022 . . . .
2021 . . . .
2020 . . . .
2019 25,423 i 3,532 i 21,891 i .
2018 22,548 i 2,999 i 19,549 i .
2017 23,504 i 3,061 i 20,443 i .

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • Johns Hopkins University includes Applied Physics Laboratory, with $1,909,094 thousand in total R&D expenditures in FY 2020.
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field: 2023–14
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space 2023 2021 2019 2017 2015
  All research space 3,704 3,443 2,978 3,267 3,548
    Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Biological and biomedical sciences 684 689 639 776 745
    Computer and information sciences 199 158 202 153 344
    Engineering 1,362 1,192 869 1,062 1,131
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 33 41 20 19 20
    Health sciences 600 645 636 878 900
    Mathematics and statistics 22 31 14 15 15
    Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0
    Physical sciences 404 343 377 169 300
    Psychology 90 74 51 46 45
    Social sciences 68 58 37 37 35
    Other 242 212 133 113 14

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

New construction of science and engineering research space, by field and time of construction: 2025–16
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space 597,060 . 1,705 143,010 .
    Biological and biomedical sciences 290,190 . 0 4,000 .
    Computer and information sciences 0 . 0 1,780 .
    Engineering 158,701 . 1,705 98,397 .
    Health sciences 23,000 . 0 0 .
    Social sciences 29,920 . 0 0 .
    Other 95,249 . 0 38,833 .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

Costs for repair and renovation of science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field and time of repair and renovation: 2025–16
(Dollars in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space 62,133 55,163 38,999 10,438 22,604
    Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Biological and biomedical sciences 18,204 8,073 14,020 10,438 6,391
    Computer and information sciences 0 3,514 9,703 0 8,114
    Engineering 10,440 30,841 12,689 0 6,153
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Health sciences 8,092 5,672 0 0 351
    Mathematics and statistics 0 0 0 0 0
    Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0
    Physical sciences 1,397 2,190 0 0 0
    Psychology 0 0 0 0 0
    Social sciences 0 0 0 0 757
    Other 24,000 4,873 2,587 0 839

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities