Field |
2008 |
2009 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
2013 |
2014 |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Doctoral degree recipients, all fieldsa | 48,776 | 49,552 | 48,028 | 48,910 | 50,943 | 52,703 | 53,989 | 54,889 | 54,798 | 54,559 | 55,195 |
Science and engineering | 34,717 | 35,313 | 34,997 | 36,332 | 37,846 | 39,031 | 40,633 | 41,178 | 41,234 | 41,294 | 42,227 |
Science | 26,854 | 27,671 | 27,419 | 28,300 | 29,377 | 30,031 | 31,007 | 31,303 | 31,776 | 31,517 | 32,044 |
Computer and information sciences | 1,787 | 1,610 | 1,633 | 1,667 | 1,793 | 1,843 | 1,988 | 2,003 | 2,082 | 1,998 | 2,004 |
Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences | 865 | 877 | 862 | 852 | 941 | 989 | 1,098 | 1,057 | 1,227 | 1,169 | 1,185 |
Atmospheric sciences | 188 | 167 | 170 | 178 | 205 | 205 | 200 | 213 | 245 | 248 | 265 |
Earth sciences | 458 | 492 | 463 | 451 | 462 | 489 | 579 | 554 | 618 | 572 | 591 |
Ocean sciences | 219 | 218 | 229 | 223 | 274 | 295 | 319 | 290 | 364 | 349 | 329 |
Life sciences | 11,086 | 11,403 | 11,319 | 11,535 | 11,964 | 12,207 | 12,484 | 12,493 | 12,536 | 12,555 | 12,780 |
Agricultural sciences and natural resources | 1,198 | 1,283 | 1,100 | 1,206 | 1,255 | 1,324 | 1,338 | 1,434 | 1,378 | 1,494 | 1,445 |
Biological and biomedical sciences | 7,797 | 8,025 | 8,046 | 8,152 | 8,322 | 8,354 | 8,868 | 8,783 | 8,861 | 8,566 | 8,801 |
Health sciences | 2,091 | 2,095 | 2,173 | 2,177 | 2,387 | 2,529 | 2,278 | 2,276 | 2,297 | 2,495 | 2,534 |
Mathematics and Statistics | 1,400 | 1,553 | 1,590 | 1,606 | 1,703 | 1,817 | 1,874 | 1,815 | 1,872 | 1,844 | 2,026 |
Physical sciences | 4,081 | 4,283 | 4,133 | 4,419 | 4,478 | 4,595 | 4,812 | 4,860 | 5,024 | 4,915 | 5,150 |
Astronomy | 249 | 262 | 266 | 287 | 274 | 301 | 289 | 269 | 315 | 339 | 352 |
Chemistry | 2,246 | 2,391 | 2,304 | 2,432 | 2,416 | 2,484 | 2,673 | 2,667 | 2,703 | 2,701 | 2,810 |
Physics | 1,586 | 1,630 | 1,563 | 1,700 | 1,788 | 1,810 | 1,850 | 1,924 | 2,006 | 1,875 | 1,988 |
Psychology and social sciences | 7,635 | 7,945 | 7,882 | 8,221 | 8,498 | 8,580 | 8,751 | 9,075 | 9,035 | 9,036 | 8,899 |
Anthropology | 483 | 503 | 507 | 553 | 547 | 550 | 523 | 492 | 460 | 446 | 424 |
Economics | 1,091 | 1,118 | 1,073 | 1,121 | 1,243 | 1,183 | 1,196 | 1,255 | 1,235 | 1,239 | 1,247 |
Political science | 628 | 682 | 728 | 685 | 724 | 803 | 777 | 859 | 745 | 743 | 734 |
Psychology | 3,357 | 3,472 | 3,420 | 3,576 | 3,599 | 3,592 | 3,724 | 3,775 | 3,910 | 3,926 | 3,837 |
Sociology | 601 | 662 | 639 | 657 | 633 | 636 | 679 | 742 | 613 | 683 | 669 |
Other social sciences | 1,475 | 1,508 | 1,515 | 1,629 | 1,752 | 1,816 | 1,852 | 1,952 | 2,072 | 1,999 | 1,988 |
Engineering | 7,863 | 7,642 | 7,578 | 8,032 | 8,469 | 9,000 | 9,626 | 9,875 | 9,458 | 9,777 | 10,183 |
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering | 266 | 297 | 252 | 262 | 307 | 348 | 386 | 361 | 370 | 379 | 383 |
Bioengineering and biomedical engineering | 762 | 834 | 824 | 898 | 943 | 1,039 | 1,046 | 1,125 | 1,089 | 1,032 | 1,134 |
Chemical engineering | 873 | 807 | 822 | 823 | 840 | 824 | 973 | 1,002 | 921 | 931 | 981 |
Civil engineering | 713 | 707 | 643 | 634 | 495 | 542 | 617 | 632 | 564 | 713 | 677 |
Electrical, electronics, and communications engineering | 1,888 | 1,693 | 1,778 | 1,886 | 1,938 | 1,897 | 1,952 | 1,997 | 1,822 | 1,880 | 1,951 |
Industrial and manufacturing engineering | 279 | 251 | 215 | 258 | 226 | 241 | 298 | 243 | 256 | 249 | 272 |
Materials science engineering | 636 | 625 | 670 | 662 | 743 | 815 | 832 | 871 | 984 | 937 | 995 |
Mechanical engineering | 1,082 | 1,095 | 983 | 1,084 | 1,220 | 1,277 | 1,331 | 1,466 | 1,297 | 1,399 | 1,504 |
Other engineering | 1,364 | 1,333 | 1,391 | 1,525 | 1,757 | 2,017 | 2,191 | 2,178 | 2,155 | 2,257 | 2,286 |
Non-science and engineering | 14,059 | 14,239 | 13,031 | 12,578 | 13,097 | 13,672 | 13,356 | 13,711 | 13,564 | 13,265 | 12,968 |
Education | 6,561 | 6,528 | 5,287 | 4,670 | 4,802 | 4,934 | 4,789 | 5,098 | 5,143 | 4,826 | 4,834 |
Humanities and arts | 4,736 | 4,904 | 5,015 | 5,225 | 5,561 | 5,715 | 5,524 | 5,594 | 5,480 | 5,286 | 5,145 |
Other non-science and engineering | 2,762 | 2,807 | 2,729 | 2,683 | 2,734 | 3,023 | 3,043 | 3,019 | 2,941 | 3,153 | 2,989 |
U.S. citizens and permanent residents, all fieldsb | 30,844 | 32,327 | 31,602 | 31,725 | 32,981 | 33,964 | 34,004 | 35,071 | 35,671 | 35,738 | 35,404 |
Science and engineering | 19,869 | 21,103 | 21,406 | 21,963 | 22,857 | 23,461 | 23,884 | 24,518 | 25,057 | 25,446 | 25,473 |
Science | 16,911 | 17,937 | 18,074 | 18,613 | 19,278 | 19,694 | 19,818 | 20,299 | 20,877 | 21,135 | 21,255 |
Computer and information sciences | 697 | 734 | 761 | 790 | 785 | 758 | 807 | 774 | 783 | 801 | 743 |
Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences | 536 | 559 | 573 | 555 | 623 | 654 | 722 | 704 | 803 | 790 | 760 |
Atmospheric sciences | 105 | 94 | 90 | 108 | 129 | 133 | 121 | 145 | 159 | 166 | 157 |
Earth sciences | 280 | 318 | 325 | 297 | 307 | 327 | 366 | 363 | 387 | 363 | 383 |
Ocean sciences | 151 | 147 | 158 | 150 | 187 | 194 | 235 | 196 | 257 | 261 | 220 |
Life sciences | 7,279 | 7,803 | 7,812 | 7,892 | 8,184 | 8,352 | 8,390 | 8,470 | 8,682 | 8,826 | 9,041 |
Agricultural sciences and natural resources | 647 | 712 | 618 | 697 | 675 | 737 | 754 | 774 | 771 | 822 | 793 |
Biological and biomedical sciences | 5,141 | 5,528 | 5,585 | 5,614 | 5,790 | 5,768 | 5,993 | 6,029 | 6,214 | 6,147 | 6,406 |
Health sciences | 1,491 | 1,563 | 1,609 | 1,581 | 1,719 | 1,847 | 1,643 | 1,667 | 1,697 | 1,857 | 1,842 |
Mathematics and Statistics | 673 | 772 | 838 | 813 | 842 | 873 | 931 | 889 | 946 | 947 | 996 |
Physical sciences | 2,138 | 2,355 | 2,287 | 2,493 | 2,525 | 2,593 | 2,578 | 2,777 | 2,866 | 2,925 | 3,011 |
Astronomy | 175 | 174 | 190 | 198 | 191 | 212 | 199 | 190 | 236 | 238 | 253 |
Chemistry | 1,231 | 1,391 | 1,323 | 1,407 | 1,385 | 1,443 | 1,447 | 1,572 | 1,581 | 1,697 | 1,711 |
Physics | 732 | 790 | 774 | 888 | 949 | 938 | 932 | 1,015 | 1,049 | 990 | 1,047 |
Psychology and social sciences | 5,588 | 5,714 | 5,803 | 6,070 | 6,319 | 6,464 | 6,390 | 6,685 | 6,797 | 6,846 | 6,704 |
Anthropology | 400 | 403 | 384 | 455 | 445 | 457 | 405 | 397 | 360 | 349 | 335 |
Economics | 405 | 418 | 459 | 428 | 517 | 505 | 469 | 552 | 521 | 547 | 484 |
Political science | 441 | 483 | 522 | 488 | 536 | 593 | 574 | 621 | 579 | 572 | 543 |
Psychology | 2,892 | 2,908 | 2,874 | 3,062 | 3,046 | 3,067 | 3,042 | 3,102 | 3,341 | 3,377 | 3,321 |
Sociology | 463 | 506 | 519 | 511 | 512 | 516 | 545 | 596 | 506 | 562 | 556 |
Other social sciences | 987 | 996 | 1,045 | 1,126 | 1,263 | 1,326 | 1,355 | 1,417 | 1,490 | 1,439 | 1,465 |
Engineering | 2,958 | 3,166 | 3,332 | 3,350 | 3,579 | 3,767 | 4,066 | 4,219 | 4,180 | 4,311 | 4,218 |
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering | 122 | 160 | 141 | 145 | 181 | 194 | 246 | 216 | 233 | 241 | 221 |
Bioengineering and biomedical engineering | 469 | 513 | 516 | 564 | 602 | 637 | 674 | 723 | 746 | 695 | 744 |
Chemical engineering | 396 | 411 | 433 | 393 | 377 | 365 | 445 | 488 | 470 | 469 | 469 |
Civil engineering | 207 | 262 | 231 | 216 | 159 | 182 | 229 | 231 | 219 | 231 | 200 |
Electrical, electronics, and communications engineering | 558 | 578 | 627 | 617 | 614 | 603 | 575 | 632 | 547 | 581 | 544 |
Industrial and manufacturing engineering | 90 | 70 | 62 | 100 | 75 | 77 | 91 | 65 | 82 | 85 | 62 |
Materials science engineering | 266 | 254 | 313 | 278 | 350 | 349 | 363 | 381 | 456 | 470 | 463 |
Mechanical engineering | 371 | 421 | 403 | 440 | 505 | 547 | 558 | 620 | 585 | 591 | 608 |
Other engineering | 479 | 497 | 606 | 597 | 716 | 813 | 885 | 863 | 842 | 948 | 907 |
Non-science and engineering | 10,975 | 11,224 | 10,196 | 9,762 | 10,124 | 10,503 | 10,120 | 10,553 | 10,614 | 10,292 | 9,931 |
Education | 5,584 | 5,584 | 4,476 | 3,878 | 4,040 | 4,118 | 3,934 | 4,196 | 4,301 | 4,052 | 4,033 |
Humanities and arts | 3,744 | 3,893 | 4,029 | 4,191 | 4,434 | 4,535 | 4,361 | 4,478 | 4,448 | 4,297 | 4,150 |
Other non-science and engineering | 1,647 | 1,747 | 1,691 | 1,693 | 1,650 | 1,850 | 1,825 | 1,879 | 1,865 | 1,943 | 1,748 |
Temporary visa holders, all fields | 15,261 | 14,736 | 13,636 | 14,235 | 14,784 | 15,674 | 15,839 | 16,129 | 16,474 | 16,290 | 17,604 |
Science and engineering | 13,045 | 12,570 | 11,675 | 12,185 | 12,729 | 13,435 | 13,725 | 14,010 | 14,311 | 14,124 | 15,223 |
Science | 8,553 | 8,349 | 7,809 | 8,021 | 8,374 | 8,676 | 8,764 | 8,902 | 9,469 | 9,086 | 9,640 |
Computer and information sciences | 1,005 | 791 | 760 | 759 | 870 | 990 | 1,029 | 1,094 | 1,201 | 1,105 | 1,166 |
Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences | 293 | 295 | 251 | 246 | 281 | 290 | 326 | 307 | 390 | 332 | 392 |
Atmospheric sciences | 78 | 72 | 71 | 61 | 71 | 68 | 71 | 62 | 81 | 77 | 101 |
Earth sciences | 155 | 157 | 116 | 125 | 133 | 138 | 178 | 159 | 205 | 174 | 185 |
Ocean sciences | 60 | 66 | 64 | 60 | 77 | 84 | 77 | 86 | 104 | 81 | 106 |
Life sciences | 3,252 | 3,097 | 2,926 | 3,029 | 3,197 | 3,177 | 3,169 | 3,264 | 3,350 | 3,332 | 3,364 |
Agricultural sciences and natural resources | 492 | 509 | 412 | 472 | 529 | 516 | 504 | 555 | 560 | 608 | 609 |
Biological and biomedical sciences | 2,302 | 2,190 | 2,084 | 2,124 | 2,166 | 2,154 | 2,229 | 2,266 | 2,303 | 2,180 | 2,160 |
Health sciences | 458 | 398 | 430 | 433 | 502 | 507 | 436 | 443 | 487 | 544 | 595 |
Mathematics and Statistics | 651 | 713 | 686 | 690 | 747 | 843 | 821 | 823 | 852 | 821 | 964 |
Physical sciences | 1,734 | 1,733 | 1,633 | 1,709 | 1,678 | 1,742 | 1,870 | 1,792 | 1,923 | 1,829 | 1,983 |
Astronomy | 66 | 80 | 67 | 82 | 69 | 79 | 72 | 68 | 74 | 93 | 93 |
Chemistry | 879 | 889 | 847 | 907 | 880 | 888 | 1,000 | 929 | 1,000 | 920 | 1,022 |
Physics | 789 | 764 | 719 | 720 | 729 | 775 | 798 | 795 | 849 | 816 | 868 |
Psychology and social sciences | 1,618 | 1,720 | 1,553 | 1,588 | 1,601 | 1,634 | 1,549 | 1,622 | 1,753 | 1,667 | 1,771 |
Anthropology | 63 | 81 | 88 | 73 | 74 | 76 | 86 | 68 | 76 | 65 | 70 |
Economics | 621 | 656 | 556 | 623 | 656 | 615 | 627 | 606 | 656 | 641 | 707 |
Political science | 160 | 178 | 162 | 150 | 150 | 163 | 145 | 178 | 128 | 140 | 159 |
Psychology | 249 | 258 | 270 | 238 | 254 | 282 | 249 | 260 | 305 | 286 | 285 |
Sociology | 119 | 139 | 95 | 113 | 85 | 92 | 90 | 101 | 89 | 93 | 89 |
Other social sciences | 406 | 408 | 382 | 391 | 382 | 406 | 352 | 409 | 499 | 442 | 461 |
Engineering | 4,492 | 4,221 | 3,866 | 4,164 | 4,355 | 4,759 | 4,961 | 5,108 | 4,842 | 5,038 | 5,583 |
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering | 127 | 126 | 99 | 100 | 107 | 138 | 124 | 132 | 121 | 123 | 146 |
Bioengineering and biomedical engineering | 265 | 280 | 290 | 291 | 292 | 352 | 318 | 348 | 301 | 300 | 362 |
Chemical engineering | 439 | 383 | 359 | 379 | 414 | 409 | 482 | 461 | 401 | 426 | 478 |
Civil engineering | 468 | 419 | 378 | 373 | 303 | 333 | 339 | 359 | 307 | 427 | 443 |
Electrical, electronics, and communications engineering | 1,219 | 1,050 | 1,040 | 1,109 | 1,181 | 1,160 | 1,217 | 1,237 | 1,160 | 1,216 | 1,319 |
Industrial and manufacturing engineering | 175 | 175 | 142 | 152 | 140 | 156 | 185 | 161 | 164 | 157 | 196 |
Materials science engineering | 339 | 352 | 326 | 350 | 334 | 435 | 419 | 448 | 494 | 428 | 502 |
Mechanical engineering | 651 | 646 | 519 | 568 | 631 | 664 | 686 | 783 | 652 | 742 | 831 |
Other engineering | 809 | 790 | 713 | 842 | 953 | 1,112 | 1,191 | 1,179 | 1,242 | 1,219 | 1,306 |
Non-science and engineering | 2,216 | 2,166 | 1,961 | 2,050 | 2,055 | 2,239 | 2,114 | 2,119 | 2,163 | 2,166 | 2,381 |
Education | 567 | 567 | 478 | 497 | 460 | 515 | 478 | 539 | 561 | 534 | 613 |
Humanities and arts | 723 | 729 | 667 | 767 | 761 | 779 | 731 | 713 | 712 | 692 | 738 |
Other non-science and engineering | 926 | 870 | 816 | 786 | 834 | 945 | 905 | 867 | 890 | 940 | 1,030 |