Table 10-3. Employed U.S. scientists and engineers with a master's as the highest degree, by occupation, age, and primary or secondary work activity: 2013 |
Level of highest degree, occupation, and age (years) | Primary or secondary work activity | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Employed scientists and engineers | Computer applications | Management, sales, administration | Research and development | Teaching | Other | |||||||
Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | |
Master's | 6,882,000 | 109,500 | 730,000 | 21,500 | 3,874,000 | 71,000 | 1,951,000 | 42,500 | 1,748,000 | 54,500 | 2,483,000 | 47,000 |
< 30 | 655,000 | 23,500 | 86,000 | 5,500 | 261,000 | 13,500 | 299,000 | 14,000 | 179,000 | 12,500 | 238,000 | 13,000 |
30–39 | 1,841,000 | 43,000 | 228,000 | 11,500 | 1,010,000 | 31,500 | 586,000 | 20,500 | 486,000 | 24,500 | 643,000 | 22,000 |
40–49 | 1,785,000 | 45,500 | 222,000 | 12,000 | 1,090,000 | 33,500 | 481,000 | 19,500 | 422,000 | 24,000 | 582,000 | 20,000 |
50–59 | 1,586,000 | 36,000 | 128,000 | 8,500 | 932,000 | 26,500 | 397,000 | 14,000 | 400,000 | 20,000 | 601,000 | 20,000 |
60–75 | 1,015,000 | 31,500 | 65,000 | 7,000 | 581,000 | 23,500 | 188,000 | 11,500 | 261,000 | 17,000 | 419,000 | 17,000 |
S&E occupations | 1,689,000 | 43,500 | 524,000 | 17,000 | 699,000 | 23,000 | 948,000 | 28,000 | 191,000 | 11,000 | 402,000 | 17,000 |
< 30 | 236,000 | 11,000 | 71,000 | 5,000 | 63,000 | 6,000 | 173,000 | 8,500 | 33,000 | 4,000 | 47,000 | 6,000 |
30–39 | 485,000 | 16,000 | 169,000 | 9,000 | 199,000 | 9,500 | 281,000 | 12,000 | 46,000 | 4,500 | 112,000 | 7,500 |
40–49 | 434,000 | 17,500 | 155,000 | 10,000 | 206,000 | 11,000 | 223,000 | 11,000 | 32,000 | 3,500 | 98,000 | 7,000 |
50–59 | 350,000 | 15,500 | 94,000 | 6,500 | 155,000 | 9,500 | 187,000 | 10,000 | 39,000 | 5,500 | 87,000 | 6,000 |
60–75 | 184,000 | 10,000 | 35,000 | 4,000 | 76,000 | 6,500 | 85,000 | 5,500 | 41,000 | 5,000 | 57,000 | 5,500 |
Science occupations | 1,233,000 | 36,500 | 463,000 | 16,500 | 467,000 | 18,000 | 643,000 | 24,000 | 176,000 | 11,000 | 304,000 | 16,500 |
< 30 | 167,000 | 10,000 | 55,000 | 4,500 | 44,000 | 6,000 | 117,000 | 7,000 | 30,000 | 3,500 | 35,000 | 6,000 |
30–39 | 371,000 | 14,000 | 154,000 | 9,000 | 138,000 | 8,000 | 202,000 | 10,500 | 42,000 | 4,500 | 89,000 | 7,000 |
40–49 | 320,000 | 14,500 | 140,000 | 9,500 | 142,000 | 8,500 | 151,000 | 9,000 | 29,000 | 3,500 | 74,000 | 6,500 |
50–59 | 242,000 | 13,500 | 83,000 | 6,500 | 94,000 | 7,500 | 121,000 | 9,000 | 35,000 | 5,500 | 62,000 | 5,500 |
60–75 | 133,000 | 9,000 | 31,000 | 4,000 | 49,000 | 5,500 | 53,000 | 5,000 | 39,000 | 5,000 | 44,000 | 5,000 |
Biological/ agricultural/ other life scientists | 158,000 | 15,500 | 7,000 | 2,000 | 64,000 | 10,000 | 110,000 | 9,500 | 26,000 | 3,000 | 41,000 | 6,500 |
< 30 | 28,000 | 3,500 | 3,000 | 1,000 | 6,000 | 1,500 | 24,000 | 3,000 | 5,000 | 1,500 | 6,000 | 1,500 |
30–39 | 46,000 | 6,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 13,000 | 2,500 | 39,000 | 5,500 | 5,000 | 2,000 | 9,000 | 2,500 |
40–49 | 38,000 | 5,500 | S | S | 20,000 | 4,000 | 19,000 | 2,500 | 5,000 | 1,500 | 11,000 | 3,000 |
50–59 | 28,000 | 4,500 | S | S | 16,000 | 3,500 | 20,000 | 3,500 | 6,000 | 1,500 | 7,000 | 2,000 |
60–75 | 18,000 | 4,000 | D | D | 10,000 | 3,500 | 8,000 | 2,000 | 4,000 | 1,500 | 7,000 | 2,500 |
Agricultural/ food scientists | 19,000 | 5,500 | * | * | 7,000 | 2,500 | 17,000 | 5,000 | S | S | 2,000 | 1,000 |
< 30 | 2,000 | 1,000 | D | D | * | * | 2,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 |
30–39 | 8,000 | 3,500 | D | D | 2,000 | 1,000 | 7,000 | 3,500 | D | D | S | S |
40–49 | 2,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 | 1,000 | 500 | D | D | D | D |
50–59 | 4,000 | 1,500 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 | 4,000 | 1,500 | D | D | * | * |
60–75 | 3,000 | 2,000 | D | D | S | S | S | S | D | D | * | * |
Biological and medical scientists | 103,000 | 8,500 | 6,000 | 2,000 | 39,000 | 5,000 | 77,000 | 6,000 | 4,000 | 1,000 | 29,000 | 4,500 |
< 30 | 21,000 | 3,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 4,000 | 1,500 | 19,000 | 3,000 | 1,000 | 500 | 4,000 | 1,000 |
30–39 | 33,000 | 4,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 10,000 | 2,000 | 30,000 | 4,000 | S | S | 8,000 | 2,000 |
40–49 | 29,000 | 4,500 | S | S | 15,000 | 3,500 | 15,000 | 2,500 | D | D | 9,000 | 2,500 |
50–59 | 14,000 | 2,500 | D | D | 7,000 | 1,500 | 10,000 | 1,500 | * | * | 5,000 | 1,500 |
60–75 | 6,000 | 1,500 | D | D | 3,000 | 1,000 | 4,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 3,000 | 1,000 |
Environmental life scientists | 15,000 | 6,000 | D | D | 13,000 | 5,500 | 7,000 | 3,000 | D | D | 7,000 | 3,500 |
< 30 | 1,000 | 500 | D | D | D | D | S | S | D | D | D | D |
30–39 | 2,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 | 1,000 | 500 | D | D | D | D |
40–49 | S | S | D | D | S | S | D | D | D | D | S | S |
50–59 | 5,000 | 2,500 | D | D | 5,000 | 2,500 | S | S | D | D | 1,000 | 1,000 |
60–75 | S | S | D | D | D | D | S | S | D | D | D | D |
Postsecondary teachers - life/ related sciences | 20,000 | 3,000 | D | D | 6,000 | 2,000 | 9,000 | 2,000 | 18,000 | 2,500 | 3,000 | 1,500 |
< 30 | 4,000 | 1,500 | D | D | * | * | 3,000 | 1,000 | 4,000 | 1,500 | D | D |
30–39 | 3,000 | 1,000 | D | D | * | * | 2,000 | 1,000 | 3,000 | 1,000 | D | D |
40–49 | 5,000 | 1,500 | D | D | S | S | 1,000 | 1,000 | 4,000 | 1,500 | D | D |
50–59 | 5,000 | 2,000 | D | D | 3,000 | 1,500 | 3,000 | 1,500 | 4,000 | 1,500 | D | D |
60–75 | 4,000 | 1,500 | D | D | S | S | S | S | 4,000 | 1,500 | D | D |
Computer/ mathematical scientists | 744,000 | 24,500 | 445,000 | 16,500 | 290,000 | 12,500 | 362,000 | 17,000 | 60,000 | 5,500 | 112,000 | 7,500 |
< 30 | 74,000 | 5,000 | 48,000 | 4,000 | 20,000 | 2,500 | 49,000 | 4,000 | 8,000 | 2,000 | 5,000 | 1,500 |
30–39 | 229,000 | 10,500 | 148,000 | 9,000 | 93,000 | 6,500 | 107,000 | 7,000 | 14,000 | 2,500 | 34,000 | 4,000 |
40–49 | 228,000 | 12,000 | 137,000 | 9,500 | 101,000 | 7,500 | 107,000 | 8,000 | 11,000 | 2,000 | 36,000 | 4,000 |
50–59 | 152,000 | 9,500 | 80,000 | 6,500 | 57,000 | 5,500 | 73,000 | 7,500 | 11,000 | 2,500 | 25,000 | 3,500 |
60–75 | 62,000 | 5,500 | 30,000 | 4,000 | 20,000 | 3,000 | 26,000 | 4,000 | 14,000 | 2,500 | 12,000 | 2,000 |
Computer and information scientists | 647,000 | 23,000 | 426,000 | 16,000 | 265,000 | 12,000 | 309,000 | 15,500 | 12,000 | 2,500 | 96,000 | 6,500 |
< 30 | 56,000 | 4,500 | 44,000 | 4,000 | 15,000 | 2,000 | 36,000 | 3,500 | D | D | 3,000 | 1,000 |
30–39 | 203,000 | 10,000 | 142,000 | 9,000 | 87,000 | 6,000 | 90,000 | 6,500 | 3,000 | 1,000 | 31,000 | 3,500 |
40–49 | 207,000 | 12,000 | 131,000 | 9,500 | 93,000 | 7,500 | 97,000 | 7,500 | 3,000 | 1,000 | 33,000 | 4,000 |
50–59 | 134,000 | 9,500 | 79,000 | 6,500 | 53,000 | 5,500 | 64,000 | 7,000 | 3,000 | 1,500 | 19,000 | 3,000 |
60–75 | 47,000 | 5,000 | 29,000 | 4,000 | 18,000 | 2,500 | 22,000 | 3,500 | 3,000 | 1,000 | 10,000 | 2,000 |
Mathematical scientists | 48,000 | 6,500 | 15,000 | 2,500 | 16,000 | 3,000 | 38,000 | 6,000 | 1,000 | 1,000 | 10,000 | 3,000 |
< 30 | 11,000 | 2,000 | 4,000 | 1,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 9,000 | 2,000 | D | D | 2,000 | 1,500 |
30–39 | 14,000 | 3,000 | 6,000 | 1,500 | 5,000 | 1,500 | 12,000 | 2,500 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 |
40–49 | 13,000 | 3,000 | 4,000 | 1,500 | 5,000 | 2,000 | 9,000 | 2,500 | D | D | 2,000 | 1,000 |
50–59 | 8,000 | 2,500 | 1,000 | 500 | 3,000 | 1,500 | 6,000 | 2,000 | D | D | 4,000 | 2,000 |
60–75 | 3,000 | 1,000 | * | * | S | S | 2,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 |
Postsecondary teachers - computer/ math sciences | 49,000 | 5,500 | 3,000 | 1,000 | 8,000 | 2,000 | 15,000 | 3,000 | 47,000 | 5,000 | 7,000 | 2,000 |
< 30 | 8,000 | 2,000 | * | * | S | S | 3,000 | 1,000 | 8,000 | 2,000 | D | D |
30–39 | 12,000 | 2,500 | 1,000 | 500 | 2,000 | 500 | 5,000 | 2,000 | 11,000 | 2,500 | S | S |
40–49 | 8,000 | 2,000 | D | D | 2,000 | 1,000 | S | S | 8,000 | 2,000 | S | S |
50–59 | 9,000 | 2,500 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 | 3,000 | 1,500 | 9,000 | 2,500 | 2,000 | 1,000 |
60–75 | 12,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 500 | 1,000 | 1,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 12,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 1,000 |
Physical/ related scientists | 83,000 | 6,000 | 6,000 | 1,500 | 29,000 | 3,500 | 60,000 | 4,500 | 15,000 | 2,500 | 22,000 | 3,000 |
< 30 | 17,000 | 2,000 | 3,000 | 1,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 14,000 | 2,000 | 5,000 | 1,500 | 4,000 | 1,000 |
30–39 | 21,000 | 2,500 | 1,000 | 500 | 7,000 | 1,500 | 15,000 | 2,000 | 5,000 | 1,500 | 5,000 | 1,000 |
40–49 | 14,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 500 | 7,000 | 1,500 | 10,000 | 1,500 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 4,000 | 1,000 |
50–59 | 19,000 | 3,000 | 1,000 | 1,000 | 9,000 | 2,000 | 12,000 | 2,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 6,000 | 1,500 |
60–75 | 12,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 500 | 3,000 | 1,000 | 8,000 | 2,000 | S | S | 4,000 | 1,000 |
Chemists, except biochemists | 20,000 | 3,000 | D | D | 6,000 | 1,500 | 15,000 | 2,500 | 1,000 | 500 | 6,000 | 1,500 |
< 30 | 4,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 | 4,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 2,000 | 1,000 |
30–39 | 5,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 2,000 | 1,000 | 4,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 |
40–49 | 4,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 | 3,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 |
50–59 | 5,000 | 1,500 | D | D | 2,000 | 1,000 | 3,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 |
60–75 | 2,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 | 1,000 | 500 | D | D | 2,000 | 500 |
Earth/ atmospheric/ ocean scientists | 30,000 | 3,500 | 3,000 | 1,000 | 13,000 | 2,000 | 22,000 | 2,500 | 1,000 | 500 | 9,000 | 1,500 |
< 30 | 4,000 | 1,000 | 1,000 | 500 | 1,000 | 500 | 4,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 |
30–39 | 7,000 | 1,500 | * | * | 3,000 | 1,000 | 5,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 2,000 | 1,000 |
40–49 | 4,000 | 1,000 | * | * | 3,000 | 1,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 2,000 | 500 |
50–59 | 9,000 | 2,000 | S | S | 4,000 | 1,500 | 6,000 | 1,500 | D | D | 3,000 | 1,000 |
60–75 | 6,000 | 1,500 | 1,000 | 500 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 4,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 1,000 | 1,000 |
Physicists and astronomers | 8,000 | 1,500 | 3,000 | 1,000 | 1,000 | 500 | 7,000 | 1,500 | S | S | 2,000 | 500 |
< 30 | 4,000 | 1,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 4,000 | 1,000 | S | S | * | * |
30–39 | 2,000 | 500 | * | * | 1,000 | 500 | 1,000 | 500 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 |
40–49 | 1,000 | 500 | D | D | D | D | 1,000 | 500 | D | D | D | D |
50–59 | 1,000 | 1,000 | D | D | D | D | S | S | D | D | D | D |
60–75 | * | * | D | D | D | D | * | * | D | D | D | D |
Postsecondary teachers - physical/ related sciences | 13,000 | 2,500 | D | D | 2,000 | 1,000 | 8,000 | 2,500 | 12,000 | 2,500 | 1,000 | 500 |
< 30 | 3,000 | 1,000 | D | D | S | S | 2,000 | 1,000 | 3,000 | 1,000 | * | * |
30–39 | 5,000 | 1,500 | D | D | S | S | 3,000 | 1,500 | 5,000 | 1,500 | D | D |
40–49 | 2,000 | 1,000 | D | D | D | D | S | S | 2,000 | 1,000 | D | D |
50–59 | 2,000 | 1,000 | D | D | D | D | D | D | 1,000 | 1,000 | D | D |
60–75 | S | S | D | D | D | D | D | D | S | S | D | D |
Other physical/ related scientists | 12,000 | 2,000 | * | * | 7,000 | 2,000 | 8,000 | 1,500 | D | D | 5,000 | 1,500 |
< 30 | 1,000 | 500 | D | D | S | S | 1,000 | 500 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 |
30–39 | 3,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 | 2,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 |
40–49 | 3,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 2,000 | 1,000 | 3,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 1,000 | 1,000 |
50–59 | 3,000 | 1,500 | D | D | 3,000 | 1,500 | 1,000 | 1,000 | D | D | S | S |
60–75 | S | S | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | S | S |
Social science, psychology | 249,000 | 17,000 | 5,000 | 1,500 | 84,000 | 9,000 | 112,000 | 9,500 | 75,000 | 7,500 | 128,000 | 12,000 |
< 30 | 48,000 | 8,000 | 1,000 | 500 | 16,000 | 5,000 | 30,000 | 4,500 | 12,000 | 2,500 | 20,000 | 5,500 |
30–39 | 76,000 | 7,500 | 2,000 | 1,500 | 25,000 | 4,000 | 41,000 | 5,000 | 18,000 | 2,500 | 40,000 | 6,000 |
40–49 | 40,000 | 5,000 | S | S | 14,000 | 3,000 | 15,000 | 2,500 | 11,000 | 2,500 | 23,000 | 4,000 |
50–59 | 43,000 | 6,000 | * | * | 13,000 | 3,000 | 15,000 | 3,000 | 16,000 | 4,500 | 24,000 | 3,500 |
60–75 | 42,000 | 5,500 | D | D | 15,000 | 3,500 | 11,000 | 2,500 | 18,000 | 4,000 | 21,000 | 3,500 |
Economists | 14,000 | 2,500 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 4,000 | 1,000 | 12,000 | 2,500 | * | * | 5,000 | 1,500 |
< 30 | 6,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 500 | S | S | 6,000 | 2,000 | D | D | S | S |
30–39 | 5,000 | 1,500 | S | S | 1,000 | 500 | 3,000 | 1,500 | D | D | 2,000 | 500 |
40–49 | 2,000 | 500 | * | * | 1,000 | 500 | 1,000 | 500 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 |
50–59 | 1,000 | 500 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 | 1,000 | 500 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 |
60–75 | 1,000 | 500 | D | D | * | * | * | * | D | D | * | * |
Political scientists | 10,000 | 3,000 | D | D | 2,000 | 1,000 | 9,000 | 2,500 | D | D | 5,000 | 2,500 |
< 30 | 1,000 | 1,000 | D | D | * | * | 1,000 | 1,000 | D | D | * | * |
30–39 | 7,000 | 2,500 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 | 6,000 | 2,500 | D | D | S | S |
40–49 | S | S | D | D | D | D | S | S | D | D | D | D |
50–59 | * | * | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
60–75 | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
Postsecondary teachers - social/ related sciences | 64,000 | 7,500 | * | * | 10,000 | 2,500 | 27,000 | 4,000 | 62,000 | 7,000 | 8,000 | 2,500 |
< 30 | 10,000 | 2,500 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 | 6,000 | 2,000 | 10,000 | 2,500 | 1,000 | 500 |
30–39 | 15,000 | 2,500 | D | D | 4,000 | 1,500 | 7,000 | 2,000 | 15,000 | 2,500 | 2,000 | 1,000 |
40–49 | 8,000 | 2,000 | D | D | D | D | 4,000 | 2,000 | 8,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 1,000 |
50–59 | 13,000 | 4,000 | D | D | 3,000 | 1,500 | 3,000 | 1,000 | 13,000 | 4,000 | 1,000 | 1,000 |
60–75 | 17,000 | 3,500 | D | D | 1,000 | 1,000 | 6,000 | 2,000 | 17,000 | 3,500 | S | S |
Psychologists | 98,000 | 10,500 | * | * | 36,000 | 6,500 | 26,000 | 4,500 | 11,000 | 2,000 | 86,000 | 10,000 |
< 30 | 21,000 | 6,500 | D | D | 11,000 | 5,000 | 9,000 | 2,500 | 1,000 | 1,000 | 15,000 | 5,500 |
30–39 | 25,000 | 3,500 | D | D | 8,000 | 1,500 | 6,000 | 1,500 | 3,000 | 1,000 | 22,000 | 3,000 |
40–49 | 17,000 | 3,000 | D | D | 5,000 | 2,000 | 3,000 | 1,000 | 3,000 | 1,500 | 15,000 | 3,000 |
50–59 | 20,000 | 3,500 | D | D | 5,000 | 1,500 | 7,000 | 2,500 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 18,000 | 3,500 |
60–75 | 16,000 | 3,000 | D | D | 7,000 | 2,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 1,000 | 500 | 14,000 | 2,500 |
Sociologists and anthropologists | 7,000 | 1,500 | S | S | 3,000 | 1,000 | 6,000 | 1,000 | * | * | 1,000 | 500 |
< 30 | 1,000 | 500 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 | * | * | D | D | D | D |
30–39 | 3,000 | 1,000 | S | S | 1,000 | 500 | 3,000 | 1,000 | D | D | * | * |
40–49 | 2,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 | 2,000 | 1,000 | D | D | * | * |
50–59 | S | S | D | D | D | D | S | S | D | D | D | D |
60–75 | * | * | D | D | * | * | * | * | D | D | D | D |
Other social and related scientists | 55,000 | 8,500 | S | S | 29,000 | 6,000 | 33,000 | 5,000 | S | S | 23,000 | 4,500 |
< 30 | 8,000 | 2,000 | D | D | 2,000 | 1,000 | 8,000 | 2,000 | D | D | 2,000 | 1,000 |
30–39 | 21,000 | 4,500 | D | D | 11,000 | 3,500 | 15,000 | 3,500 | D | D | 11,000 | 3,000 |
40–49 | 11,000 | 3,000 | D | D | 8,000 | 2,500 | 4,000 | 1,500 | D | D | 5,000 | 2,000 |
50–59 | 7,000 | 2,500 | D | D | 3,000 | 1,500 | 4,000 | 1,500 | D | D | 4,000 | 1,500 |
60–75 | 8,000 | 3,000 | D | D | 6,000 | 3,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 3,000 | 1,500 |
Engineering occupations | 456,000 | 16,000 | 61,000 | 4,500 | 233,000 | 10,500 | 305,000 | 10,500 | 15,000 | 2,000 | 98,000 | 5,500 |
< 30 | 68,000 | 5,000 | 15,000 | 2,500 | 19,000 | 2,000 | 56,000 | 4,500 | 3,000 | 1,500 | 12,000 | 1,500 |
30–39 | 114,000 | 6,000 | 15,000 | 2,000 | 61,000 | 4,500 | 79,000 | 5,000 | 4,000 | 1,000 | 23,000 | 2,500 |
40–49 | 115,000 | 7,500 | 16,000 | 2,500 | 65,000 | 5,000 | 72,000 | 5,000 | 3,000 | 1,000 | 24,000 | 3,000 |
50–59 | 108,000 | 6,000 | 11,000 | 2,000 | 61,000 | 5,000 | 66,000 | 4,500 | 3,000 | 1,000 | 26,000 | 3,000 |
60–75 | 51,000 | 4,500 | 4,000 | 1,000 | 27,000 | 3,500 | 32,000 | 3,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 13,000 | 2,000 |
Aeronautical/ aerospace/ astronautical engineers | 35,000 | 3,500 | 5,000 | 1,500 | 20,000 | 3,000 | 24,000 | 3,000 | 1,000 | 500 | 6,000 | 1,500 |
< 30 | 3,000 | 1,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | * | * | 3,000 | 1,000 | * | * | * | * |
30–39 | 9,000 | 1,500 | 1,000 | 500 | 5,000 | 1,500 | 7,000 | 1,500 | D | D | 2,000 | 1,000 |
40–49 | 8,000 | 1,500 | S | S | 5,000 | 1,500 | 5,000 | 1,500 | D | D | S | S |
50–59 | 11,000 | 2,000 | S | S | 8,000 | 2,000 | 7,000 | 2,000 | D | D | 3,000 | 1,000 |
60–75 | 3,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 2,000 | 1,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | D | D | D | D |
Chemical engineers | 13,000 | 2,000 | S | S | 5,000 | 1,500 | 11,000 | 2,000 | D | D | 3,000 | 1,000 |
< 30 | 3,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 | 3,000 | 1,000 | D | D | * | * |
30–39 | 3,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 2,000 | 1,000 | 3,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 |
40–49 | 3,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 | 2,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 |
50–59 | 2,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 1,000 | 1,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 |
60–75 | 2,000 | 1,000 | D | D | * | * | 2,000 | 500 | D | D | S | S |
Civil, including architectural/ sanitary engineers | 67,000 | 4,500 | 4,000 | 1,500 | 40,000 | 3,500 | 40,000 | 3,000 | 1,000 | 1,000 | 17,000 | 2,000 |
< 30 | 10,000 | 2,000 | S | S | 3,000 | 1,000 | 8,000 | 1,500 | D | D | 3,000 | 1,000 |
30–39 | 15,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 500 | 9,000 | 1,500 | 10,000 | 1,500 | D | D | 4,000 | 1,000 |
40–49 | 18,000 | 2,500 | S | S | 12,000 | 2,500 | 9,000 | 1,500 | D | D | 4,000 | 1,500 |
50–59 | 15,000 | 2,500 | D | D | 10,000 | 2,000 | 7,000 | 1,500 | D | D | 4,000 | 1,000 |
60–75 | 9,000 | 1,500 | D | D | 6,000 | 1,500 | 6,000 | 1,500 | D | D | 2,000 | 1,000 |
Electrical/ computer hardware engineers | 109,000 | 6,500 | 36,000 | 3,500 | 38,000 | 3,500 | 84,000 | 5,500 | S | S | 21,000 | 3,000 |
< 30 | 17,000 | 2,500 | 9,000 | 1,500 | 3,000 | 1,000 | 14,000 | 2,000 | D | D | 2,000 | 1,000 |
30–39 | 28,000 | 3,000 | 8,000 | 1,500 | 12,000 | 2,000 | 21,000 | 2,500 | D | D | 5,000 | 1,500 |
40–49 | 29,000 | 3,000 | 9,000 | 2,000 | 9,000 | 1,500 | 21,000 | 2,500 | D | D | 6,000 | 1,500 |
50–59 | 25,000 | 3,000 | 7,000 | 1,500 | 11,000 | 2,000 | 19,000 | 2,500 | D | D | 5,000 | 1,500 |
60–75 | 10,000 | 1,500 | 3,000 | 1,000 | 3,000 | 1,000 | 8,000 | 1,500 | D | D | 2,000 | 1,000 |
Industrial engineers | 21,000 | 3,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 15,000 | 2,500 | 8,000 | 1,500 | D | D | 7,000 | 1,500 |
< 30 | 2,000 | 1,000 | * | * | 1,000 | 500 | 1,000 | 500 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 |
30–39 | 5,000 | 1,500 | D | D | 5,000 | 1,500 | 2,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 2,000 | 1,000 |
40–49 | 6,000 | 2,000 | S | S | 4,000 | 1,500 | 3,000 | 1,000 | D | D | S | S |
50–59 | 6,000 | 1,500 | D | D | 4,000 | 1,500 | 1,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 3,000 | 1,000 |
60–75 | 1,000 | 500 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 | S | S | D | D | D | D |
Mechanical engineers | 77,000 | 4,500 | 5,000 | 1,000 | 36,000 | 3,500 | 61,000 | 4,000 | S | S | 12,000 | 2,000 |
< 30 | 14,000 | 2,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 4,000 | 1,000 | 12,000 | 2,000 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 |
30–39 | 19,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 500 | 9,000 | 1,500 | 15,000 | 2,000 | D | D | 2,000 | 500 |
40–49 | 18,000 | 2,500 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 9,000 | 1,500 | 14,000 | 2,000 | D | D | 3,000 | 1,000 |
50–59 | 18,000 | 2,500 | * | * | 10,000 | 2,000 | 14,000 | 2,000 | D | D | 3,000 | 1,000 |
60–75 | 9,000 | 1,500 | D | D | 4,000 | 1,000 | 6,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 3,000 | 1,000 |
Postsecondary teachers - engineering | 9,000 | 2,000 | D | D | 2,000 | 1,000 | 5,000 | 1,500 | 8,000 | 2,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 |
< 30 | 3,000 | 1,000 | D | D | D | D | 2,000 | 1,000 | 3,000 | 1,000 | D | D |
30–39 | 2,000 | 1,000 | D | D | * | * | 2,000 | 1,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | D | D |
40–49 | S | S | D | D | D | D | D | D | S | S | D | D |
50–59 | 2,000 | 1,000 | D | D | D | D | S | S | 2,000 | 1,000 | D | D |
60–75 | S | S | D | D | D | D | D | D | S | S | D | D |
Other engineers | 125,000 | 8,500 | 8,000 | 2,000 | 76,000 | 6,000 | 72,000 | 5,500 | 3,000 | 1,500 | 30,000 | 3,500 |
< 30 | 16,000 | 2,500 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 6,000 | 1,500 | 13,000 | 2,000 | D | D | 3,000 | 1,000 |
30–39 | 31,000 | 3,000 | 3,000 | 1,500 | 19,000 | 2,000 | 19,000 | 2,500 | S | S | 8,000 | 2,000 |
40–49 | 32,000 | 4,500 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 24,000 | 3,500 | 16,000 | 3,000 | D | D | 8,000 | 2,000 |
50–59 | 28,000 | 3,500 | D | D | 16,000 | 2,500 | 16,000 | 2,500 | D | D | 7,000 | 1,500 |
60–75 | 16,000 | 3,000 | D | D | 11,000 | 2,500 | 8,000 | 2,000 | D | D | 4,000 | 1,500 |
S&E-related occupations | 1,945,000 | 49,500 | 116,000 | 9,500 | 908,000 | 30,000 | 460,000 | 21,000 | 792,000 | 32,000 | 897,000 | 29,000 |
< 30 | 184,000 | 12,500 | 7,000 | 2,000 | 56,000 | 5,500 | 67,000 | 8,000 | 77,000 | 8,500 | 92,000 | 7,500 |
30–39 | 516,000 | 23,000 | 31,000 | 4,500 | 236,000 | 17,000 | 135,000 | 11,000 | 233,000 | 17,500 | 239,000 | 12,500 |
40–49 | 529,000 | 26,000 | 44,000 | 7,000 | 278,000 | 16,000 | 114,000 | 10,500 | 219,000 | 18,500 | 209,000 | 13,000 |
50–59 | 477,000 | 21,000 | 22,000 | 4,500 | 236,000 | 14,500 | 111,000 | 9,000 | 170,000 | 13,500 | 230,000 | 13,000 |
60–75 | 239,000 | 15,000 | 12,000 | 3,500 | 102,000 | 7,500 | 32,000 | 4,500 | 92,000 | 10,500 | 128,000 | 10,500 |
Health occupations | 888,000 | 30,000 | 13,000 | 4,000 | 322,000 | 16,000 | 158,000 | 11,500 | 258,000 | 12,500 | 713,000 | 24,500 |
< 30 | 94,000 | 8,500 | 1,000 | 500 | 27,000 | 4,000 | 24,000 | 3,500 | 26,000 | 3,500 | 80,000 | 7,000 |
30–39 | 231,000 | 12,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 69,000 | 6,000 | 50,000 | 6,500 | 70,000 | 6,000 | 190,000 | 10,500 |
40–49 | 184,000 | 10,000 | D | D | 70,000 | 6,500 | 27,000 | 3,500 | 52,000 | 5,500 | 154,000 | 9,500 |
50–59 | 252,000 | 14,500 | 8,000 | 4,000 | 110,000 | 10,000 | 45,000 | 5,500 | 70,000 | 7,000 | 189,000 | 11,500 |
60–75 | 126,000 | 9,000 | D | D | 47,000 | 5,500 | 13,000 | 2,500 | 40,000 | 4,500 | 99,000 | 8,500 |
S&E managers, including health | 277,000 | 15,500 | 30,000 | 5,000 | 277,000 | 15,500 | 59,000 | 6,000 | 6,000 | 2,500 | 53,000 | 6,000 |
< 30 | 10,000 | 2,500 | 1,000 | 500 | 10,000 | 2,500 | 2,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 4,000 | 1,500 |
30–39 | 60,000 | 6,000 | 10,000 | 3,000 | 60,000 | 6,000 | 15,000 | 3,000 | S | S | 12,000 | 2,500 |
40–49 | 105,000 | 9,500 | 13,000 | 3,500 | 105,000 | 9,500 | 21,000 | 3,500 | D | D | 21,000 | 4,500 |
50–59 | 79,000 | 7,500 | 4,000 | 1,500 | 79,000 | 7,500 | 17,000 | 3,500 | D | D | 14,000 | 2,500 |
60–75 | 22,000 | 4,000 | D | D | 22,000 | 4,000 | 4,000 | 1,000 | D | D | 3,000 | 1,500 |
S&E precollege teacher | 523,000 | 30,500 | 5,000 | 2,000 | 183,000 | 16,000 | 111,000 | 14,000 | 521,000 | 31,000 | 48,000 | 8,500 |
< 30 | 51,000 | 8,500 | D | D | 12,000 | 3,000 | 19,000 | 6,500 | 51,000 | 8,500 | 2,000 | 1,000 |
30–39 | 157,000 | 17,000 | S | S | 74,000 | 12,500 | 33,000 | 6,500 | 156,000 | 17,000 | 15,000 | 5,000 |
40–49 | 166,000 | 17,500 | S | S | 60,000 | 8,500 | 33,000 | 8,500 | 166,000 | 17,500 | 16,000 | 5,500 |
50–59 | 96,000 | 11,500 | S | S | 26,000 | 6,000 | 21,000 | 5,000 | 96,000 | 11,500 | 6,000 | 2,000 |
60–75 | 52,000 | 9,500 | D | D | 12,000 | 2,500 | 5,000 | 2,000 | 52,000 | 9,500 | 9,000 | 4,000 |
S&E technician/ technologist | 179,000 | 11,500 | 64,000 | 7,500 | 74,000 | 8,000 | 83,000 | 7,000 | 7,000 | 2,500 | 53,000 | 6,500 |
< 30 | 15,000 | 2,500 | 5,000 | 2,000 | 3,000 | 1,000 | 12,000 | 2,500 | * | * | 2,000 | 1,000 |
30–39 | 49,000 | 6,500 | 17,000 | 3,500 | 21,000 | 5,000 | 25,000 | 4,000 | S | S | 14,000 | 3,000 |
40–49 | 51,000 | 6,500 | 27,000 | 5,500 | 25,000 | 4,500 | 18,000 | 3,500 | D | D | 13,000 | 4,000 |
50–59 | 36,000 | 4,500 | 9,000 | 2,500 | 13,000 | 2,500 | 20,000 | 3,500 | D | D | 13,000 | 2,500 |
60–75 | 28,000 | 5,500 | 6,000 | 2,500 | 14,000 | 3,000 | 8,000 | 2,500 | D | D | 11,000 | 3,500 |
Other S&E-related | 79,000 | 7,500 | 3,000 | 2,000 | 52,000 | 6,500 | 49,000 | 6,000 | D | D | 31,000 | 4,500 |
< 30 | 14,000 | 4,000 | * | * | 5,000 | 2,500 | 11,000 | 4,000 | D | D | 4,000 | 1,500 |
30–39 | 19,000 | 4,000 | D | D | 13,000 | 3,500 | 12,000 | 3,000 | D | D | 8,000 | 2,500 |
40–49 | 22,000 | 4,000 | S | S | 18,000 | 4,000 | 15,000 | 3,500 | D | D | 6,000 | 2,000 |
50–59 | 14,000 | 3,000 | D | D | 9,000 | 3,000 | 8,000 | 2,500 | D | D | 7,000 | 2,500 |
60–75 | 10,000 | 2,500 | D | D | 8,000 | 2,500 | 3,000 | 1,500 | D | D | 6,000 | 2,500 |
Non-S&E occupations | 3,247,000 | 75,000 | 91,000 | 9,500 | 2,267,000 | 55,000 | 543,000 | 23,500 | 765,000 | 36,000 | 1,184,000 | 32,500 |
< 30 | 235,000 | 13,500 | 9,000 | 2,000 | 142,000 | 10,500 | 58,000 | 7,500 | 69,000 | 8,000 | 99,000 | 7,500 |
30–39 | 840,000 | 28,000 | 28,000 | 7,000 | 575,000 | 22,000 | 170,000 | 11,500 | 207,000 | 14,500 | 292,000 | 16,500 |
40–49 | 821,000 | 29,000 | 23,000 | 4,000 | 606,000 | 25,500 | 144,000 | 11,500 | 171,000 | 13,000 | 275,000 | 15,000 |
50–59 | 759,000 | 26,000 | 12,000 | 3,000 | 541,000 | 21,000 | 100,000 | 8,500 | 191,000 | 15,000 | 284,000 | 14,000 |
60–75 | 592,000 | 26,500 | 18,000 | 5,000 | 403,000 | 21,000 | 72,000 | 9,000 | 127,000 | 12,000 | 234,000 | 15,000 |
Arts/ humanities/ related | 106,000 | 10,000 | 3,000 | 2,000 | 62,000 | 7,500 | 38,000 | 7,500 | 8,000 | 3,000 | 50,000 | 7,000 |
< 30 | 7,000 | 2,500 | S | S | 4,000 | 2,500 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 1,000 | 500 | 2,000 | 1,000 |
30–39 | 29,000 | 4,500 | D | D | 20,000 | 3,500 | 8,000 | 2,500 | S | S | 13,000 | 3,500 |
40–49 | 19,000 | 5,000 | D | D | 11,000 | 3,500 | 11,000 | 4,500 | D | D | 10,000 | 4,000 |
50–59 | 23,000 | 4,500 | D | D | 13,000 | 3,500 | 6,000 | 2,000 | D | D | 12,000 | 3,500 |
60–75 | 29,000 | 6,000 | D | D | 13,000 | 3,500 | 11,000 | 5,000 | S | S | 13,000 | 4,500 |
Management-related | 659,000 | 28,500 | 29,000 | 4,000 | 580,000 | 27,000 | 148,000 | 11,000 | 14,000 | 3,000 | 193,000 | 14,000 |
< 30 | 46,000 | 5,500 | 4,000 | 1,500 | 38,000 | 5,000 | 12,000 | 2,000 | D | D | 12,000 | 2,000 |
30–39 | 196,000 | 13,500 | 12,000 | 2,500 | 163,000 | 12,000 | 59,000 | 7,000 | 5,000 | 2,000 | 52,000 | 6,500 |
40–49 | 175,000 | 12,500 | 8,000 | 2,000 | 161,000 | 12,000 | 33,000 | 4,500 | 3,000 | 1,500 | 41,000 | 5,000 |
50–59 | 126,000 | 10,000 | 3,000 | 1,500 | 114,000 | 10,000 | 26,000 | 5,000 | 3,000 | 1,500 | 48,000 | 7,500 |
60–75 | 116,000 | 11,000 | 2,000 | 1,500 | 103,000 | 10,500 | 17,000 | 4,000 | 3,000 | 1,500 | 41,000 | 6,500 |
Manager | 666,000 | 26,500 | 20,000 | 3,500 | 647,000 | 26,500 | 90,000 | 8,000 | 19,000 | 4,000 | 152,000 | 12,000 |
< 30 | 8,000 | 2,000 | D | D | 8,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 500 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 |
30–39 | 132,000 | 12,000 | 4,000 | 1,500 | 128,000 | 12,000 | 18,000 | 3,500 | 8,000 | 2,500 | 25,000 | 7,500 |
40–49 | 211,000 | 12,500 | 9,000 | 2,500 | 208,000 | 12,500 | 24,000 | 4,500 | 3,000 | 1,500 | 50,000 | 6,000 |
50–59 | 205,000 | 13,500 | 3,000 | 1,500 | 197,000 | 13,000 | 29,000 | 4,500 | 5,000 | 2,500 | 50,000 | 6,000 |
60–75 | 111,000 | 8,000 | 4,000 | 1,500 | 106,000 | 8,000 | 18,000 | 3,500 | 3,000 | 1,500 | 26,000 | 4,500 |
Postsecondary teacher | 81,000 | 6,500 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 27,000 | 4,000 | 21,000 | 3,500 | 80,000 | 6,500 | 12,000 | 2,000 |
< 30 | 5,000 | 1,500 | D | D | 1,000 | 500 | 3,000 | 1,000 | 5,000 | 1,500 | * | * |
30–39 | 25,000 | 3,500 | D | D | 10,000 | 3,000 | 6,000 | 1,500 | 24,000 | 3,500 | 4,000 | 1,500 |
40–49 | 14,000 | 2,500 | D | D | 3,000 | 1,000 | 5,000 | 2,000 | 14,000 | 2,500 | 3,000 | 1,000 |
50–59 | 15,000 | 3,000 | D | D | 7,000 | 2,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 15,000 | 3,000 | 3,000 | 1,000 |
60–75 | 22,000 | 3,500 | D | D | 7,000 | 2,000 | 5,000 | 2,000 | 22,000 | 3,500 | 2,000 | 1,000 |
Precollege/ other teacher | 451,000 | 28,500 | S | S | 148,000 | 13,500 | 61,000 | 9,500 | 447,000 | 28,500 | 65,000 | 7,000 |
< 30 | 41,000 | 6,500 | D | D | 16,000 | 4,000 | 11,000 | 4,500 | 41,000 | 6,500 | 7,000 | 2,500 |
30–39 | 118,000 | 11,500 | D | D | 42,000 | 6,500 | 15,000 | 4,000 | 116,000 | 11,500 | 16,000 | 3,500 |
40–49 | 109,000 | 11,500 | D | D | 31,000 | 7,000 | 22,000 | 5,500 | 109,000 | 11,500 | 12,000 | 3,000 |
50–59 | 130,000 | 13,000 | D | D | 36,000 | 6,500 | 12,000 | 4,000 | 129,000 | 13,000 | 24,000 | 5,500 |
60–75 | 52,000 | 7,500 | D | D | 23,000 | 5,500 | D | D | 52,000 | 7,500 | 5,000 | 1,500 |
Sales/ marketing | 303,000 | 16,000 | 3,000 | 1,500 | 286,000 | 15,500 | 43,000 | 5,500 | 10,000 | 3,000 | 72,000 | 8,000 |
< 30 | 23,000 | 4,000 | D | D | 22,000 | 4,000 | 6,000 | 2,000 | D | D | 5,000 | 2,000 |
30–39 | 65,000 | 6,500 | 1,000 | 500 | 58,000 | 6,000 | 12,000 | 2,500 | 2,000 | 1,500 | 13,000 | 3,000 |
40–49 | 92,000 | 9,000 | S | S | 88,000 | 8,500 | 16,000 | 3,500 | D | D | 24,000 | 5,000 |
50–59 | 66,000 | 7,500 | D | D | 63,000 | 7,500 | 7,000 | 2,500 | 1,000 | 1,000 | 20,000 | 4,000 |
60–75 | 57,000 | 7,000 | D | D | 55,000 | 7,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 5,000 | 2,500 | 10,000 | 2,500 |
Social service/ related | 498,000 | 20,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 215,000 | 11,500 | 62,000 | 7,000 | 112,000 | 10,000 | 422,000 | 18,000 |
< 30 | 58,000 | 6,000 | D | D | 20,000 | 3,000 | 9,000 | 2,000 | 16,000 | 4,000 | 53,000 | 6,000 |
30–39 | 145,000 | 11,000 | D | D | 74,000 | 8,000 | 19,000 | 4,000 | 28,000 | 5,000 | 117,000 | 9,000 |
40–49 | 114,000 | 9,500 | D | D | 44,000 | 5,500 | 19,000 | 4,000 | 29,000 | 5,000 | 99,000 | 9,000 |
50–59 | 97,000 | 9,000 | S | S | 43,000 | 6,000 | 10,000 | 3,000 | 22,000 | 5,000 | 79,000 | 8,000 |
60–75 | 84,000 | 9,000 | D | D | 33,000 | 6,000 | 6,000 | 2,000 | 18,000 | 3,500 | 75,000 | 8,500 |
Other non-S&E | 483,000 | 24,500 | 26,000 | 6,500 | 304,000 | 16,500 | 80,000 | 9,500 | 74,000 | 10,000 | 218,000 | 15,500 |
< 30 | 48,000 | 5,500 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 33,000 | 5,000 | 14,000 | 4,000 | 5,000 | 1,500 | 19,000 | 3,000 |
30–39 | 131,000 | 11,000 | S | S | 79,000 | 8,000 | 33,000 | 6,000 | 20,000 | 5,000 | 51,000 | 6,500 |
40–49 | 87,000 | 9,500 | 4,000 | 1,500 | 60,000 | 8,000 | 13,000 | 3,000 | 12,000 | 3,000 | 36,000 | 5,500 |
50–59 | 96,000 | 9,500 | 3,000 | 1,500 | 68,000 | 8,000 | 9,000 | 2,500 | 12,000 | 3,500 | 49,000 | 7,000 |
60–75 | 121,000 | 13,500 | 11,000 | 4,500 | 64,000 | 7,500 | 12,000 | 5,000 | 24,000 | 7,000 | 62,000 | 9,500 |
Data codes used in these tables: * = value < 500. D = suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information. S = suppressed for reliability; coefficient of variation exceeds publication standards. |
Abbreviations used in these tables: S&E = science and engineering; SE = standard error. |
NOTES: Numbers are rounded to the nearest 1,000. Standard errors for numbers are rounded up to the nearest 500. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. Scientists and engineers are bachelor's and higher degreed individuals living in the United States with an S&E or S&E-related degree or occupation. See appendix for additional details on coverage, eligibility, educational field classification, and occupational classification. |
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Scientists and Engineers Statistical Data System (SESTAT): 2013. |
Data from survey cycle 2013, as of 24 February 2015. |