U. California, San Diego

Rankings

Data year Earned doctorates Full-time graduate students Total R&D expenditures
Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked
2023 22 95.5 459 26 96.4 679 14 97.9 602 8 99.2 914
2022 22 95.4 457 20 97.2 680 7 99.3 900
2021 23 95.1 447 22 97 691 10 98.5 583 7 99.4 908
2020 24 94.9 450 23 96.9 698 6 99.5 916
2019 26 94.4 447 21 97.2 697 10 98.5 589 6 99.5 914
2018 27 94 428 20 97.3 700 7 99.4 911
2017 20 95.6 425 23 96.8 684 12 98.1 575 7 99.3 898
2016 20 95.6 430 26 96.4 697 7 99.3 896
2015 22 95.1 426 27 96.3 693 10 98.4 570 5 99.6 898
2014 25 94.4 422 35 95.1 688 6 99.4 889
NOTES:
  • 1. See TableBuilder for the prior year data.
  • 2. Blank white cells indicate data not available, not applicable, or institution not eligible for survey.
  • 3. Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

Data

Number of earned doctorates, by trend major field of study of recipients: 2023–14
Fields 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All fields 537 545 490 512 492 471 520 521 501 481
  Science and engineering 480 481 444 457 438 410 466 443 447 414
    Agricultural sciences and natural resources . . . . 1 . . . 3 .
      Agricultural sciences . . . . . . . . 1 .
      Natural resources and conservation . . . . 1 . . . 2 .
    Biological and biomedical sciences 111 136 95 100 101 90 109 87 93 98
      Biochemistry and biophysics 9 14 8 9 7 5 9 6 13 12
      Biology and biomedical sciences, general 38 38 33 33 19 25 23 25 19 21
      Bioinformatics, biostatistics, and computational biology 23 21 11 23 14 14 8 10 14 14
      Cellular and developmental biology, and anatomy . 1 . 2 2 3 10 5 7 6
      Ecology, evolutionary biology, and epidemiology 2 12 6 5 6 . 6 3 6 6
      Genetics and genomics 5 4 1 2 3 7 3 1 4 1
      Microbiology and immunology 6 9 5 5 6 4 11 6 8 6
      Molecular biology 6 8 9 2 4 5 12 10 6 8
      Neurobiology and neurosciences 18 22 20 15 33 22 20 19 11 17
      Pharmacology and toxicology . 1 . 1 1 . 2 1 1 .
      Physiology, pathology, and cancer biology 2 5 1 2 2 2 5 1 3 5
      Biology and biomedical sciences, other 2 1 1 1 4 3 . . 1 2
    Computer and information sciences 31 33 15 35 20 25 24 15 22 20
      Computer science 28 30 14 33 18 23 24 12 22 20
      Computer and information sciences, other 3 3 1 2 2 2 . 3 . .
    Engineering 162 154 159 148 133 125 128 115 117 106
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 7 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 .
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 31 15 23 23 22 23 20 25 25 17
      Chemical and petroleum engineering 6 6 6 3 2 1 6 2 . 1
      Civil, environmental, and transportation engineering 8 16 9 19 10 5 16 10 15 6
      Electrical and computer engineering 53 40 54 37 42 37 27 35 34 44
      Industrial engineering and operations research 1 1 . 1 . . . 1 1 .
      Materials and mining engineering 28 30 29 24 25 23 28 20 19 18
      Mechanical engineering 12 21 17 17 17 16 12 9 16 13
      Engineering, other 16 23 20 23 14 19 18 12 5 7
    Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 39 29 35 35 40 45 32 43 26 33
      Geological sciences 9 6 4 6 9 8 5 10 4 6
      Ocean, marine, and atmospheric sciences 30 23 31 29 31 37 27 33 22 27
    Health sciences . 1 8 4 6 1 13 15 9 12
      Pharmaceutical sciences . . . . . . . . . .
      Public health . 1 6 3 4 . 12 12 9 9
      Health sciences, other . . 2 1 2 1 1 3 . 3
    Mathematics and statistics 14 21 13 15 21 14 16 20 16 16
      Applied mathematics 1 1 2 1 2 1 3 3 4 2
      Mathematics 3 3 1 7 6 2 4 6 8 9
      Statistics 1 6 2 1 3 3 2 . . .
      Mathematics and statistics, other 9 11 8 6 10 8 7 11 4 5
    Physical sciences 48 49 64 56 50 54 54 56 66 60
      Astronomy and astrophysics 6 5 3 3 1 . 7 2 3 5
      Chemistry 26 31 39 30 20 22 29 31 31 31
      Physics 16 13 22 23 29 32 18 23 32 24
    Psychology 23 17 12 16 16 5 31 26 32 26
      Clinical psychology 6 1 3 6 5 . 12 11 12 10
      Counseling and applied psychology . . . . . . . . 1 .
      Research and experimental psychology 15 16 9 10 11 4 17 15 18 15
      Psychology, other 2 . . . . 1 2 . 1 1
    Social sciences 52 41 43 48 50 51 59 66 63 43
      Anthropology 1 5 9 5 4 7 4 6 8 4
      Economics 15 14 17 22 15 14 26 15 25 13
      Political science and government 9 8 7 5 14 11 9 13 14 11
      Sociology, demography, and population studies 9 6 1 6 8 6 7 11 6 7
      Social sciences, other 18 8 9 10 9 13 13 21 10 8
  Non-science and engineering 57 64 46 55 54 61 54 78 54 67
    Business 2 5 4 3 1 4 2 3 1 .
      Business 2 5 4 3 1 4 2 3 1 .
    Education 27 16 13 18 9 15 14 22 12 22
      Education leadership and administration 12 10 7 15 6 13 4 9 5 16
      Education research 5 . . . 3 . 3 3 3 3
      Teacher education and teaching fields 1 1 1 2 . 1 4 6 4 3
      Education, other 9 5 5 1 . 1 3 4 . .
    Humanities and arts 23 36 27 29 41 37 30 43 35 38
      Letters 5 2 5 3 5 5 5 7 5 11
      Foreign languages and literature 1 2 1 1 . . . 1 2 1
      History 8 10 5 5 12 13 6 5 9 8
      Philosophy and religious studies 3 6 5 4 6 2 3 10 4 6
      Music and performing arts 2 10 5 13 12 12 7 6 9 10
      Humanities and arts, other 4 6 6 3 6 5 9 14 6 2
    Other non-science and engineering 5 7 2 5 3 5 8 10 6 7
      Communication 2 4 1 5 3 5 8 9 6 7
      Non-science and engineering, other 3 3 1 . . . . 1 . .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2023–14
All races 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
    Male 3,367 3,580 3,368 3,007 3,272 3,199 2,893 2,803 2,608 2,360
    Female 1,924 1,958 1,824 1,670 1,736 1,587 1,441 1,458 1,308 1,217
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents 2,515 2,606 2,618 2,489 2,421 2,385 2,197 2,247 2,261 2,294
    Hispanic or Latino 386 400 394 323 325 305 255 247 238 216
    Not Hispanic or Latino 2,008 2,094 2,108 1,857 2,000 1,986 1,837 1,861 1,895 1,942
      American Indian or Alaska Native 8 12 9 5 8 8 11 16 21 23
      Asian 665 702 651 561 563 542 579 574 562 560
      Black or African American 69 71 66 45 55 47 71 77 70 65
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 4 4 1 1 2 2 2 7 8 8
      White 1,093 1,144 1,214 1,115 1,235 1,252 1,162 1,174 1,224 1,272
      More than one race 169 161 167 130 137 135 12 13 10 14
    Unknown ethnicity and race 121 112 116 309 96 94 105 139 128 136
  Temporary visa holders 2,776 2,932 2,574 2,188 2,587 2,401 2,137 2,014 1,655 1,283
  Science and engineering 5,273 5,519 5,192 4,677 5,008 4,786 4,334 4,201 3,916 3,577
    Science 3,495 3,604 3,154 2,809 2,879 2,859 2,532 2,532 2,591 2,443
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 859 814 782 760 766 737 693 536 520 504
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 41 49 49
      Computer and information sciences 854 983 797 468 583 612 491 527 473 338
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 312 309 316 285 261 266 271 269 258 268
      Mathematics and statistics 182 208 181 161 156 174 144 126 130 127
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 314 211 113 116 126 108 121 114 199 162
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 556 620 505 488 478 461 427 411 432 436
      Psychology 76 73 70 131 122 116 41 42 50 50
      Social sciences 342 386 390 400 387 385 344 372 386 420
    Engineering 1,778 1,915 2,038 1,868 2,129 1,927 1,802 1,669 1,325 1,134
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 37 45 45 37 28 18 20 20 24 21
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 367 359 442 390 411 397 347 264 183 174
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 39 52 61 47 66 54 74 61 44 33
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 137 141 139 160 164 169 184 195 193 163
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 794 929 667 565 765 605 503 467 503 435
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 69 74 103 103 98 111 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 242 231 262 232 229 237 193 181 180 130
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 183 185 185 186 212 212 175 155
      Other engineering 162 158 170 178 178 158 171 158 23 23
  Health 18 19 0 0 0 0 0 60 0 0
    Clinical medicine 18 19 0 0 0 0 0 60 0 0
    Other health 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Part-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2023–14
All races 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
    Male 232 267 185 240 232 187 185 161 121 99
    Female 83 102 56 86 71 61 62 47 27 43
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents 184 216 181 173 168 152 133 113 118 117
    Hispanic or Latino 33 38 21 16 12 14 13 10 10 9
    Not Hispanic or Latino 140 167 148 137 148 125 111 96 99 96
      American Indian or Alaska Native 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
      Asian 68 89 73 59 58 49 35 41 44 30
      Black or African American 6 3 1 3 3 4 2 1 2 3
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      White 60 60 63 65 77 65 74 54 52 63
      More than one race 6 14 10 10 10 7 0 0 0 0
    Unknown ethnicity and race 11 11 12 20 8 13 9 7 9 12
  Temporary visa holders 131 153 60 153 135 96 114 95 30 25
  Science and engineering 315 369 241 326 303 248 247 208 148 142
    Science 167 190 91 171 152 103 107 103 67 65
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 7 10 5 4 9 8 6 5 7 12
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 3
      Computer and information sciences 110 142 51 135 115 64 86 72 32 22
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 3 4 2 3 6 1 4 2 5 2
      Mathematics and statistics 4 2 1 1 6 3 3 4 3 4
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 6 3 3 3 5 11 4 5 3 8
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 22 16 14 16 8 9 2 7 5 6
      Psychology 2 0 3 3 0 1 0 0 0 1
      Social sciences 13 13 12 6 3 6 2 8 11 7
    Engineering 148 179 150 155 151 145 140 105 81 77
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 3 7 6 1 4 3 4 6 5 4
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 15 21 17 11 26 22 16 10 3 14
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 2 4 3 3 6 7 10 5 2 1
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 25 26 31 26 21 20 20 3 1 3
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 66 73 51 67 54 34 31 23 44 41
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 5 8 5 10 11 6 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 23 35 15 22 20 30 35 36 19 10
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 12 6 10 12 9 10 5 1
      Other engineering 14 13 10 11 5 7 4 6 2 3
  Health 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Clinical medicine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Other health 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health receiving primary support from federal sources, by field: 2023–14
Field 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All surveyed fields 791 905 478 730 1,167 1,127 1,125 1,120 1,103 1,067
  Science and engineering 790 905 478 730 1,167 1,127 1,125 1,081 1,103 1,067
    Science 622 707 388 555 763 744 790 750 804 847
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 318 343 248 269 316 336 382 290 289 307
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
      Computer and information sciences 37 50 12 27 68 48 48 53 77 90
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 92 108 39 78 111 119 130 129 132 143
      Mathematics and statistics 11 9 11 8 12 14 11 8 12 10
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 33 37 30 29 39 29 33 29 63 53
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 121 142 40 89 162 147 180 168 153 164
      Psychology 4 6 1 47 44 43 3 5 6 6
      Social sciences 6 12 7 8 11 8 3 9 8 17
    Engineering 168 198 90 175 404 383 335 331 299 220
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 9 5 2 5 4 6 3 5 4 4
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 67 89 36 69 106 108 84 77 75 69
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 2 7 3 8 12 3 9 8 10 8
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 11 11 7 9 24 29 39 21 46 19
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 31 35 14 24 84 84 70 60 75 51
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 1 5 15 24 10 14 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 23 17 7 18 40 39 30 23 24 44
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 9 12 67 54 48 66 54 6
      Other engineering 25 34 11 25 52 36 42 57 11 19
  Health 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 39 0 0
    Clinical medicine 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 39 0 0
    Other health 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by type and primary source of support: 2023–14
Type and primary source of support 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All types and sources of support 5,291 5,538 5,192 4,677 5,008 4,786 4,334 4,261 3,916 3,577
  Fellowships 870 839 766 835 850 845 753 893 861 779
    Federal 213 219 269 313 358 325 337 326 314 325
    Institutional 613 556 482 505 402 448 335 484 454 372
    Nonfederal 44 64 15 17 90 72 81 83 93 82
  Research assistantships 2,861 2,776 2,806 1,334 1,334 1,250 1,200 1,180 1,163 1,077
    Federal 578 686 209 417 807 795 780 788 782 730
    Institutional 2,255 2,062 2,549 807 256 242 301 278 265 237
    Nonfederal 28 28 48 110 271 213 119 114 116 110
  Teaching assistantships 170 361 172 1,408 1,199 1,273 1,114 1,040 992 1,081
    Federal 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0
    Institutional 170 361 172 1,408 1,199 1,272 1,108 1,040 992 1,081
    Nonfederal 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
  Other types of support 1,390 1,562 1,448 1,100 1,625 1,418 1,267 1,148 900 640
    Federal 0 0 0 0 2 7 2 6 7 12
    Institutional 20 24 7 33 54 48 24 57 32 54
    Nonfederal 0 0 6 0 13 27 15 39 22 12
    Personal resources 1,370 1,538 1,435 1,067 1,556 1,336 1,226 1,046 839 562

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Postdoctorates in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2023–14
All races 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
  Science and engineering 690 681 675 727 728 716 795 838 828 890
    Science 528 509 514 558 574 552 641 687 709 754
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 232 213 206 243 254 157 255 272 276 321
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 3 2
      Computer and information sciences 22 22 22 18 24 27 24 36 38 36
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 112 99 102 116 105 102 113 111 115 107
      Mathematics and statistics 2 7 8 10 6 8 10 8 10 12
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 26 23 15 20 19 104 100 11 35 41
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 110 110 116 121 137 126 114 135 130 148
      Psychology 7 13 15 12 10 9 10 23 22 31
      Social sciences 17 22 30 18 19 19 15 12 10 7
    Engineering 162 172 161 169 154 164 154 151 119 136
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 32 41 40 47 34 38 46 41 36 42
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 7 10 7 10 8 12 14 12 12 12
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 23 24 18 27 25 25 25 24 27 33
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 27 28 27 22 22 28 19 24 25 29
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
      Other engineering 73 69 69 63 65 61 50 50 19 19
  Health 498 474 454 456 514 551 460 481 422 448
    Clinical medicine 464 440 421 423 476 465 418 437 376 392
    Other health 34 34 33 33 38 86 42 44 46 56

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Federally supported science, engineering, and health postdoctorates, by field: 2023–14
Field 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All surveyed fields 732 705 724 730 787 723 773 780 725 735
  Science and engineering 412 412 427 431 452 404 498 509 471 455
    Science 305 311 328 323 359 307 401 423 413 385
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 135 135 139 159 159 110 168 157 162 190
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 10 6 8 9 10 10 9 16 11 18
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 61 61 69 66 77 56 64 77 77 0
      Mathematics and statistics 0 3 6 5 4 5 7 6 8 9
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 11 11 9 8 12 31 62 6 22 24
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 79 75 83 66 91 89 82 94 82 98
      Psychology 4 12 13 8 5 5 6 16 13 23
      Social sciences 5 8 1 2 1 1 3 5 3 2
    Engineering 107 101 99 108 93 97 97 86 58 70
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 15 25 26 31 23 25 27 23 15 21
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 3 3 4 7 1 6 8 6 5 3
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 17 14 12 14 14 12 12 13 12 22
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 19 20 17 14 16 22 15 15 14 13
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
      Other engineering 53 39 40 42 39 32 35 29 12 10
  Health 320 293 297 299 335 319 275 271 254 280
    Clinical medicine 295 272 276 279 317 277 256 252 233 252
    Other health 25 21 21 20 18 42 19 19 21 28

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Total R&D expenditures, by field: 2023–14
(Dollars in thousands)
Field 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
  All R&D fields 1,705,410 1,533,357 1,425,499 1,403,735 1,353,763 1,265,196 1,133,454 1,087,117 1,101,466 1,067,388
    Science 1,475,264 1,294,383 1,207,533 1,212,853 1,171,266 1,105,575 1,001,236 964,783 976,614 940,517
      Computer and information sciences 37,484 28,879 46,962 30,370 28,302 35,158 28,217 27,630 39,791 34,501
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 245,278 187,175 185,870 201,331 180,626 159,294 186,827 166,470 169,678 181,434
        Atmospheric science and meteorology 0 2,031 7,727 33,205 27,028 25,462 22,577 21,690 22,947 21,360
        Geological and earth sciences 54,139 46,032 38,898 36,871 31,144 31,658 35,783 33,001 35,276 40,847
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences 191,139 139,029 139,245 131,255 122,454 102,174 128,467 111,779 111,455 119,227
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec 0 83 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Life sciences 1,043,913 915,619 827,370 828,401 819,167 782,882 667,478 650,484 642,371 601,452
        Agricultural sciences 0 303 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Biological and biomedical sciences 68,124 59,696 63,846 62,532 64,858 57,996 43,526 37,667 34,578 36,257
        Health sciences 975,237 854,614 762,778 765,869 754,309 724,886 623,952 612,817 607,793 565,191
        Natural resources and conservation 552 674 593 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Life sciences nec 0 332 153 0 0 0 0 0 0 4
      Mathematics and statistics 5,471 6,383 5,639 4,857 5,466 4,478 5,328 5,008 5,211 5,200
      Physical sciences 105,927 97,804 86,893 94,124 85,322 67,509 67,380 68,169 71,434 70,812
        Astronomy and astrophysics 15,418 3,159 1,552 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Chemistry 39,537 33,116 27,339 27,429 32,067 22,362 28,237 30,337 34,573 35,526
        Materials science 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Physics 33,763 58,691 56,983 66,169 52,798 44,584 38,677 37,207 36,065 34,221
        Physical sciences nec 17,209 2,838 1,019 526 457 563 466 625 796 1,065
      Psychology 13,623 19,075 18,645 20,113 18,932 20,042 17,837 18,909 18,632 19,349
      Social sciences 23,568 31,031 22,940 19,942 20,178 19,932 16,269 16,273 17,581 17,809
        Anthropology 239 2,431 659 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Economics 4,672 4,992 3,624 2,777 3,106 2,923 1,883 2,308 2,088 1,854
        Political science and government 3,767 9,660 9,643 12,843 11,997 12,797 11,173 9,999 11,012 10,552
        Sociology, demography, and population studies 5,359 6,137 4,336 2,329 2,928 2,383 2,039 2,630 3,103 3,746
        Social sciences nec 9,531 7,811 4,678 1,993 2,147 1,829 1,174 1,336 1,378 1,657
      Sciences nec 0 8,417 13,214 13,715 13,273 16,280 11,900 11,840 11,916 9,960
    Engineering 176,720 212,583 177,564 182,495 172,919 150,596 125,033 114,646 117,170 119,690
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 90 898 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 26,273 65,665 59,417 53,586 53,954 44,987 38,630 35,265 33,087 31,792
      Chemical engineering 0 52 70 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Civil engineering 9,627 689 815 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering 80,563 101,813 81,213 83,383 80,480 73,634 62,090 57,532 59,730 62,219
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 23,530 19,971 16,253 14,973 15,857 12,588 11,232 12,064 14,397 14,661
      Metallurgical and materials engineering 28,094 3,228 303 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Engineering nec 8,633 21,075 18,595 30,553 22,628 19,387 13,081 9,785 9,956 11,018
    Non-S&E 53,426 26,391 40,402 8,387 9,578 9,025 7,185 7,688 7,682 7,181
      Business management and business administration 7,971 637 576 664 1,231 1,076 828 579 719 1,608
      Communication and communications technologies 1,076 593 406 1,164 1,230 1,072 385 488 338 230
      Education 15,476 6,683 6,065 2,515 2,742 2,353 2,236 2,486 2,811 2,603
      Humanities 3,211 4,290 1,920 2,131 2,437 2,181 2,052 1,729 1,714 1,355
      Law 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Social work 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Visual and performing arts 1,813 1,492 1,668 1,428 1,360 1,322 1,235 1,756 1,688 975
      Non-S&E nec 23,879 12,696 29,767 485 578 1,021 449 650 412 410

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Total R&D expenditures, by source of funds and R&D field: 2023
(Dollars in thousands)
Field All R&D expenditures Federal government State and local government Institution funds Business Nonprofit organizations All other sources
  All R&D fields 1,705,410 1,083,790 70,790 250,973 96,416 109,398 94,043
    Science 1,475,264 939,520 66,335 214,062 86,067 92,663 76,617
      Computer and information sciences 37,484 34,673 203 2,169 3 132 304
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 245,278 169,439 23,654 23,766 16,517 4,974 6,928
        Atmospheric science and meteorology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Geological and earth sciences 54,139 23,281 4,848 7,705 15,397 973 1,935
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences 191,139 146,158 18,806 16,061 1,120 4,001 4,993
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Life sciences 1,043,913 642,446 39,327 168,425 68,066 64,441 61,208
        Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Biological and biomedical sciences 68,124 49,008 0 12,820 287 4,473 1,536
        Health sciences 975,237 593,438 39,327 155,053 67,779 59,968 59,672
        Natural resources and conservation 552 0 0 552 0 0 0
        Life sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mathematics and statistics 5,471 3,043 905 815 17 402 289
      Physical sciences 105,927 70,946 1,482 10,603 1,375 18,918 2,603
        Astronomy and astrophysics 15,418 4,935 0 2,122 0 7,176 1,185
        Chemistry 39,537 30,706 253 3,548 1,082 3,389 559
        Materials science 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Physics 33,763 22,834 0 2,815 0 7,990 124
        Physical sciences nec 17,209 12,471 1,229 2,118 293 363 735
      Psychology 13,623 11,000 0 1,072 10 741 800
      Social sciences 23,568 7,973 764 7,212 79 3,055 4,485
        Anthropology 239 0 0 197 0 0 42
        Economics 4,672 737 546 1,436 3 1,398 552
        Political science and government 3,767 766 0 1,321 76 1,045 559
        Sociology, demography, and population studies 5,359 4,688 0 210 0 398 63
        Social sciences nec 9,531 1,782 218 4,048 0 214 3,269
      Sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Engineering 176,720 114,380 1,686 26,408 7,935 11,474 14,837
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 26,273 17,408 120 1,543 609 5,900 693
      Chemical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Civil engineering 9,627 7,801 357 867 287 47 268
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering 80,563 47,061 1,063 16,085 4,123 3,714 8,517
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 23,530 18,872 0 2,428 455 425 1,350
      Metallurgical and materials engineering 28,094 23,238 146 688 2,461 1,387 174
      Engineering nec 8,633 0 0 4,797 0 1 3,835
    Non-S&E 53,426 29,890 2,769 10,503 2,414 5,261 2,589
      Business management and business administration 7,971 3,271 271 755 2,144 1,184 346
      Communication and communications technologies 1,076 319 0 422 51 217 67
      Education 15,476 8,746 725 3,375 0 2,272 358
      Humanities 3,211 899 0 1,740 0 68 504
      Law 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Social work 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Visual and performing arts 1,813 93 0 1,103 0 452 165
      Non-S&E nec 23,879 16,562 1,773 3,108 219 1,068 1,149

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Federally funded R&D expenditures, by federal agency: 2023–14
(Dollars in thousands)
Source of funds 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
Federal Agencies 1,083,790 970,696 801,117 727,289 698,925 635,888 641,469 604,298 603,343 599,095
  DOD 126,228 104,632 79,587 119,510 98,923 70,315 92,171 77,522 75,438 81,182
  DOE 38,680 38,141 24,307 30,822 28,043 23,835 22,283 19,793 20,159 20,934
  HHS 688,073 627,145 446,030 442,934 435,980 416,124 399,294 380,903 365,739 374,466
  NASA 16,704 13,781 10,171 10,676 13,221 10,075 9,310 8,555 6,977 7,360
  NSF 163,266 129,565 90,861 88,909 88,746 82,032 87,057 84,550 100,820 84,906
  USDA 3,062 2,511 1,472 1,115 1,176 1,069 771 326 306 573
  Other 47,777 54,921 148,689 33,323 32,836 32,438 30,583 32,649 33,904 29,674

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Headcount of R&D personnel: 2023–17 [temporarily discontinued]
Year
2023 . . . .
2022 . . . .
2021 . . . .
2020 . . . .
2019 11,195 1,130 10,065 .
2018 10,935 1,096 9,839 .
2017 10,843 1,067 9,776 .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field: 2023–14
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space 2023 2021 2019 2017 2015
  All research space 2,659 2,895 2,951 2,742 2,694
    Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Biological and biomedical sciences 344 335 301 319 318
    Computer and information sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Engineering 539 659 674 548 547
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 348 339 332 341 339
    Health sciences 734 814 858 907 874
    Mathematics and statistics 26 19 17 16 16
    Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0
    Physical sciences 269 292 285 262 271
    Psychology 54 61 59 54 59
    Social sciences 117 135 133 117 106
    Other 229 242 292 177 165

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

New construction of science and engineering research space, by field and time of construction: 2025–16
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space 108,000 60,000 . 5,180 76,900
    Biological and biomedical sciences 25,091 7,000 . 2,590 42,680
    Engineering 0 0 . 0 3,700
    Health sciences 82,909 53,000 . 2,590 0
    Physical sciences 0 0 . 0 30,520

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

Costs for repair and renovation of science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field and time of repair and renovation: 2025–16
(Dollars in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space 35,800 56,097 148,277 158,364 21,739
    Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Biological and biomedical sciences 1,200 11,545 19,188 27,415 445
    Computer and information sciences 5,200 0 0 0 0
    Engineering 6,000 21,355 21,239 1,652 400
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 0 6,252 17,955 52,397 16,884
    Health sciences 4,800 15,297 32,262 61,561 1,664
    Mathematics and statistics 9,000 0 482 1,010 0
    Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0
    Physical sciences 8,600 500 9,835 13,510 485
    Psychology 0 648 1,100 0 1,012
    Social sciences 1,000 500 46,216 0 849
    Other 0 0 0 820 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities