U. North Dakota

Rankings

Data year Earned doctorates Full-time graduate students Total R&D expenditures
Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked
2023 168 63.9 459 226 67.2 679 186 69.5 602 144 84.5 914
2022 175 62.2 457 224 67.5 680 150 83.6 900
2021 178 60.7 447 224 68 691 183 69 583 148 84 908
2020 178 61 450 231 67.3 698 157 83.1 916
2019 169 62.7 447 247 65 697 194 67.5 589 153 83.5 914
2018 180 58.5 428 238 66.4 700 153 83.5 911
2017 165 61.7 425 226 67.4 684 194 66.7 575 150 83.6 898
2016 178 59.2 430 232 67.1 697 167 81.6 896
2015 179 58.5 426 247 64.8 693 162 72 570 170 81.4 898
2014 196 54.1 422 246 64.7 688 166 81.6 889
NOTES:
  • 1. See TableBuilder for the prior year data.
  • 2. Blank white cells indicate data not available, not applicable, or institution not eligible for survey.
  • 3. Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

Data

Number of earned doctorates, by trend major field of study of recipients: 2023–14
Fields 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All fields 82 79 69 71 81 73 87 72 74 57
  Science and engineering 66 49 46 49 54 49 46 41 47 39
    Agricultural sciences and natural resources 1 . . . . 1 . . . .
      Natural resources and conservation 1 . . . . 1 . . . .
    Biological and biomedical sciences 5 11 4 13 11 9 9 11 12 5
      Biochemistry and biophysics . . . 1 3 2 2 3 . .
      Biology and biomedical sciences, general 3 8 2 7 1 . 1 . 1 .
      Bioinformatics, biostatistics, and computational biology . 1 . . . . . . . .
      Cellular and developmental biology, and anatomy . 1 . 2 . . 2 . 3 .
      Ecology, evolutionary biology, and epidemiology 1 . . . . . 1 . . .
      Genetics and genomics . . . . 1 . . . . .
      Microbiology and immunology 1 . . . 2 4 1 4 4 1
      Molecular biology . . 1 2 1 . 1 2 . .
      Neurobiology and neurosciences . . . . 1 3 . 1 4 1
      Pharmacology and toxicology . . . . . . . . . 1
      Physiology, pathology, and cancer biology . . . . . . 1 1 . 1
      Biology and biomedical sciences, other . 1 1 1 2 . . . . 1
    Computer and information sciences . 1 . 1 2 . 1 1 . .
      Computer science . 1 . 1 1 . . 1 . .
      Computer and information sciences, other . . . . 1 . 1 . . .
    Engineering 31 16 16 15 8 9 7 7 5 6
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 4 4 1 2 1 1 3 1 . .
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 3 2 . . . 1 . . . .
      Chemical and petroleum engineering 15 2 8 9 3 2 2 2 3 5
      Civil, environmental, and transportation engineering 1 3 4 1 2 2 . 1 . .
      Electrical and computer engineering 1 4 1 2 1 3 1 3 2 .
      Materials and mining engineering 1 . . . . . . . . .
      Mechanical engineering . . . . . . 1 . . .
      Engineering, other 6 1 2 1 1 . . . . 1
    Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 1 3 1 2 5 2 1 4 4 3
      Geological sciences . 2 1 1 2 . . 2 3 3
      Ocean, marine, and atmospheric sciences 1 1 . 1 3 2 1 2 1 .
    Health sciences 4 . 2 3 3 4 2 5 2 3
      Nursing science 2 . 1 3 3 3 2 5 2 3
      Public health 2 . . . . . . . . .
      Health sciences, other . . 1 . . 1 . . . .
    Physical sciences 6 5 1 5 6 9 5 3 8 3
      Astronomy and astrophysics . 1 . 1 3 . . 1 3 .
      Chemistry 5 4 . 3 3 5 3 2 5 2
      Physics 1 . 1 1 . 4 2 . . 1
    Psychology 15 12 19 9 16 13 20 7 14 18
      Clinical psychology 5 4 9 2 7 5 9 4 8 7
      Counseling and applied psychology 5 7 6 2 5 2 4 2 5 8
      Research and experimental psychology 5 1 2 3 1 4 3 . 1 3
      Psychology, other . . 2 2 3 2 4 1 . .
    Social sciences 3 1 3 1 3 2 1 3 2 1
      Anthropology 1 . . . . . . . . .
      Sociology, demography, and population studies . . . . 1 . . . . .
      Social sciences, other 2 1 3 1 2 2 1 3 2 1
  Non-science and engineering 16 30 23 22 27 24 41 31 27 18
    Business . . . . . . . . 1 .
      Business . . . . . . . . 1 .
    Education 14 26 20 19 24 21 40 20 23 17
      Education leadership and administration 1 . 3 4 14 6 5 3 6 3
      Education research 7 11 9 10 6 12 26 6 13 8
      Teacher education and teaching fields 6 15 5 3 3 3 8 6 3 5
      Education, other . . 3 2 1 . 1 5 1 1
    Humanities and arts 2 2 . 2 3 3 1 7 1 .
      Letters 2 2 . 1 3 2 . 5 1 .
      History . . . 1 . 1 1 1 . .
      Philosophy and religious studies . . . . . . . 1 . .
    Other non-science and engineering . 2 3 1 . . . 4 2 1
      Communication . 2 3 1 . . . 4 2 1

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2023–14
All races 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
    Male 279 273 256 216 185 206 233 256 228 219
    Female 287 276 246 219 203 212 225 232 192 202
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents 324 333 322 293 268 255 284 315 268 266
    Hispanic or Latino 22 14 13 14 16 13 11 15 8 6
    Not Hispanic or Latino 300 318 304 272 244 236 268 292 250 245
      American Indian or Alaska Native 18 26 26 21 8 10 12 8 8 11
      Asian 15 13 12 11 7 9 8 5 2 1
      Black or African American 14 18 19 16 11 9 8 10 3 6
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      White 227 239 234 210 204 192 224 253 226 218
      More than one race 25 21 13 14 14 16 16 16 11 9
    Unknown ethnicity and race 2 1 5 7 8 6 5 8 10 15
  Temporary visa holders 242 216 180 142 120 163 174 173 152 155
  Science and engineering 477 450 405 345 315 342 387 421 361 366
    Science 303 271 238 216 214 233 280 337 291 299
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 12 14
      Biological and biomedical sciences 72 55 49 30 49 53 60 67 75 72
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 5
      Computer and information sciences 26 23 18 15 8 13 18 25 17 24
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 28 34 33 32 30 25 33 43 40 43
      Mathematics and statistics 8 9 9 6 8 8 11 10 10 6
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 23 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 16 10 12 9 12 13 13 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 47 35 20 25 25 32 39 38 36 37
      Psychology 81 91 83 92 73 73 75 81 54 60
      Social sciences 19 14 14 7 9 16 31 37 45 38
    Engineering 174 179 167 129 101 109 107 84 70 67
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 24 14 16 15 6 6 5 0 0 0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 57 65 90 58 49 47 44 18 12 12
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 25 31 17 14 12 12 15 14 9 9
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 16 18 12 11 9 12 16 24 12 13
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 21 19 13 16 9 17 17 17 18 19
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 9 5 3 4 3 5 7 5 1 0
      Other engineering 22 26 15 11 13 10 3 6 18 14
  Health 89 99 97 90 73 76 71 67 59 55
    Clinical medicine 38 54 50 38 20 18 19 18 18 18
    Other health 51 45 47 52 53 58 52 49 41 37

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Part-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2023–14
All races 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
    Male 311 298 271 268 223 162 159 273 161 166
    Female 235 251 246 218 196 156 160 190 132 137
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents 466 453 426 418 358 269 267 415 254 270
    Hispanic or Latino 37 28 32 21 17 11 16 20 12 11
    Not Hispanic or Latino 419 415 384 385 327 247 240 379 233 245
      American Indian or Alaska Native 23 21 18 14 8 5 3 3 3 2
      Asian 22 21 15 15 14 6 2 8 4 3
      Black or African American 42 37 32 37 27 14 11 13 8 1
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      White 313 314 298 298 254 206 208 342 208 228
      More than one race 19 22 21 21 24 16 16 13 10 11
    Unknown ethnicity and race 10 10 10 12 14 11 11 16 9 14
  Temporary visa holders 80 96 91 68 61 49 52 48 39 33
  Science and engineering 506 485 451 436 376 284 285 423 284 299
    Science 329 290 284 308 271 200 216 385 249 262
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 11 10
      Biological and biomedical sciences 35 12 12 20 7 5 6 3 3 14
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 5 5
      Computer and information sciences 72 69 52 71 67 14 8 14 17 14
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 20 13 12 9 10 14 19 16 20 19
      Mathematics and statistics 8 5 0 0 1 2 1 3 1 0
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 136 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 19 17 6 9 8 7 10 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 6 8 13 9 11 2 4 3 1 3
      Psychology 116 128 130 115 98 99 101 88 85 89
      Social sciences 37 38 59 75 69 57 67 108 106 108
    Engineering 177 195 167 128 105 84 69 38 35 37
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 30 35 20 14 6 2 3 0 0 0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 38 52 42 45 26 26 13 6 5 5
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 20 22 30 15 8 7 9 5 4 2
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 36 30 28 23 23 20 24 14 10 9
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 4 2 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 18 21 21 16 22 16 15 8 9 11
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 2 3 2 3 4 1 1 0 0 0
      Other engineering 29 30 21 11 16 12 4 5 7 10
  Health 40 64 66 50 43 34 34 40 9 4
    Clinical medicine 23 48 47 34 25 18 16 11 9 3
    Other health 17 16 19 16 18 16 18 29 0 1

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health receiving primary support from federal sources, by field: 2023–14
Field 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All surveyed fields 17 3 22 7 16 0 9 25 70 73
  Science and engineering 17 3 17 7 16 0 7 17 70 73
    Science 12 3 9 7 16 0 7 14 56 59
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 17 20
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 5 4 5
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 8 3 3 6 9 0 3 3 25 25
      Mathematics and statistics 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 7
      Psychology 3 0 4 1 4 0 3 3 0 0
      Social sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 2
    Engineering 5 0 8 0 0 0 0 3 14 14
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 4 4
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 2 2 2
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 3
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 5 4
  Health 0 0 5 0 0 0 2 8 0 0
    Clinical medicine 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Other health 0 0 4 0 0 0 2 8 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by type and primary source of support: 2023–14
Type and primary source of support 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All types and sources of support 566 549 502 435 388 418 458 488 420 421
  Fellowships 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Federal 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Institutional 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Nonfederal 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  Research assistantships 133 127 106 93 79 78 107 95 97 92
    Federal 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 6 67 71
    Institutional 133 127 106 93 78 78 107 87 21 12
    Nonfederal 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 9 9
  Teaching assistantships 100 99 98 84 62 16 70 117 22 21
    Federal 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0
    Institutional 100 99 98 84 62 16 70 112 22 21
    Nonfederal 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  Other types of support 333 323 298 258 247 324 281 276 301 308
    Federal 17 3 22 7 15 0 9 14 3 2
    Institutional 127 118 86 78 89 181 111 111 163 173
    Nonfederal 19 23 17 13 6 11 11 4 0 0
    Personal resources 170 179 173 160 137 132 150 147 135 133

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Postdoctorates in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2023–14
All races 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
  Science and engineering 31 37 39 43 39 29 30 36 24 21
    Science 30 32 36 41 35 26 29 34 23 20
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 3 3 2 0 0 2 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 22 20 23 27 25 22 24 25 16 13
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 2 2 2 3 1 1 0 0 1 1
      Mathematics and statistics 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 1 1 0 0 1 1 2 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 5 6 5 5 3 2 3 5 6 6
      Psychology 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
      Social sciences 0 0 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0
    Engineering 1 5 3 2 4 3 1 2 1 1
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 2 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 0 0 1 1 3 3 0 0 0 0
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1
  Health 0 0 4 4 3 4 0 0 0 0
    Clinical medicine 0 0 4 4 1 1 0 0 0 0
    Other health 0 0 0 0 2 3 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Federally supported science, engineering, and health postdoctorates, by field: 2023–14
Field 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All surveyed fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 16
  Science and engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 16
    Science 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 16
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 10
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
      Mathematics and statistics 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 5
      Psychology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Social sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  Health 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Clinical medicine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Other health 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Total R&D expenditures, by field: 2023–14
(Dollars in thousands)
Field 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
  All R&D fields 182,195 147,717 143,506 111,663 110,836 109,865 102,823 70,275 64,384 67,595
    Science 63,323 51,668 46,363 49,536 46,081 47,101 48,473 30,992 30,039 27,328
      Computer and information sciences 4,136 2,266 1,856 3,199 2,059 2,227 1,180 722 228 74
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 7,444 6,874 6,234 6,781 6,713 4,056 5,793 7,348 8,499 8,648
        Atmospheric science and meteorology 6,852 6,214 5,562 5,832 5,299 2,801 2,621 3,474 5,041 5,562
        Geological and earth sciences 592 660 672 949 1,414 1,255 2,979 3,874 3,267 2,736
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 193 0 191 350
      Life sciences 36,939 35,064 31,330 31,526 28,781 30,647 31,523 14,007 18,007 15,538
        Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Biological and biomedical sciences 18,742 18,631 17,556 17,478 16,722 18,184 18,794 10,706 14,853 12,464
        Health sciences 18,197 16,433 13,774 14,048 12,059 11,708 12,090 1,045 830 763
        Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 524 0 0 0 0
        Life sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 231 639 2,256 2,324 2,311
      Mathematics and statistics 444 348 372 434 383 384 381 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 7,486 3,641 2,964 3,489 3,607 3,119 6,041 6,945 1,330 1,583
        Astronomy and astrophysics 0 0 0 0 0 0 3,186 192 0 0
        Chemistry 2,880 2,972 2,152 2,212 2,720 2,306 2,437 5,475 1,102 1,403
        Materials science 0 0 0 154 0 0 0 1,262 0 0
        Physics 4,606 669 812 1,123 887 813 0 7 228 180
        Physical sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 418 9 0 0
      Psychology 4,993 1,682 1,713 1,506 1,135 1,640 1,613 501 49 0
      Social sciences 1,725 1,618 1,577 1,616 1,739 1,426 1,511 684 89 65
        Anthropology 31 23 81 109 159 96 80 634 0 0
        Economics 525 630 589 614 649 492 473 27 0 0
        Political science and government 398 283 370 393 291 247 262 0 45 0
        Sociology, demography, and population studies 217 235 146 155 178 144 154 0 0 22
        Social sciences nec 554 447 391 345 462 447 542 23 44 43
      Sciences nec 156 175 317 985 1,664 3,602 431 785 1,837 1,420
    Engineering 105,141 84,614 86,578 52,511 54,760 52,960 43,485 38,153 33,551 39,871
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 2,255 3,746 1,885 0 0
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical engineering 2,391 1,710 1,188 1,055 1,044 1,386 1,228 1,283 752 1,125
      Civil engineering 63,086 51,632 49,227 36,181 42,263 26,495 630 1,459 432 1,817
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering 4,742 2,542 2,656 1,899 1,741 1,276 1,731 385 182 167
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 2,990 1,935 1,434 906 745 944 1,036 671 710 546
      Metallurgical and materials engineering 1,095 891 902 827 752 774 907 2,067 0 0
      Engineering nec 30,837 25,904 31,171 11,643 8,215 19,830 34,207 30,403 31,475 36,216
    Non-S&E 13,731 11,435 10,565 9,616 9,995 9,804 10,865 1,130 794 396
      Business management and business administration 1,150 1,175 1,070 1,208 1,196 1,158 2,259 22 338 157
      Communication and communications technologies 1,125 456 304 406 409 225 407 0 0 15
      Education 5,819 4,019 3,015 2,654 2,619 1,699 1,574 65 206 74
      Humanities 1,639 1,603 1,676 1,619 1,911 1,794 1,702 36 19 8
      Law 1,703 1,807 1,955 886 851 1,511 537 0 0 0
      Social work 198 158 166 149 308 358 568 202 228 79
      Visual and performing arts 736 860 808 806 716 727 702 31 3 0
      Non-S&E nec 1,361 1,357 1,571 1,888 1,985 2,332 3,116 774 0 63

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Total R&D expenditures, by source of funds and R&D field: 2023
(Dollars in thousands)
Field All R&D expenditures Federal government State and local government Institution funds Business Nonprofit organizations All other sources
  All R&D fields 182,195 65,890 46,885 50,685 17,438 955 342
    Science 63,323 33,428 1,242 27,683 271 401 298
      Computer and information sciences 4,136 2,318 132 1,683 3 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 7,444 3,762 422 2,968 85 207 0
        Atmospheric science and meteorology 6,852 3,612 347 2,601 85 207 0
        Geological and earth sciences 592 150 75 367 0 0 0
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Life sciences 36,939 21,527 532 14,279 129 176 296
        Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Biological and biomedical sciences 18,742 10,838 318 7,237 24 82 243
        Health sciences 18,197 10,689 214 7,042 105 94 53
        Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Life sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mathematics and statistics 444 0 0 444 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 7,486 5,282 85 2,086 33 0 0
        Astronomy and astrophysics 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Chemistry 2,880 1,335 85 1,427 33 0 0
        Materials science 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Physics 4,606 3,947 0 659 0 0 0
        Physical sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Psychology 4,993 389 29 4,555 0 18 2
      Social sciences 1,725 126 40 1,538 21 0 0
        Anthropology 31 0 0 31 0 0 0
        Economics 525 23 25 477 0 0 0
        Political science and government 398 0 0 398 0 0 0
        Sociology, demography, and population studies 217 82 0 135 0 0 0
        Social sciences nec 554 21 15 497 21 0 0
      Sciences nec 156 24 2 130 0 0 0
    Engineering 105,141 27,690 45,602 14,140 17,155 554 0
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical engineering 2,391 894 462 1,035 0 0 0
      Civil engineering 63,086 18,526 25,222 1,801 17,010 527 0
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering 4,742 1,383 1,034 2,323 2 0 0
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 2,990 1,734 96 1,144 16 0 0
      Metallurgical and materials engineering 1,095 203 124 768 0 0 0
      Engineering nec 30,837 4,950 18,664 7,069 127 27 0
    Non-S&E 13,731 4,772 41 8,862 12 0 44
      Business management and business administration 1,150 0 0 1,150 0 0 0
      Communication and communications technologies 1,125 790 1 334 0 0 0
      Education 5,819 2,718 30 3,015 12 0 44
      Humanities 1,639 10 0 1,629 0 0 0
      Law 1,703 0 10 1,693 0 0 0
      Social work 198 8 0 190 0 0 0
      Visual and performing arts 736 0 0 736 0 0 0
      Non-S&E nec 1,361 1,246 0 115 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Federally funded R&D expenditures, by federal agency: 2023–14
(Dollars in thousands)
Source of funds 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
Federal Agencies 65,890 62,737 58,463 44,153 49,700 51,050 43,262 42,425 37,697 40,340
  DOD 5,363 2,523 2,424 1,863 768 966 291 273 2,817 3,429
  DOE 20,901 28,294 30,942 18,047 27,259 28,290 18,299 17,433 14,217 17,376
  HHS 21,948 19,368 16,119 15,079 12,562 12,769 13,471 11,270 10,941 9,508
  NASA 1,870 2,507 2,483 2,095 1,998 1,996 3,441 5,242 4,200 4,460
  NSF 3,841 3,911 2,725 3,889 4,369 3,811 3,706 3,745 2,534 2,478
  USDA 2,051 1,919 1,436 1,936 2,029 2,303 2,230 2,164 2,167 2,185
  Other 9,916 4,215 2,334 1,244 715 915 1,824 2,298 821 904

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Headcount of R&D personnel: 2023–17 [temporarily discontinued]
Year
2023 . . . .
2022 . . . .
2021 . . . .
2020 . . . .
2019 1,632 528 1,104 .
2018 1,646 557 1,089 .
2017 1,722 550 1,172 .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field: 2023–14
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space 2023 2021 2019 2017 2015
  All research space 372 370 352 343 437
    Agricultural sciences 1 1 1 1 1
    Biological and biomedical sciences 71 78 78 43 117
    Computer and information sciences 6 5 5 12 11
    Engineering 163 166 149 73 76
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 9 10 10 0 10
    Health sciences 10 13 13 36 44
    Mathematics and statistics 6 6 6 12 10
    Natural resources and conservation 1 1 1 1 1
    Physical sciences 78 78 78 90 103
    Psychology 6 7 7 21 14
    Social sciences 2 4 3 20 23
    Other 18 0 0 34 27

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

New construction of science and engineering research space, by field and time of construction: 2025–16
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

Costs for repair and renovation of science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field and time of repair and renovation: 2025–16
(Dollars in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space 0 11,110 687 380 2,120
    Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Biological and biomedical sciences 0 4,858 378 380 370
    Computer and information sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Engineering 0 6,252 308 0 250
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Health sciences 0 0 0 0 1,000
    Mathematics and statistics 0 0 0 0 0
    Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0
    Physical sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Psychology 0 0 0 0 500
    Social sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Other 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities