U. Pennsylvania

Rankings

Data year Earned doctorates Full-time graduate students Total R&D expenditures Research space
Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked
2024 21 95.7 459 54 91.7 631 2 99.9 925
2023 31 93.5 459 58 91.7 679 3 99.8 911 30 95.2 602
2022 24 95 457 57 91.8 680 3 99.8 900
2021 28 94 447 57 92 691 4 99.7 908 29 95.2 583
2020 30 93.6 450 51 92.9 698 4 99.7 916
2019 30 93.6 447 60 91.6 697 4 99.7 914 28 95.4 589
2018 29 93.5 428 59 91.8 700 4 99.7 911
2017 27 93.9 425 57 91.9 684 4 99.7 898 31 94.8 575
2016 31 93.1 430 49 93.2 697 3 99.8 896
2015 25 94.4 426 42 94.1 693 17 98.2 898 30 95 570
NOTES:
  • 1. See TableBuilder for the prior year data.
  • 2. Blank white cells indicate data not available, not applicable, or institution not eligible for survey.
  • 3. Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

Data

Number of earned doctorates, by trend major field of study of recipients: 2024–15

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2024–15
All races 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents 1,999 1,979 1,892 1,708 1,682 1,551 1,559 1,505 1,830 2,010 i
    Hispanic or Latino 275 268 236 241 206 196 183 164 142 124 i
    Not Hispanic or Latino 1,659 1,651 1,585 1,453 1,464 1,350 1,372 1,334 1,659 1,850 i
      American Indian or Alaska Native 1 3 2 0 4 0 5 0 4 5 i
      Asian 423 397 365 314 304 257 242 232 296 304 i
      Black or African American 151 149 124 99 87 72 76 66 97 123 i
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 1 1 1 1 4 0 5 0 1 12 i
      White 995 1,028 1,030 975 1,003 959 1,009 968 1,208 1,340 i
      More than one race 88 73 63 64 62 62 35 68 53 66 i
    Unknown ethnicity and race 65 60 71 14 12 5 4 7 29 36 i
  Temporary visa holders 1,056 992 926 868 834 796 768 737 1,077 1,088 i
  Science and engineering 3,010 2,921 2,768 2,576 2,516 2,347 2,327 2,242 2,794 3,006 i
    Science 2,270 2,237 2,152 1,982 1,988 1,911 1,895 1,849 2,041 2,319 i
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 168 i
      Biological and biomedical sciences 1,134 1,106 1,084 1,026 923 949 876 836 739 712 i
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 83 92 i
      Computer and information sciences 213 203 176 163 152 139 122 117 108 105 i
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 15 20 17 13 17 15 14 13 13 14 i
      Mathematics and statistics 176 159 132 110 110 115 100 92 114 107 i
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 14 2 0 0 1 6 0 12 25 31 i
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Physical sciences 306 309 291 287 292 199 286 274 256 272 i
      Psychology 47 67 65 68 65 53 51 52 60 59 i
      Social sciences 365 371 387 315 428 435 446 453 527 649 i
    Engineering 740 684 616 594 528 436 432 393 753 687 i
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 367 329 259 219 181 143 125 114 194 170 i
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 99 91 90 96 96 80 81 68 114 96 i
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 133 125 127 131 120 100 95 90 82 84 i
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Mechanical engineering 77 80 86 87 79 62 73 69 210 202 i
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 64 59 54 61 52 51 58 52 127 109 i
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26 26 i
    Health 45 50 50 0 0 0 0 0 113 92 i
      Clinical medicine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 113 92 i
      Other health 45 50 50 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Part-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2024–15
All races 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents 55 21 40 25 31 16 42 20 127 211 i
    Hispanic or Latino 6 3 4 2 3 1 0 0 4 7 i
    Not Hispanic or Latino 47 18 33 23 28 15 40 17 123 190 i
      American Indian or Alaska Native 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 i
      Asian 11 4 11 10 12 3 14 4 16 22 i
      Black or African American 6 2 0 1 2 1 0 0 15 20 i
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      White 29 10 22 12 13 10 24 9 88 135 i
      More than one race 1 2 0 0 1 1 2 0 3 13 i
    Unknown ethnicity and race 2 0 3 0 0 0 2 3 0 14 i
  Temporary visa holders 14 31 10 15 12 6 20 11 4 3 i
  Science and engineering 68 52 49 40 43 22 62 31 65 146 i
    Science 40 30 25 18 19 8 33 25 50 112 i
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Biological and biomedical sciences 3 8 3 3 2 1 1 0 35 96 i
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Computer and information sciences 6 5 3 6 6 2 14 2 3 1 i
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Mathematics and statistics 8 9 7 0 1 0 0 7 1 2 i
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 5 i
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Physical sciences 2 0 3 2 2 0 1 1 0 0 i
      Psychology 15 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Social sciences 5 8 7 7 8 5 17 15 9 8 i
    Engineering 28 22 24 22 24 14 29 6 15 34 i
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 19 8 10 14 16 8 17 4 9 20 i
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 1 8 6 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 i
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 3 6 6 3 3 1 4 0 2 0 i
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Mechanical engineering 1 0 2 3 1 5 6 1 4 10 i
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 4 0 0 2 3 0 1 1 0 3 i
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
    Health 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 66 68 i
      Clinical medicine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 66 68 i
      Other health 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health receiving primary support from federal sources, by field: 2024–15
Field 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All surveyed fields 1,228 1,168 1,065 1,120 1,162 1,172 1,143 1,035 1,098 1,041 i
  Science and engineering 1,227 1,168 1,047 1,120 1,162 1,172 1,143 1,035 1,098 1,041 i
    Science 829 814 799 796 891 866 832 797 826 776 i
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Biological and biomedical sciences 713 701 675 668 639 635 570 520 444 442 i
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 4 i
      Computer and information sciences 90 91 37 88 84 87 88 82 95 92 i
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 2 1 1 i
      Mathematics and statistics 16 9 13 3 5 14 11 11 3 7 i
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Physical sciences 7 10 54 33 140 96 136 157 149 81 i
      Psychology 1 2 5 2 8 13 14 9 12 23 i
      Social sciences 2 1 14 2 15 19 13 16 22 29 i
    Engineering 398 354 248 324 271 306 311 238 272 265 i
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 213 171 159 130 114 119 95 78 76 74 i
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 38 40 19 35 36 46 46 39 44 35 i
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 75 73 33 74 55 68 64 59 82 84 i
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Mechanical engineering 42 40 26 47 38 42 63 36 40 36 i
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 30 30 11 38 28 31 43 26 30 36 i
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
    Health 1 0 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Clinical medicine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Other health 1 0 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by type and primary source of support: 2024–15
Type and primary source of support 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All types and sources of support 3,055 2,971 2,818 2,576 2,516 2,347 2,327 2,242 2,907 3,098 i
  Fellowships 1,759 2,378 1,870 1,857 1,574 1,438 1,390 1,168 1,139 1,250 i
    Federal 760 756 627 729 693 699 669 478 540 545 i
    Institutional 903 1,527 1,159 1,082 857 723 620 657 567 667 i
    Nonfederal 96 95 84 46 24 16 101 33 32 38 i
  Research assistantships 462 434 644 620 567 534 586 778 735 678 i
    Federal 452 405 408 386 467 464 471 551 553 483 i
    Institutional 8 26 235 234 95 56 79 196 158 177 i
    Nonfederal 2 3 1 0 5 14 36 31 24 18 i
  Teaching assistantships 12 12 124 5 276 247 230 161 255 206 i
    Federal 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 i
    Institutional 12 12 124 5 276 244 230 161 254 205 i
    Nonfederal 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 i
  Other types of support 822 147 180 94 99 128 121 135 778 964 i
    Federal 16 7 30 5 2 6 3 6 5 13 i
    Institutional 735 83 70 20 2 26 13 4 18 13 i
    Nonfederal 1 2 6 8 7 2 3 0 1 7 i
    Personal resources 70 55 74 61 88 94 102 125 754 931 i

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Postdoctorates in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2024–15
All races 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  Science and engineering 907 755 810 685 658 747 731 720 629 594 i
    Science 777 639 699 549 536 632 622 604 523 490 i
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 69 66 62 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Biological and biomedical sciences 502 360 413 373 414 420 395 388 317 302 i
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 10 i
      Computer and information sciences 13 16 16 21 24 21 19 28 21 17 i
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 12 12 5 3 4 9 9 3 8 9 i
      Mathematics and statistics 18 23 28 12 6 6 6 16 24 11 i
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 2 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Physical sciences 97 91 100 94 61 101 101 100 86 76 i
      Psychology 23 28 34 24 25 48 67 47 22 27 i
      Social sciences 41 41 40 22 2 27 25 22 14 16 i
    Engineering 130 116 111 136 122 115 109 116 106 104 i
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 38 36 38 45 46 39 38 41 36 32 i
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 20 19 18 20 16 23 22 22 17 21 i
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 30 26 17 29 28 21 20 21 25 21 i
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Mechanical engineering 16 10 17 24 20 15 14 14 13 13 i
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 26 25 19 17 11 17 15 18 15 17 i
      Other engineering 0 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 i
    Health 381 524 424 441 407 403 410 351 335 307 i
      Clinical medicine 345 454 386 430 403 397 404 344 301 275 i
      Other health 36 70 38 11 4 6 6 7 34 32 i

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Federally supported science, engineering, and health postdoctorates, by field: 2024–15
Field 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All surveyed fields 695 674 717 724 589 675 800 618 619 627 i
  Science and engineering 456 365 444 437 372 442 496 438 424 418 i
    Science 400 300 384 347 291 355 415 350 339 340 i
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 28 21 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Biological and biomedical sciences 285 202 272 244 210 238 284 228 202 212 i
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 7 i
      Computer and information sciences 6 7 8 16 18 17 15 21 21 17 i
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 2 2 2 2 1 5 5 1 6 7 i
      Mathematics and statistics 6 6 4 1 1 0 0 2 2 2 i
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Physical sciences 58 43 52 64 42 64 64 64 64 58 i
      Psychology 12 17 16 15 18 26 41 29 14 19 i
      Social sciences 3 2 5 5 1 5 6 5 4 5 i
    Engineering 56 65 60 90 81 87 81 88 85 78 i
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 13 23 23 30 31 30 29 28 23 23 i
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 10 11 10 12 6 18 17 14 11 9 i
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 13 12 10 22 23 14 13 19 25 21 i
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
      Mechanical engineering 7 5 7 12 14 13 12 12 11 13 i
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 13 14 9 14 7 12 10 15 15 12 i
      Other engineering 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i
    Health 239 309 273 287 217 233 304 180 195 209 i
      Clinical medicine 210 258 241 277 213 229 299 178 170 185 i
      Other health 29 51 32 10 4 4 5 2 25 24 i

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Total R&D expenditures, by field: 2024–15
(Dollars in thousands)
Field 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  All R&D fields 2,167,504 1,953,617 1,791,311 1,631,950 1,579,364 1,506,285 1,441,931 1,374,293 1,296,429 864,068
    Science 1,876,623 1,694,823 1,545,690 1,403,617 1,350,669 1,290,393 1,236,717 1,183,407 1,079,467 782,618
      Computer and information sciences 27,960 21,066 29,513 27,396 26,318 26,968 23,703 20,149 17,589 13,751
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 2,251 2,293 1,856 1,929 1,760 2,455 1,266 1,935 1,724 1,359
        Atmospheric science and meteorology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Geological and earth sciences 2,251 2,293 1,856 1,929 1,760 2,455 1,266 1,935 1,724 1,270
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 89
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Life sciences 1,659,885 1,497,834 1,364,745 1,243,966 1,185,719 1,125,634 1,070,969 1,022,472 942,243 680,065
        Agricultural sciences 1,060 1,109 1,000 1,003 1,140 926 945 918 620 172
        Biological and biomedical sciences 1,170,917 1,053,560 936,939 835,864 780,497 743,835 727,296 692,343 628,134 205,927
        Health sciences 437,693 412,203 352,904 329,713 326,566 301,611 270,535 262,444 247,503 463,167
        Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Life sciences nec 50,215 30,962 73,902 77,386 77,516 79,262 72,193 66,767 65,986 10,799
      Mathematics and statistics 9,599 8,603 8,921 8,637 6,817 7,432 5,975 7,373 6,173 3,294
      Physical sciences 84,635 72,101 67,341 59,246 58,157 60,150 55,476 46,244 39,426 29,134
        Astronomy and astrophysics 1,711 1,610 1,664 1,305 1,579 1,375 1,486 1,421 0 0
        Chemistry 26,797 26,793 25,511 23,124 21,246 20,121 18,743 15,403 13,506 10,595
        Materials science 21,226 17,580 15,712 14,089 13,961 14,848 12,145 6,604 6,055 0
        Physics 34,901 26,118 24,454 20,728 21,371 23,806 23,102 22,816 19,865 18,539
        Physical sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Psychology 16,207 17,413 16,035 15,250 15,854 14,222 18,872 21,397 20,638 22,774
      Social sciences 69,570 66,203 53,759 46,021 51,374 49,088 49,776 48,579 41,676 25,956
        Anthropology 1,258 1,428 1,484 1,378 1,167 872 959 1,491 729 0
        Economics 6,009 3,866 5,988 5,756 6,148 5,980 5,541 4,977 3,986 1,242
        Political science and government 7,194 6,277 3,393 3,782 4,260 4,705 4,360 2,015 191 4,512
        Sociology, demography, and population studies 30,816 26,778 22,405 19,644 23,377 22,400 23,300 21,052 20,400 5,378
        Social sciences nec 24,293 27,854 20,489 15,461 16,422 15,131 15,616 19,044 16,370 14,824
      Sciences nec 6,516 9,310 3,520 1,172 4,670 4,444 10,680 15,258 9,998 6,285
    Engineering 124,526 112,740 106,282 88,937 82,299 78,444 67,574 64,279 61,366 46,031
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 34,551 34,022 30,184 25,127 20,457 22,871 19,199 15,979 15,886 10,898
      Chemical engineering 13,092 11,657 9,817 10,192 9,194 10,328 9,682 9,911 7,468 4,383
      Civil engineering 3 15 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering 37,785 25,931 23,441 19,676 16,788 15,628 14,338 14,850 18,657 14,673
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 21,449 19,885 24,366 20,591 22,352 20,673 15,403 15,212 11,719 8,333
      Metallurgical and materials engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6,625
      Engineering nec 17,623 21,230 18,462 13,351 13,508 8,944 8,952 8,327 7,636 1,119
    Non-S&E 166,355 146,054 139,339 139,396 146,396 137,448 137,640 126,607 155,596 35,419
      Business management and business administration 95,903 79,067 80,722 84,856 89,756 75,828 76,729 63,576 47,397 10,454
      Communication and communications technologies 7,070 11,225 8,837 7,313 6,079 5,222 7,018 8,989 8,564 7,038
      Education 14,677 15,332 13,885 14,518 16,188 19,993 18,519 18,428 14,214 7,212
      Humanities 10,934 11,402 10,078 7,361 9,065 8,913 8,308 7,673 3,903 3,078
      Law 18,151 12,108 12,920 11,239 12,632 14,634 13,091 15,628 13,299 2,083
      Social work 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4,298
      Visual and performing arts 4,393 3,921 3,622 3,076 2,918 3,099 3,196 2,985 3,709 1,256
      Non-S&E nec 15,227 12,999 9,275 11,033 9,758 9,759 10,779 9,328 64,510 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Total R&D expenditures, by source of funds and R&D field: 2024
(Dollars in thousands)
Field All R&D expenditures Federal government State and local government Institution funds Business Nonprofit organizations All other sources
  All R&D fields 2,167,504 1,018,602 29,860 782,301 172,616 152,751 11,374
    Science 1,876,623 935,640 28,862 601,891 167,075 135,176 7,979
      Computer and information sciences 27,960 14,628 0 11,760 379 1,163 30
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 2,251 771 0 1,173 0 275 32
        Atmospheric science and meteorology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Geological and earth sciences 2,251 771 0 1,173 0 275 32
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Life sciences 1,659,885 832,231 26,552 514,101 165,444 115,332 6,225
        Agricultural sciences 1,060 163 0 844 0 3 50
        Biological and biomedical sciences 1,170,917 600,446 2,489 333,331 137,863 91,946 4,842
        Health sciences 437,693 221,666 24,063 140,542 27,248 22,874 1,300
        Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Life sciences nec 50,215 9,956 0 39,384 333 509 33
      Mathematics and statistics 9,599 3,934 0 4,743 0 922 0
      Physical sciences 84,635 57,553 0 23,659 744 2,241 438
        Astronomy and astrophysics 1,711 9 0 1,702 0 0 0
        Chemistry 26,797 17,299 0 8,692 292 464 50
        Materials science 21,226 16,357 0 4,397 167 91 214
        Physics 34,901 23,888 0 8,868 285 1,686 174
        Physical sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Psychology 16,207 7,905 0 3,766 157 4,122 257
      Social sciences 69,570 17,457 2,284 37,444 351 11,037 997
        Anthropology 1,258 334 0 847 0 66 11
        Economics 6,009 774 0 4,590 0 511 134
        Political science and government 7,194 1,080 0 3,649 144 1,593 728
        Sociology, demography, and population studies 30,816 12,817 2,000 9,989 0 5,928 82
        Social sciences nec 24,293 2,452 284 18,369 207 2,939 42
      Sciences nec 6,516 1,161 26 5,245 0 84 0
    Engineering 124,526 63,768 0 50,209 3,865 4,633 2,051
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 34,551 19,768 0 8,923 1,748 2,235 1,877
      Chemical engineering 13,092 6,536 0 4,975 173 1,408 0
      Civil engineering 3 0 0 3 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering 37,785 23,965 0 11,998 1,131 670 21
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering 23 23 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 21,449 13,401 0 6,770 813 312 153
      Metallurgical and materials engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Engineering nec 17,623 75 0 17,540 0 8 0
    Non-S&E 166,355 19,194 998 130,201 1,676 12,942 1,344
      Business management and business administration 95,903 126 50 88,690 1,267 5,615 155
      Communication and communications technologies 7,070 4,523 0 1,358 21 1,032 136
      Education 14,677 5,020 331 4,923 13 3,887 503
      Humanities 10,934 702 0 9,218 0 822 192
      Law 18,151 1,127 617 14,766 298 995 348
      Social work 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Visual and performing arts 4,393 184 0 3,934 0 275 0
      Non-S&E nec 15,227 7,512 0 7,312 77 316 10

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Federally funded R&D expenditures, by federal agency: 2024–15
(Dollars in thousands)
Source of funds 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
Federal Agencies 1,018,602 936,469 873,318 792,089 721,308 717,359 688,313 669,911 655,791 611,620
  DOD 63,045 53,246 57,657 51,902 57,517 49,467 48,919 55,373 55,334 64,987
  DOE 17,919 15,424 13,728 10,770 9,131 9,526 9,798 9,672 10,187 11,406
  HHS 839,809 784,145 727,643 663,458 592,887 592,670 564,463 543,959 529,947 481,614
  NASA 2,444 2,941 3,635 4,250 3,957 4,338 4,595 5,043 3,823 3,659
  NSF 72,901 59,837 53,123 47,054 43,067 45,727 45,199 41,970 40,912 36,768
  USDA 2,196 1,818 1,296 1,014 830 1,319 785 848 834 1,276
  Other 20,288 19,058 16,236 13,641 13,919 14,312 14,554 13,046 14,754 11,910

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Headcount of R&D personnel: 2024–18 [temporarily discontinued]
Year
2024 . . . .
2023 . . . .
2022 . . . .
2021 . . . .
2020 . . . .
2019 13,946 1,920 12,026 .
2018 13,100 1,756 11,344 .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field: 2023–14
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space 2023 2021 2019 2017 2015
  All research space 1,935 1,867 1,869 1,764 1,723
    Agricultural sciences 0 2 0 6 15
    Biological and biomedical sciences 727 674 668 680 670
    Computer and information sciences 37 19 22 21 21
    Engineering 144 149 137 144 123
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 10 8 8 82 89
    Health sciences 801 771 755 705 673
    Mathematics and statistics 4 6 6 4 4
    Natural resources and conservation 0 0 8 7 0
    Physical sciences 130 129 121 41 40
    Psychology 25 28 27 18 26
    Social sciences 54 77 109 50 55
    Other 4 4 7 6 6

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

New construction of science and engineering research space, by field and time of construction: 2025–16
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space 60,099 325,676 71,559 0 57,900
    Agricultural sciences 3,933 0 0 0 0
    Biological and biomedical sciences 13,196 0 0 0 0
    Computer and information sciences 0 25,931 0 0 0
    Engineering 0 30,802 9,626 0 0
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 0 0 1,363 0 0
    Health sciences 42,970 214,519 0 0 0
    Mathematics and statistics 0 0 0 0 0
    Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0
    Physical sciences 0 51,870 1,761 0 0
    Psychology 0 0 0 0 0
    Social sciences 0 2,554 58,809 0 57,900
    Other 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

Costs for repair and renovation of science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field and time of repair and renovation: 2025–16
(Dollars in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space 26,147 44,097 112,541 184,466 258,618
    Agricultural sciences 0 1,491 6,505 0 0
    Biological and biomedical sciences 12,517 4,218 32,892 88,692 28,960
    Computer and information sciences 0 499 0 0 0
    Engineering 4,590 5,837 33,458 20,421 11,715
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 0 1,145 0 0 0
    Health sciences 6,849 2,830 16,787 8,371 206,698
    Mathematics and statistics 0 0 0 0 0
    Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 425
    Physical sciences 1,201 4,274 12,084 16,475 8,500
    Psychology 0 0 0 267 0
    Social sciences 991 23,803 10,816 50,238 2,320
    Other 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities