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Table 15. Doctoral degrees awarded to women, by field of degree and citizenship status of recipients: 2005–15

Field 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
All fields 19,582 20,559 21,904 22,494 23,187 22,489 22,701 23,531 24,367 24,822 25,403
Science and engineering 11,665 12,676 13,622 14,289 14,937 14,912 15,413 16,045 16,575 17,195 17,505
Science 10,483 11,224 12,017 12,596 13,306 13,166 13,631 14,158 14,523 15,010 15,204
Computer sciences 221 311 332 400 349 347 353 374 341 400 423
Geosciences 244 266 333 316 338 366 330 403 449 475 457
Atmospheric sciences 52 46 63 54 50 64 55 80 87 70 75
Earth sciences 120 152 172 165 189 193 164 196 211 250 237
Ocean sciences 72 68 98 97 99 109 111 127 151 155 145
Life sciences 4,735 5,006 5,497 5,859 6,210 6,213 6,289 6,615 6,714 6,931 6,941
Agricultural sciences 413 448 516 498 559 490 554 554 622 646 691
Biological sciences 3,106 3,271 3,529 3,934 4,185 4,219 4,272 4,423 4,412 4,748 4,688
Health sciences 1,216 1,287 1,452 1,427 1,466 1,504 1,463 1,638 1,680 1,537 1,562
Mathematical sciences 326 393 402 433 483 467 460 481 527 534 520
Physical sciences 972 1,094 1,175 1,124 1,280 1,249 1,310 1,327 1,415 1,450 1,531
Astronomy 49 56 59 62 84 88 84 85 97 80 76
Chemistry 723 810 832 767 895 864 922 894 985 1,021 1,077
Physics 200 228 284 295 301 297 304 348 333 349 378
Social sciences 3,985 4,154 4,278 4,464 4,646 4,524 4,889 4,958 5,077 5,220 5,332
Anthropology 256 269 316 294 308 306 330 360 362 329 307
Economics 318 310 319 374 382 369 387 402 416 404 436
Political science 245 220 242 261 272 294 296 303 333 342 332
Psychology 2,263 2,322 2,335 2,358 2,481 2,389 2,574 2,560 2,594 2,648 2,722
Sociology 335 363 360 366 399 389 403 402 377 432 461
Other social sciences 568 670 706 811 804 777 899 931 995 1,065 1,074
Engineering 1,182 1,452 1,605 1,693 1,631 1,746 1,782 1,887 2,052 2,185 2,301
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 29 25 31 28 41 37 34 39 55 55 53
Bioengineering 111 179 225 285 308 315 335 335 355 384 428
Chemical engineering 183 216 197 232 216 248 256 256 258 290 317
Civil engineering 118 117 165 145 148 169 147 106 125 148 175
Electrical, electronics, and communications engineering 205 250 304 319 260 315 301 336 279 325 293
Industrial and manufacturing engineering 41 67 78 79 65 55 78 62 65 89 90
Materials science engineering 112 152 164 154 159 175 166 184 217 211 223
Mechanical engineering 114 144 131 152 152 125 150 177 196 197 202
Other engineering 269 302 310 299 282 307 315 392 502 486 520
Non-science and engineering 7,917 7,883 8,282 8,205 8,250 7,577 7,288 7,486 7,792 7,627 7,898
Education 4,152 3,985 4,344 4,402 4,366 3,624 3,234 3,299 3,364 3,312 3,502
Humanities 2,581 2,647 2,478 2,428 2,499 2,553 2,654 2,818 2,885 2,762 2,832
Professional/other/unknown 1,184 1,251 1,460 1,375 1,385 1,400 1,400 1,369 1,543 1,553 1,564
U.S. citizens and permanent residents, all fieldsa 14,357 14,762 15,260 16,069 16,818 16,328 16,330 16,910 17,416 17,347 17,872
Science and engineering 7,998 8,450 8,847 9,494 10,177 10,264 10,559 10,949 11,289 11,436 11,659
Science 7,519 7,869 8,243 8,740 9,359 9,399 9,744 10,021 10,344 10,421 10,570
Computer sciences 102 131 130 176 154 176 175 154 148 183 148
Geosciences 165 177 236 217 229 249 228 278 316 351 316
Atmospheric sciences 27 20 36 29 24 32 28 41 53 44 47
Earth sciences 89 110 125 114 128 133 117 139 156 186 169
Ocean sciences 49 47 75 74 77 84 83 98 107 121 100
Life sciences 3,333 3,485 3,802 4,009 4,450 4,511 4,488 4,719 4,781 4,830 4,880
Agricultural sciences 238 246 283 272 332 304 340 307 346 382 387
Biological sciences 2,167 2,242 2,415 2,627 2,957 3,009 3,023 3,161 3,114 3,268 3,268
Health sciences 928 997 1,104 1,110 1,161 1,198 1,125 1,251 1,321 1,180 1,225
Mathematical sciences 152 171 178 220 231 250 219 230 241 259 245
Physical sciences 562 579 606 619 751 726 795 750 833 780 874
Astronomy 34 37 33 48 58 63 62 56 72 57 56
Chemistry 445 443 444 438 543 512 574 527 594 564 632
Physics 83 99 129 133 150 151 159 167 167 159 186
Social sciences 3,205 3,326 3,291 3,499 3,544 3,487 3,839 3,890 4,025 4,018 4,107
Anthropology 215 243 248 247 250 240 275 304 307 267 255
Economics 125 117 109 144 137 159 138 172 164 146 186
Political science 198 157 184 195 194 207 226 224 257 257 245
Psychology 1,993 2,035 1,986 2,061 2,091 2,003 2,222 2,178 2,233 2,183 2,233
Sociology 270 299 278 295 307 322 327 326 305 356 383
Other social sciences 404 475 486 557 565 556 651 686 759 809 805
Engineering 479 581 604 754 818 865 815 928 945 1,015 1,089
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 11 11 17 13 22 22 17 28 32 38 33
Bioengineering 68 104 128 186 211 212 224 229 233 272 285
Chemical engineering 76 101 78 124 116 138 128 120 115 119 148
Civil engineering 51 48 47 58 69 78 62 47 52 73 68
Electrical, electronics, and communications engineering 70 58 79 93 95 107 89 119 89 91 99
Industrial and manufacturing engineering 17 29 29 35 26 23 33 29 25 31 27
Materials science engineering 48 57 69 68 84 91 70 95 95 89 97
Mechanical engineering 41 63 44 67 74 62 69 84 97 85 108
Other engineering 97 110 113 110 121 132 123 177 207 217 224
Non-science and engineering 6,359 6,312 6,413 6,575 6,641 6,064 5,771 5,961 6,127 5,911 6,213
Education 3,564 3,390 3,627 3,784 3,739 3,086 2,715 2,800 2,824 2,741 2,900
Humanities 2,001 2,095 1,862 1,895 1,977 2,050 2,137 2,270 2,293 2,198 2,280
Professional/other/unknown 794 827 924 896 925 928 919 891 1,010 972 1,033
Temporary visa holders, all fields 4,079 4,800 5,128 5,277 5,167 4,868 5,056 5,224 5,571 5,633 5,742
Science and engineering 3,058 3,649 3,911 4,118 4,045 3,858 3,967 4,182 4,407 4,537 4,614
Science 2,420 2,857 3,022 3,268 3,287 3,046 3,129 3,335 3,399 3,483 3,544
Computer sciences 106 163 181 204 173 154 157 191 170 192 233
Geosciences 68 78 82 85 101 103 88 108 115 114 121
Atmospheric sciences 22 21 22 24 26 30 26 36 33 26 25
Earth sciences 26 37 42 41 55 50 38 47 46 58 55
Ocean sciences 20 20 18 20 20 23 24 25 36 30 41
Life sciences 1,176 1,307 1,398 1,606 1,507 1,417 1,481 1,583 1,565 1,632 1,640
Agricultural sciences 149 179 199 199 203 158 198 228 243 233 249
Biological sciences 801 909 951 1,167 1,083 1,034 1,043 1,075 1,073 1,164 1,162
Health sciences 226 219 248 240 221 225 240 280 249 235 229
Mathematical sciences 159 210 204 192 232 198 209 219 261 252 241
Physical sciences 364 463 493 446 478 447 462 487 508 560 574
Astronomy 13 18 24 14 23 23 20 23 23 21 17
Chemistry 246 324 330 283 319 290 313 310 339 376 386
Physics 105 121 139 149 136 134 129 154 146 163 171
Social sciences 547 636 664 735 796 727 732 747 780 733 735
Anthropology 27 19 44 33 46 48 41 38 47 40 35
Economics 179 181 189 214 234 184 222 218 234 230 219
Political science 38 54 43 60 67 67 56 61 56 66 65
Psychology 128 160 164 162 173 194 163 184 193 166 173
Sociology 41 58 56 61 83 53 56 57 58 53 50
Other social sciences 134 164 168 205 193 181 194 189 192 178 193
Engineering 638 792 889 850 758 812 838 847 1,008 1,054 1,070
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 18 10 12 11 16 14 14 10 19 13 19
Bioengineering 37 69 83 89 81 98 92 86 109 96 118
Chemical engineering 92 104 109 99 98 103 110 124 124 160 149
Civil engineering 64 58 105 85 75 82 73 51 70 63 90
Electrical, electronics, and communications engineering 124 182 202 202 152 188 176 193 174 210 173
Industrial and manufacturing engineering 17 33 39 39 37 31 44 30 39 52 53
Materials science engineering 62 83 87 80 71 77 89 75 113 111 117
Mechanical engineering 71 75 81 76 75 58 68 79 88 100 85
Other engineering 153 178 171 169 153 161 172 199 272 249 266
Non-science and engineering 1,021 1,151 1,217 1,159 1,122 1,010 1,089 1,042 1,164 1,096 1,128
Education 320 390 389 363 374 303 324 306 347 319 365
Humanities 407 414 419 394 384 342 393 371 399 363 362
Professional/other/unknown 294 347 409 402 364 365 372 365 418 414 401
Citizenship unknown, all fields 1,146 997 1,516 1,148 1,202 1,293 1,315 1,397 1,380 1,842 1,789
Science and engineering 609 577 864 677 715 790 887 914 879 1,222 1,232
Science 544 498 752 588 660 721 758 802 780 1,106 1,090
Computer sciences 13 17 21 20 22 17 21 29 23 25 42
Geosciences 11 11 15 14 8 14 14 17 18 10 20
Atmospheric sciences 3 5 5 1 0 2 1 3 1 0 3
Earth sciences 5 5 5 10 6 10 9 10 9 6 13
Ocean sciences 3 1 5 3 2 2 4 4 8 4 4
Life sciences 226 214 297 244 253 285 320 313 368 469 421
Agricultural sciences 26 23 34 27 24 28 16 19 33 31 55
Biological sciences 138 120 163 140 145 176 206 187 225 316 258
Health sciences 62 71 100 77 84 81 98 107 110 122 108
Mathematical sciences 15 12 20 21 20 19 32 32 25 23 34
Physical sciences 46 52 76 59 51 76 53 90 74 110 83
Astronomy 2 1 2 0 3 2 2 6 2 2 3
Chemistry 32 43 58 46 33 62 35 57 52 81 59
Physics 12 8 16 13 15 12 16 27 20 27 21
Social sciences 233 192 323 230 306 310 318 321 272 469 490
Anthropology 14 7 24 14 12 18 14 18 8 22 17
Economics 14 12 21 16 11 26 27 12 18 28 31
Political science 9 9 15 6 11 20 14 18 20 19 22
Psychology 142 127 185 135 217 192 189 198 168 299 316
Sociology 24 6 26 10 9 14 20 19 14 23 28
Other social sciences 30 31 52 49 46 40 54 56 44 78 76
Engineering 65 79 112 89 55 69 129 112 99 116 142
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 4 2 4 3 1 3 1 4 4 1
Bioengineering 6 6 14 10 16 5 19 20 13 16 25
Chemical engineering 15 11 10 9 2 7 18 12 19 11 20
Civil engineering 3 11 13 2 4 9 12 8 3 12 17
Electrical, electronics, and communications engineering 11 10 23 24 13 20 36 24 16 24 21
Industrial and manufacturing engineering 7 5 10 5 2 1 1 3 1 6 10
Materials science engineering 2 12 8 6 4 7 7 14 9 11 9
Mechanical engineering 2 6 6 9 3 5 13 14 11 12 9
Other engineering 19 14 26 20 8 14 20 16 23 20 30
Non-science and engineering 537 420 652 471 487 503 428 483 501 620 557
Education 268 205 328 255 253 235 195 193 193 252 237
Humanities 173 138 197 139 138 161 124 177 193 201 190
Professional/other/unknown 96 77 127 77 96 107 109 113 115 167 130
a These categories include U.S. citizens and foreign citizens on permanent visas (i.e., resident aliens who have been admitted for permanent residency).
NOTE: See table A-1 for specific fields included in each category.
SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates.