Princeton U.

Rankings

Data year Earned doctorates Full-time graduate students Total R&D expenditures
Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked
2023 36 92.4 459 71 89.8 679 89 85.5 602 61 93.5 914
2022 37 92.2 457 65 90.7 680 63 93.2 900
2021 59 87.1 447 62 91.2 691 89 85 583 68 92.7 908
2020 58 87.4 450 59 91.8 698 67 92.9 916
2019 40 91.3 447 61 91.5 697 97 83.8 589 68 92.7 914
2018 41 90.7 428 61 91.5 700 68 92.7 911
2017 47 89.3 425 64 90.9 684 89 84.8 575 71 92.3 898
2016 46 89.6 430 71 90 697 75 91.8 896
2015 47 89.3 426 76 89.3 693 108 81.4 570 81 91.2 898
2014 44 89.9 422 74 89.5 688 77 91.5 889
NOTES:
  • 1. See TableBuilder for the prior year data.
  • 2. Blank white cells indicate data not available, not applicable, or institution not eligible for survey.
  • 3. Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

Data

Number of earned doctorates, by trend major field of study of recipients: 2023–14
Fields 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All fields 445 447 293 318 398 396 358 373 371 389
  Science and engineering 351 374 240 246 301 287 274 289 294 270
    Agricultural sciences and natural resources 2 . 4 1 . 1 1 . . 1
      Natural resources and conservation 2 . 4 1 . 1 1 . . 1
    Biological and biomedical sciences 51 56 38 31 57 38 43 30 41 37
      Biochemistry and biophysics 4 3 1 . 5 2 1 3 . 3
      Biology and biomedical sciences, general 1 2 1 . 3 . . 3 . .
      Bioinformatics, biostatistics, and computational biology 6 8 1 5 10 2 7 2 3 2
      Cellular and developmental biology, and anatomy 3 3 1 . 2 1 4 1 4 .
      Ecology, evolutionary biology, and epidemiology 6 9 11 3 7 11 9 6 9 2
      Genetics and genomics 2 1 1 . 2 1 . 1 . .
      Microbiology and immunology 2 2 . 5 3 3 . 3 1 2
      Molecular biology 17 16 16 12 17 12 17 9 20 21
      Neurobiology and neurosciences 8 10 6 6 7 6 5 1 3 5
      Physiology, pathology, and cancer biology 1 1 . . 1 . . 1 . 2
      Biology and biomedical sciences, other 1 1 . . . . . . 1 .
    Computer and information sciences 37 27 16 18 25 15 15 22 11 17
      Computer science 32 23 14 18 25 14 14 21 9 14
      Computer and information sciences, other 5 4 2 . . 1 1 1 2 3
    Engineering 60 78 39 45 53 65 57 50 69 63
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 10 17 3 4 3 3 3 5 6 2
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 1 1 3 1 1 2 . 2 1 1
      Chemical and petroleum engineering 13 20 5 4 12 15 13 13 14 20
      Civil, environmental, and transportation engineering 12 9 1 7 6 7 6 4 7 11
      Electrical and computer engineering 18 24 16 15 16 21 15 15 23 17
      Industrial engineering and operations research 3 3 3 2 4 2 6 2 3 3
      Materials and mining engineering 1 1 3 . . 4 . 4 1 3
      Mechanical engineering 2 2 4 11 10 9 13 4 14 5
      Engineering, other . 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 . 1
    Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 7 10 10 14 7 9 14 12 15 9
      Geological sciences 4 3 3 9 4 3 5 7 4 5
      Ocean, marine, and atmospheric sciences 3 7 7 5 3 6 9 5 11 4
    Mathematics and statistics 33 37 14 25 25 26 14 20 23 25
      Applied mathematics 9 2 3 7 4 6 2 8 3 5
      Mathematics 5 4 1 4 8 11 5 4 15 13
      Statistics 8 5 3 5 1 3 . 2 2 3
      Mathematics and statistics, other 11 26 7 9 12 6 7 6 3 4
    Physical sciences 74 73 49 46 68 60 62 72 62 49
      Astronomy and astrophysics 12 8 9 3 7 6 7 9 3 6
      Chemistry 32 35 17 20 27 24 23 41 26 18
      Physics 30 30 23 23 34 30 32 22 33 25
    Psychology 6 12 8 8 4 9 7 4 9 10
      Research and experimental psychology 5 8 6 7 3 6 6 4 8 10
      Psychology, other 1 4 2 1 1 3 1 . 1 .
    Social sciences 81 81 62 58 62 64 61 79 64 59
      Anthropology 8 4 3 4 6 4 2 5 5 4
      Economics 27 24 20 10 19 19 21 27 21 19
      Political science and government 13 25 16 25 17 21 16 24 19 15
      Public policy analysis 1 . 3 1 2 3 2 1 1 4
      Sociology, demography, and population studies 13 12 11 12 11 11 12 19 14 10
      Social sciences, other 19 16 9 6 7 6 8 3 4 7
  Non-science and engineering 94 73 53 72 97 109 84 84 77 119
    Business 3 1 1 . . . 1 3 . 4
      Business 3 1 1 . . . 1 3 . 4
    Humanities and arts 85 70 49 67 87 104 77 80 76 106
      Letters 21 15 16 16 21 26 18 16 18 22
      Foreign languages and literature 5 8 4 13 10 16 11 12 12 11
      History 26 21 8 16 32 24 16 28 20 26
      Philosophy and religious studies 17 12 12 10 9 19 18 10 11 26
      Music and performing arts 10 8 3 5 6 11 6 6 9 10
      Humanities and arts, other 6 6 6 7 9 8 8 8 6 11
    Other non-science and engineering 6 2 3 5 10 5 6 1 1 9
      Communication . . . . . 1 . . . .
      Public administration and social services 1 . . 1 1 2 . . . .
      Non-science and engineering, other 5 2 3 4 9 2 6 1 1 9

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2023–14
All races 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
    Male 1,517 1,527 1,499 1,442 1,418 1,399 1,346 1,328 1,303 1,308
    Female 1,020 993 952 854 820 805 779 732 718 700
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents 1,391 1,415 1,386 1,318 1,254 1,211 1,163 1,128 1,099 1,123
    Hispanic or Latino 157 165 168 151 136 125 104 98 94 88
    Not Hispanic or Latino 1,141 1,158 1,129 1,068 1,024 994 966 947 918 940
      American Indian or Alaska Native 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
      Asian 297 265 251 229 208 195 172 161 146 140
      Black or African American 79 82 66 52 52 50 56 64 55 45
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1
      White 686 733 744 720 706 699 689 681 679 712
      More than one race 78 77 68 67 57 49 49 41 37 41
    Unknown ethnicity and race 93 92 89 99 94 92 93 83 87 95
  Temporary visa holders 1,146 1,105 1,065 978 984 993 962 932 922 885
  Science and engineering 2,537 2,520 2,451 2,296 2,238 2,204 2,125 2,060 2,021 2,008
    Science 1,930 1,910 1,871 1,586 1,558 1,528 1,501 1,558 1,547 1,516
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 321 309 292 297 277 268 251 204 207 206
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 242 240 223 0 0 0 0 143 123 122
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 61 62 62 56 57 61 52 58 62 61
      Mathematics and statistics 154 146 156 100 93 102 110 92 93 89
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 11 4 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 430 412 403 392 380 367 355 329 338 334
      Psychology 55 52 47 52 48 46 44 49 42 45
      Social sciences 656 685 683 689 703 684 689 645 641 626
    Engineering 607 610 580 710 680 676 624 502 474 492
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 109 110 111 107 97 91 92 98 81 80
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 74 71 73 54 61 64 60 54 54 60
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 248 238 208 401 364 360 315 168 169 179
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 56 68 78 61 64 61 59 53 45 43
      Mechanical engineering 120 123 110 87 94 100 98 99 96 99
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 30 29 31
    Clinical medicine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Other health 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Part-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2023–14
All races 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
    Male 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
    Female 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
    Hispanic or Latino 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Not Hispanic or Latino 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
      American Indian or Alaska Native 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Asian 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Black or African American 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      White 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
      More than one race 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Unknown ethnicity and race 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  Temporary visa holders 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  Science and engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
    Science 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mathematics and statistics 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Psychology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Social sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Clinical medicine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Other health 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health receiving primary support from federal sources, by field: 2023–14
Field 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All surveyed fields 123 114 459 426 452 536 565 532 556 585
  Science and engineering 123 114 459 426 452 536 565 532 556 585
    Science 95 86 315 248 249 344 333 362 397 389
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 27 28 74 82 72 128 121 103 94 102
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 15 7 64 0 0 0 0 54 50 57
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 7 4 20 16 24 31 25 29 37 25
      Mathematics and statistics 1 7 10 7 8 19 25 15 18 16
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 40 35 128 128 119 135 127 117 140 146
      Psychology 1 3 11 8 10 15 14 13 10 10
      Social sciences 4 2 8 7 16 16 21 21 27 17
    Engineering 28 28 144 178 203 192 232 170 159 196
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 8 4 33 46 29 35 39 33 33 47
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 3 3 14 11 21 26 26 23 24 23
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 12 12 70 100 118 93 131 76 63 75
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 1 2 7 2 6 5 6 5 2 2
      Mechanical engineering 4 7 20 19 29 33 30 31 37 49
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0
  Health 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Clinical medicine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Other health 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by type and primary source of support: 2023–14
Type and primary source of support 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All types and sources of support 2,537 2,520 2,451 2,296 2,238 2,204 2,125 2,060 2,021 2,008
  Fellowships 1,281 1,307 1,303 1,184 1,233 1,215 1,190 1,113 1,094 1,042
    Federal 11 12 69 76 72 168 178 173 200 183
    Institutional 1,253 1,277 1,205 1,081 1,132 1,017 972 889 837 817
    Nonfederal 17 18 29 27 29 30 40 51 57 42
  Research assistantships 665 633 625 537 535 526 493 467 452 496
    Federal 112 102 390 350 380 368 387 359 356 402
    Institutional 526 514 160 119 105 76 65 69 52 56
    Nonfederal 27 17 75 68 50 82 41 39 44 38
  Teaching assistantships 538 525 468 570 462 454 423 422 431 401
    Federal 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Institutional 538 525 468 570 462 454 422 422 430 401
    Nonfederal 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0
  Other types of support 53 55 55 5 8 9 19 58 44 69
    Federal 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Institutional 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Nonfederal 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 5
    Personal resources 53 55 55 5 8 9 19 58 43 64

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Postdoctorates in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2023–14
All races 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
  Science and engineering 718 645 694 665 660 621 592 522 526 464
    Science 527 485 511 496 519 500 470 416 410 352
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 134 130 154 140 179 171 172 111 107 93
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 0 0 0 0 14 22 0 17 13 9
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 69 60 61 54 51 41 45 43 40 30
      Mathematics and statistics 16 24 21 18 20 17 20 13 13 7
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 9 8 9 8 8 2 1 2 1 0
      Natural resources and conservation 39 27 16 12 10 6 8 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 143 129 132 159 134 145 142 109 108 107
      Psychology 13 14 9 11 11 9 10 8 8 9
      Social sciences 104 93 109 94 92 87 72 59 74 55
    Engineering 191 160 183 169 141 121 122 106 116 112
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 39 24 28 36 35 27 24 26 28 31
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 44 36 38 29 26 20 16 17 15 15
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 61 51 64 55 34 33 49 24 27 24
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 4 8 5 7 5 7 6 7 10 10
      Mechanical engineering 32 33 37 34 33 34 27 29 34 26
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 11 8 11 8 8 0 0 2 2 5
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
    Clinical medicine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Other health 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Federally supported science, engineering, and health postdoctorates, by field: 2023–14
Field 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All surveyed fields 253 230 254 251 280 260 236 246 233 222
  Science and engineering 253 230 254 251 280 260 236 246 233 222
    Science 185 165 173 187 218 206 177 178 173 169
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 65 57 68 70 100 91 75 45 41 45
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 0 0 0 0 5 15 0 9 6 3
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 47 37 37 36 31 20 27 36 33 20
      Mathematics and statistics 1 6 3 2 4 11 7 4 3 5
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
      Natural resources and conservation 5 5 2 1 2 1 1 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 60 55 56 71 70 63 64 53 57 61
      Psychology 5 4 6 5 5 3 3 5 2 7
      Social sciences 1 0 1 1 1 2 0 3 4 3
    Engineering 68 65 81 64 62 54 59 68 60 53
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 14 13 9 14 13 8 8 13 12 13
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 16 15 10 8 3 1 6 9 10 7
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 21 16 38 27 21 15 24 17 15 10
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 1 4 4 5 3 6 3 7 7 7
      Mechanical engineering 14 16 19 10 22 24 18 22 15 12
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 4
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  Health 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Clinical medicine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Other health 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Total R&D expenditures, by field: 2023–14
(Dollars in thousands)
Field 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
  All R&D fields 513,365 461,185 404,448 396,502 385,739 365,007 334,125 307,653 279,851 293,274
    Science 408,392 365,594 322,421 315,400 305,700 283,847 251,692 226,846 196,705 202,862
      Computer and information sciences 29,801 28,066 23,518 24,160 19,725 15,110 15,501 13,640 11,508 11,856
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 33,668 29,942 29,203 23,819 24,755 28,636 25,660 25,990 24,049 20,498
        Atmospheric science and meteorology 16,488 13,198 12,846 8,301 9,457 11,296 11,495 11,939 8,090 6,474
        Geological and earth sciences 8,817 8,865 7,670 8,028 6,755 9,723 6,542 6,468 6,407 8,338
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences 0 0 386 4,200 4,880 3,987 3,803 150 0 0
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec 8,363 7,879 8,301 3,290 3,663 3,630 3,820 7,433 9,552 5,686
      Life sciences 128,054 112,932 95,938 91,903 95,882 86,341 75,292 66,251 41,457 46,685
        Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Biological and biomedical sciences 112,622 102,181 87,346 81,137 87,248 80,786 69,507 63,535 41,457 46,685
        Health sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Natural resources and conservation 15,432 10,751 8,592 10,766 8,634 5,555 5,785 2,716 0 0
        Life sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mathematics and statistics 16,810 15,763 11,672 13,550 11,703 11,313 9,915 10,166 7,820 10,764
      Physical sciences 109,961 101,461 99,326 94,815 88,235 82,329 70,706 66,914 69,410 70,098
        Astronomy and astrophysics 36,251 29,410 27,282 24,682 23,786 22,585 16,796 11,334 8,620 11,422
        Chemistry 32,016 28,604 29,163 25,095 22,317 21,060 18,701 18,810 24,018 21,810
        Materials science 7,240 4,663 6,744 3,611 3,287 3,387 3,416 2,994 0 0
        Physics 33,192 37,325 35,249 40,161 38,060 34,551 31,045 33,776 36,772 36,866
        Physical sciences nec 1,262 1,459 888 1,266 785 746 748 0 0 0
      Psychology 6,305 4,568 5,441 9,240 6,482 6,295 8,948 3,594 17,778 15,101
      Social sciences 83,793 72,862 57,323 57,913 58,918 50,613 45,670 40,291 24,524 27,603
        Anthropology 662 227 305 541 508 206 171 95 0 0
        Economics 14,908 15,755 8,419 9,014 8,620 6,536 6,764 5,822 1,315 1,813
        Political science and government 33,277 32,212 27,318 27,497 30,137 24,279 28,038 23,026 21,285 24,363
        Sociology, demography, and population studies 19,635 18,334 17,047 15,765 14,972 14,898 6,793 8,289 1,222 1,130
        Social sciences nec 15,311 6,334 4,234 5,096 4,681 4,694 3,904 3,059 702 297
      Sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 3,210 0 0 159 257
    Engineering 87,035 78,831 67,231 67,014 65,000 67,450 70,261 58,887 75,674 84,868
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 5,518 4,480 2,029 2,799 2,313 2,255 2,478 5,265 7,214 7,139
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 9,028 5,643 6,069 6,731 7,354 6,849 5,781 2,831 4,350 4,962
      Chemical engineering 7,873 8,167 5,304 5,921 4,114 4,305 5,019 5,573 7,160 7,758
      Civil engineering 8,067 7,730 3,830 5,014 5,585 6,639 11,109 7,269 10,993 12,446
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering 33,261 32,101 17,483 17,156 17,186 17,526 17,008 12,382 12,985 12,778
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering 4,672 3,898 2,734 2,810 2,847 3,046 0 3,357 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 6,763 5,306 8,114 7,421 8,814 9,484 9,683 5,006 7,217 6,977
      Metallurgical and materials engineering 0 743 14,256 11,788 10,340 11,507 12,438 12,270 21,475 29,581
      Engineering nec 11,853 10,763 7,412 7,374 6,447 5,839 6,745 4,934 4,280 3,227
    Non-S&E 17,938 16,760 14,796 14,088 15,039 13,710 12,172 21,920 7,472 5,544
      Business management and business administration 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Communication and communications technologies 41 148 103 0 0 0 0 0 231 435
      Education 1 12 1,381 746 866 708 803 1,239 202 397
      Humanities 13,340 11,047 8,403 8,544 8,732 8,492 7,737 10,980 5,128 3,233
      Law 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Social work 0 0 8 44 21 36 26 0 0 0
      Visual and performing arts 3,005 4,332 2,955 3,451 3,662 3,102 2,026 7,398 1,330 1,287
      Non-S&E nec 1,551 1,221 1,946 1,303 1,758 1,372 1,580 2,303 581 192

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Total R&D expenditures, by source of funds and R&D field: 2023
(Dollars in thousands)
Field All R&D expenditures Federal government State and local government Institution funds Business Nonprofit organizations All other sources
  All R&D fields 513,365 219,600 1,252 144,341 20,077 76,101 51,994
    Science 408,392 166,337 702 117,698 14,072 69,231 40,352
      Computer and information sciences 29,801 16,491 0 7,815 2,759 1,338 1,398
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 33,668 21,598 55 4,133 3,571 1,620 2,691
        Atmospheric science and meteorology 16,488 14,146 0 1,800 0 542 0
        Geological and earth sciences 8,817 2,911 0 2,333 176 990 2,407
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec 8,363 4,541 55 0 3,395 88 284
      Life sciences 128,054 53,629 594 36,074 1,838 15,755 20,164
        Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Biological and biomedical sciences 112,622 50,130 594 29,298 1,024 13,200 18,376
        Health sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Natural resources and conservation 15,432 3,499 0 6,776 814 2,555 1,788
        Life sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mathematics and statistics 16,810 6,148 0 5,268 601 3,911 882
      Physical sciences 109,961 59,526 0 29,016 3,815 14,200 3,404
        Astronomy and astrophysics 36,251 26,983 0 4,956 366 2,261 1,685
        Chemistry 32,016 13,834 0 9,092 3,412 5,327 351
        Materials science 7,240 0 0 6,144 0 559 537
        Physics 33,192 18,686 0 7,694 37 6,053 722
        Physical sciences nec 1,262 23 0 1,130 0 0 109
      Psychology 6,305 1,810 53 2,575 0 1,727 140
      Social sciences 83,793 7,135 0 32,817 1,488 30,680 11,673
        Anthropology 662 94 0 460 0 90 18
        Economics 14,908 742 0 8,482 10 1,068 4,606
        Political science and government 33,277 2,265 0 8,616 941 18,222 3,233
        Sociology, demography, and population studies 19,635 4,034 0 3,181 441 10,426 1,553
        Social sciences nec 15,311 0 0 12,078 96 874 2,263
      Sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Engineering 87,035 52,300 481 19,939 5,969 2,776 5,570
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 5,518 2,201 0 2,345 244 165 563
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 9,028 5,283 24 1,895 638 364 824
      Chemical engineering 7,873 4,775 0 1,893 336 169 700
      Civil engineering 8,067 4,148 250 2,612 210 165 682
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering 33,261 20,889 0 8,921 1,182 642 1,627
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering 4,672 3,120 0 0 1,525 27 0
      Mechanical engineering 6,763 3,761 0 1,953 280 192 577
      Metallurgical and materials engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Engineering nec 11,853 8,123 207 320 1,554 1,052 597
    Non-S&E 17,938 963 69 6,704 36 4,094 6,072
      Business management and business administration 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Communication and communications technologies 41 9 0 32 0 0 0
      Education 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
      Humanities 13,340 801 0 4,846 33 3,136 4,524
      Law 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Social work 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Visual and performing arts 3,005 0 55 820 0 639 1,491
      Non-S&E nec 1,551 153 14 1,006 3 318 57

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Federally funded R&D expenditures, by federal agency: 2023–14
(Dollars in thousands)
Source of funds 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
Federal Agencies 219,600 218,390 205,000 203,259 193,453 180,305 176,029 162,003 158,313 164,277
  DOD 25,234 29,379 30,518 30,324 29,077 26,663 30,085 26,103 30,779 31,889
  DOE 28,060 30,766 22,575 19,178 14,676 12,317 13,697 14,029 16,454 17,486
  HHS 58,218 58,925 56,755 58,191 58,592 52,606 50,968 45,895 42,428 44,593
  NASA 22,689 15,677 14,005 15,145 15,165 15,850 10,156 6,960 7,751 7,652
  NSF 70,709 70,247 66,663 68,930 64,442 61,554 58,262 57,197 53,196 55,462
  USDA 931 1,385 752 271 108 18 6 240 305 423
  Other 13,759 12,011 13,732 11,220 11,393 11,297 12,855 11,579 7,400 6,772

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Headcount of R&D personnel: 2023–17 [temporarily discontinued]
Year
2023 . . . .
2022 . . . .
2021 . . . .
2020 . . . .
2019 3,271 507 2,764 .
2018 3,506 497 3,009 .
2017 2,883 482 2,401 .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field: 2023–14
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space 2023 2021 2019 2017 2015
  All research space 799 791 707 718 616
    Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Biological and biomedical sciences 206 203 129 129 112
    Computer and information sciences 35 28 25 20 18
    Engineering 211 188 200 207 147
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 36 38 31 30 30
    Health sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Mathematics and statistics 22 21 25 25 24
    Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0
    Physical sciences 228 239 200 208 208
    Psychology 11 12 26 26 26
    Social sciences 51 61 70 73 51
    Other 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

New construction of science and engineering research space, by field and time of construction: 2025–16
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space . 206,310 . . . 0
    Agricultural sciences . 5,346 . . . 0
    Biological and biomedical sciences . 49,783 . . . 0
    Computer and information sciences . 1,750 . . . 0
    Engineering . 86,399 . . . 0
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences . 52,900 . . . 0
    Social sciences . 10,132 . . . 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

Costs for repair and renovation of science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field and time of repair and renovation: 2025–16
(Dollars in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space 56,239 57,153 54,207 69,966 44,656
    Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Biological and biomedical sciences 31,355 5,278 17,758 5,100 8,643
    Computer and information sciences 0 0 2,445 1,266 382
    Engineering 7,522 47,359 27,874 5,455 22,217
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 1,702 3,512 0 2,042 514
    Health sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Mathematics and statistics 0 350 301 0 11,150
    Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0
    Physical sciences 15,660 654 5,829 11,528 1,310
    Psychology 0 0 0 0 0
    Social sciences 0 0 0 44,575 440
    Other 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities