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Table 11-4. Employed U.S. scientists and engineers with a doctorate as the highest degree, by occupation, ethnicity, race, and years since highest degree: 2013
 

Level of highest degree, occupation, ethnicity, and race              Employed scientists and engineers < 5 5–9 10–14 15–19 20–24 25–29 30–34 35+
Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE
Doctorate 1,154,000 16,000 217,000 7,500 186,000 5,000 170,000 6,500 167,000 6,000 129,000 4,500 100,000 5,500 84,000 3,500 102,000 4,000
Hispanic or Latinoa  51,000 4,000 13,000 2,500 10,000 1,500 8,000 1,000 5,000 1,000 5,000 1,000 3,000 500 2,000 1,000 5,000 2,000
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native 4,000 1,000 2,000 1,000 1,000 500 * * * * * * * * D D D D
Asian 239,000 6,000 58,000 4,500 50,000 2,000 39,000 2,000 39,000 2,500 24,000 1,500 13,000 1,500 7,000 1,000 8,000 1,000
Black or African American 47,000 3,000 10,000 1,500 12,000 2,000 7,000 1,000 8,000 1,500 4,000 1,000 3,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500
White 795,000 12,500 129,000 5,000 109,000 3,500 116,000 6,000 113,000 5,500 94,000 4,000 76,000 3,500 72,000 3,500 86,000 3,000
Other racec 18,000 4,000 5,000 1,000 3,000 500 1,000 500 2,000 500 2,000 500 S S 1,000 500 1,000 500
S&E occupations 708,000 8,500 145,000 5,000 126,000 3,500 103,000 3,000 96,000 3,500 73,000 2,500 57,000 2,000 49,000 2,000 60,000 2,000
Hispanic or Latinoa  28,000 1,500 8,000 1,000 6,000 1,000 5,000 500 3,000 500 2,000 500 2,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 1,000
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native 2,000 500 * * 1,000 500 * * * * * * D D D D D D
Asian 174,000 4,500 46,000 3,000 40,000 2,000 29,000 2,000 24,000 2,000 16,000 1,000 9,000 1,000 4,000 1,000 5,000 1,000
Black or African American 22,000 1,500 5,000 1,000 4,000 500 4,000 1,000 4,000 1,000 2,000 500 2,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500
White 475,000 7,000 84,000 3,500 73,000 3,000 65,000 2,500 64,000 3,000 53,000 2,000 44,000 1,500 42,000 2,000 52,000 2,000
Other racec 8,000 1,000 2,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * 1,000 500 * *
Science occupations 590,000 8,000 120,000 4,500 104,000 3,500 85,000 3,000 81,000 3,500 60,000 2,500 48,000 2,000 42,000 2,000 50,000 2,000
Hispanic or Latinoa  23,000 1,500 7,000 1,000 5,000 1,000 4,000 500 3,000 500 2,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 1,000
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native 1,000 500 * * 1,000 500 * * * * * * D D D D D D
Asian 126,000 4,000 34,000 3,000 29,000 2,000 21,000 1,500 18,000 2,000 11,000 1,000 7,000 1,000 3,000 1,000 3,000 500
Black or African American 20,000 1,500 5,000 1,000 3,000 500 3,000 1,000 3,000 1,000 2,000 500 2,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500
White 413,000 6,500 73,000 3,500 64,000 2,500 56,000 2,500 55,000 3,000 45,000 2,000 38,000 1,500 37,000 2,000 44,000 2,000
Other racec 7,000 1,000 2,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * 1,000 500 * *
Biological/ agricultural/ other life scientists 202,000 5,000 46,000 3,000 39,000 2,000 31,000 2,000 28,000 2,000 19,000 1,500 16,000 1,500 12,000 1,000 13,000 1,000
Hispanic or Latinoa  9,000 1,000 3,000 1,000 2,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * * * * *
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 55,000 3,500 16,000 2,500 11,000 1,000 11,000 1,500 8,000 1,500 4,000 1,000 2,000 1,000 2,000 500 1,000 500
Black or African American 4,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * S S * * * *
White 131,000 3,500 24,000 2,000 24,000 1,500 18,000 1,500 18,000 1,500 13,000 1,000 13,000 1,000 10,000 1,000 11,000 1,000
Other racec 3,000 500 1,000 500 * * * * * * * * * * * * D D
Agricultural/ food scientists 10,000 1,000 1,000 500 2,000 500 1,000 500 2,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500
Hispanic or Latinoa  1,000 500 * * * * * * D D * * D D D D D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 2,000 500 1,000 500 * * * * S S D D D D D D D D
Black or African American * * * * * * D D D D D D D D D D D D
White 7,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500
Other racec * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Biological and medical scientists 138,000 4,500 40,000 3,000 29,000 2,000 20,000 1,500 17,000 2,000 11,000 1,000 9,000 1,000 6,000 1,000 7,000 1,000
Hispanic or Latinoa  6,000 1,000 3,000 1,000 2,000 1,000 1,000 500 * * * * * * D D * *
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 46,000 3,500 15,000 2,500 9,000 1,000 8,000 1,500 6,000 1,000 3,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500
Black or African American 3,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * * * D D * * D D * *
White 82,000 3,500 20,000 2,000 17,000 1,500 10,000 1,000 11,000 1,500 8,000 1,000 7,000 1,000 4,000 500 5,000 500
Other racec 1,000 500 * * * * * * * * * * D D D D D D
Environmental life scientists 2,000 500 * * * * * * * * D D * * D D D D
Hispanic or Latinoa  * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Black or African American D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
White 2,000 500 * * * * * * * * D D * * D D D D
Other racec D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Postsecondary teachers - life/ related sciences 52,000 2,000 4,000 1,000 7,000 500 10,000 1,500 8,000 1,000 6,000 1,000 6,000 1,000 5,000 1,000 5,000 500
Hispanic or Latinoa  2,000 500 * * * * 1,000 500 * * * * * * D D * *
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 7,000 1,500 * * 1,000 500 2,000 500 2,000 1,000 1,000 500 S S * * * *
Black or African American 1,000 500 * * * * * * * * * * * * D D D D
White 40,000 2,000 3,000 1,000 6,000 500 7,000 1,500 6,000 1,000 5,000 500 5,000 500 5,000 1,000 4,000 500
Other racec 1,000 500 * * * * * * * * * * D D * * D D
Computer/ mathematical scientists 107,000 4,000 21,000 2,000 20,000 2,000 15,000 1,500 17,000 2,000 12,000 1,500 7,000 1,000 7,000 1,000 8,000 1,000
Hispanic or Latinoa  3,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * * * * * * * * * S S
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 36,000 2,500 9,000 1,500 10,000 1,500 5,000 500 5,000 500 4,000 500 2,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500
Black or African American 4,000 1,000 S S * * S S S S * * * * * * * *
White 62,000 3,000 10,000 1,500 9,000 1,500 9,000 1,000 10,000 1,500 8,000 1,500 5,000 500 6,000 1,000 6,000 1,000
Other racec 1,000 500 * * * * * * * * D D D D D D D D
Computer and information scientists 53,000 3,500 10,000 1,500 9,000 1,500 7,000 1,000 10,000 1,500 7,000 1,500 4,000 500 3,000 500 3,000 1,000
Hispanic or Latinoa  2,000 1,000 * * * * * * * * * * D D D D D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 21,000 2,000 6,000 1,500 6,000 1,500 2,000 500 4,000 500 2,000 500 1,000 500 * * * *
Black or African American 2,000 1,000 * * * * S S S S D D D D D D D D
White 28,000 2,500 4,000 1,000 3,000 500 4,000 1,000 6,000 1,500 5,000 1,500 2,000 500 2,000 500 2,000 500
Other racec * * * * * * * * * * D D D D D D D D
Mathematical scientists 18,000 1,500 5,000 1,000 4,000 500 3,000 500 2,000 500 2,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 1,000 1,000 500
Hispanic or Latinoa  * * * * * * D D D D D D D D D D D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 7,000 1,000 2,000 1,000 2,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * D D D D
Black or African American * * * * D D * * * * D D D D D D D D
White 10,000 1,500 2,000 1,000 1,000 500 2,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500
Other racec * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Postsecondary teachers - computer/ math sciences 35,000 2,500 6,000 1,500 7,000 1,500 5,000 1,000 5,000 1,000 3,000 500 3,000 500 3,000 1,000 4,000 500
Hispanic or Latinoa  1,000 500 * * * * * * * * * * * * D D D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 8,000 1,000 1,000 500 2,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * * * * *
Black or African American 2,000 1,000 S S * * * * * * * * D D D D * *
White 24,000 2,000 4,000 1,000 4,000 1,500 3,000 500 4,000 1,000 2,000 500 2,000 500 2,000 500 3,000 500
Other racec * * D D * * D D D D D D D D D D D D
Physical/ related scientists 107,000 3,000 17,000 1,500 18,000 1,500 14,000 1,000 14,000 1,500 12,000 1,000 11,000 1,000 9,000 1,000 13,000 1,500
Hispanic or Latinoa  3,000 500 1,000 500 * * 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * * * * * * *
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 22,000 2,000 5,000 500 5,000 1,000 4,000 1,000 3,000 1,000 2,000 500 2,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500
Black or African American 2,000 500 * * * * * * * * * * * * D D * *
White 79,000 2,500 11,000 1,000 12,000 1,500 10,000 1,000 9,000 1,000 9,000 1,000 8,000 1,000 8,000 1,000 12,000 1,500
Other racec 1,000 500 * * * * * * * * * * D D D D D D
Chemists, except biochemists 26,000 1,500 5,000 1,000 4,000 1,000 4,000 500 4,000 1,000 3,000 500 2,000 500 2,000 500 2,000 500
Hispanic or Latinoa  1,000 500 * * * * * * D D * * D D D D D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 8,000 1,500 2,000 500 2,000 1,000 1,000 500 2,000 1,000 1,000 500 * * * * D D
Black or African American 1,000 500 * * * * * * D D D D D D D D D D
White 16,000 1,000 2,000 500 2,000 500 2,000 500 2,000 500 2,000 500 2,000 500 2,000 500 2,000 500
Other racec * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Earth/ atmospheric/ ocean scientists 14,000 1,000 3,000 500 2,000 500 2,000 500 1,000 500 2,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 2,000 1,000
Hispanic or Latinoa  * * * * * * D D D D D D D D D D D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 2,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * * * * * D D D D D D
Black or African American * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
White 11,000 1,000 2,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 2,000 1,000
Other racec * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Physicists and astronomers 21,000 2,000 5,000 1,000 4,000 1,500 2,000 500 2,000 500 2,000 500 2,000 1,000 2,000 500 2,000 500
Hispanic or Latinoa  * * * * * * D D D D D D D D D D D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 4,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 D D * * 1,000 500 D D D D
Black or African American D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
White 16,000 2,000 4,000 1,000 3,000 1,500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 2,000 500 1,000 500 2,000 500
Other racec * * * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Postsecondary teachers - physical/ related sciences 40,000 2,000 3,000 500 6,000 500 6,000 1,000 6,000 1,000 5,000 500 5,000 1,000 3,000 1,000 6,000 1,000
Hispanic or Latinoa  2,000 500 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 6,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 1,000 1,000 500 S S * * * *
Black or African American 1,000 500 * * * * * * D D * * * * D D * *
White 31,000 1,500 2,000 500 4,000 500 5,000 500 4,000 500 3,000 500 4,000 500 3,000 1,000 5,000 1,000
Other racec * * D D * * D D D D * * D D D D D D
Other physical/ related scientists 6,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * 1,000 500 1,000 500
Hispanic or Latinoa  * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 1,000 500 * * * * * * D D * * D D D D D D
Black or African American * * * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
White 4,000 500 * * * * 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * * * 1,000 500 1,000 500
Other racec * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Social/ related scientists 174,000 4,000 36,000 2,500 28,000 1,500 24,000 1,500 22,000 2,000 17,000 1,000 15,000 1,000 15,000 1,000 16,000 1,000
Hispanic or Latinoa  8,000 500 2,000 500 2,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * * * * *
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native 1,000 500 * * * * * * D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 13,000 1,500 4,000 1,000 4,000 1,000 2,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * * *
Black or African American 9,000 1,000 2,000 500 2,000 500 1,000 500 2,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 * *
White 141,000 4,000 28,000 2,500 20,000 1,500 19,000 1,500 18,000 1,500 15,000 1,000 13,000 1,000 14,000 1,000 15,000 1,000
Other racec 3,000 500 1,000 500 * * * * 1,000 500 * * * * * * * *
Economists 10,000 1,000 2,000 500 2,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500
Hispanic or Latinoa  1,000 500 * * * * * * D D D D D D D D D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 2,000 500 1,000 500 * * * * * * D D D D D D D D
Black or African American * * D D D D * * D D D D D D D D D D
White 7,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500
Other racec * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Political scientists 1,000 500 * * * * D D * * D D D D D D D D
Hispanic or Latinoa  D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Black or African American * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
White 1,000 500 * * * * D D D D D D D D D D D D
Other racec D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Postsecondary teachers - social/ related sciences 87,000 3,500 18,000 2,000 15,000 1,500 13,000 1,500 12,000 1,500 8,000 1,000 7,000 1,000 7,000 1,000 7,000 1,000
Hispanic or Latinoa  4,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * * * * * D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native 1,000 500 * * * * D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 7,000 1,000 2,000 500 2,000 500 2,000 1,000 1,000 500 * * S S * * * *
Black or African American 5,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 S S 1,000 500 * * * * * *
White 69,000 3,000 14,000 2,000 11,000 1,500 10,000 1,000 9,000 1,000 6,000 1,000 6,000 1,000 6,000 1,000 7,000 1,000
Other racec 1,000 500 * * * * * * * * D D D D D D D D
Psychologists 60,000 2,000 11,000 1,500 7,000 500 7,000 1,000 7,000 1,000 8,000 500 6,000 500 7,000 1,000 6,000 1,000
Hispanic or Latinoa  3,000 500 1,000 500 * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 2,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * * * * * D D D D D D
Black or African American 2,000 500 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
White 51,000 2,000 9,000 1,500 5,000 500 6,000 1,000 7,000 1,000 7,000 500 6,000 500 6,000 1,000 6,000 1,000
Other racec 1,000 500 * * * * * * D D * * D D D D D D
Sociologists and anthropologists 5,000 1,000 2,000 1,000 1,000 500 * * * * * * * * * * * *
Hispanic or Latinoa  * * * * * * D D D D D D D D D D D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Black or African American * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
White 5,000 1,000 2,000 1,000 * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Other racec * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Other social and related scientists 11,000 1,500 3,000 1,000 3,000 1,000 2,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * * * 1,000 500
Hispanic or Latinoa  1,000 500 * * * * * * D D D D D D D D D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 2,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * D D D D D D D D D D
Black or African American 1,000 500 * * * * * * * * D D D D D D D D
White 8,000 1,000 2,000 500 2,000 500 2,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * * * 1,000 500
Other racec * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Engineering occupations 118,000 3,000 25,000 2,000 22,000 1,500 17,000 1,500 16,000 1,000 13,000 1,000 9,000 500 6,000 500 10,000 1,000
Hispanic or Latinoa  4,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * * * * * * * * *
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native * * D D * * D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 48,000 2,000 12,000 1,500 12,000 1,000 7,000 1,000 6,000 1,000 5,000 1,000 3,000 500 1,000 500 2,000 500
Black or African American 2,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * * * * * D D D D D D
White 63,000 2,000 11,000 1,000 8,000 500 9,000 1,000 9,000 1,000 7,000 500 6,000 500 5,000 500 8,000 1,000
Other racec 1,000 500 * * * * * * D D D D D D D D D D
Aeronautical/ aerospace/ astronautical engineers 6,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * 1,000 500
Hispanic or Latinoa  * * * * * * D D D D D D D D D D D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 1,000 500 * * * * D D * * 1,000 500 D D * * D D
Black or African American * * * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
White 4,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * * * * * 1,000 500
Other racec D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Chemical engineers 10,000 1,000 2,000 1,000 2,000 500 2,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * 1,000 500
Hispanic or Latinoa  * * * * * * * * D D D D D D D D D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 4,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * * * * * * * D D * *
Black or African American * * D D * * D D D D D D D D D D D D
White 5,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 1,000 * * 1,000 500 * * * * 1,000 500
Other racec * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Civil, including architectural/ sanitary engineers 6,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * * * 1,000 500 1,000 500
Hispanic or Latinoa  * * D D * * D D D D D D D D D D D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 2,000 500 1,000 500 * * * * * * D D D D D D D D
Black or African American * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
White 3,000 500 1,000 500 * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Other racec D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Electrical/ computer hardware engineers 26,000 1,500 6,000 1,000 5,000 500 4,000 1,000 4,000 1,000 3,000 500 2,000 500 1,000 500 2,000 500
Hispanic or Latinoa  * * D D * * D D * * D D D D D D D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 14,000 1,500 4,000 1,000 3,000 500 3,000 1,000 2,000 500 1,000 500 * * * * * *
Black or African American * * * * * * D D D D D D D D D D D D
White 11,000 1,000 2,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 2,000 500 2,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500
Other racec * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Industrial engineers 2,000 500 S S * * * * * * D D D D D D * *
Hispanic or Latinoa  * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Black or African American D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
White 1,000 500 * * * * D D D D D D D D D D * *
Other racec D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Mechanical engineers 13,000 1,500 4,000 1,000 3,000 500 2,000 500 2,000 500 1,000 500 * * * * 1,000 500
Hispanic or Latinoa  * * * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 6,000 1,000 2,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * D D * *
Black or African American * * D D * * D D D D D D D D D D D D
White 6,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * * * 1,000 500
Other racec D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Postsecondary teachers - engineering 24,000 1,000 3,000 500 4,000 500 3,000 500 3,000 500 3,000 500 3,000 500 2,000 500 3,000 500
Hispanic or Latinoa  1,000 500 * * * * * * * * * * * * D D D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 7,000 1,000 1,000 500 2,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * * *
Black or African American 1,000 500 * * * * * * D D * * D D D D D D
White 15,000 1,000 2,000 500 2,000 500 2,000 500 2,000 500 2,000 500 2,000 500 1,000 500 2,000 500
Other racec * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Other engineers 31,000 1,500 7,000 1,000 6,000 1,000 5,000 1,000 4,000 1,000 3,000 500 2,000 500 2,000 500 2,000 500
Hispanic or Latinoa  1,000 500 * * * * * * * * D D D D D D D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 12,000 1,000 3,000 1,000 3,000 1,000 2,000 500 2,000 500 1,000 500 * * * * * *
Black or African American * * * * * * D D D D D D D D D D D D
White 17,000 1,000 3,000 1,000 3,000 500 3,000 500 2,000 500 2,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 2,000 500
Other racec * * * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
S&E-related occupations 168,000 10,500 34,000 5,000 24,000 2,500 29,000 5,000 26,000 3,500 19,000 2,000 15,000 4,000 11,000 2,500 10,000 1,500
Hispanic or Latinoa  9,000 3,000 S S 2,000 1,000 1,000 500 * * 1,000 1,000 * * * * S S
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native 2,000 1,000 S S D D D D * * D D D D D D D D
Asian 30,000 3,500 7,000 3,000 4,000 1,000 4,000 1,000 6,000 1,500 4,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500
Black or African American 8,000 1,500 2,000 1,000 3,000 1,500 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * * * * * D D
White 114,000 7,500 19,000 3,000 15,000 2,000 23,000 5,000 19,000 3,500 13,000 2,000 9,000 1,000 9,000 2,500 8,000 1,000
Other racec S S * * * * * * * * * * S S D D D D
Health occupations 92,000 7,000 22,000 4,000 12,000 2,000 14,000 3,500 14,000 3,500 11,000 2,000 5,000 1,000 7,000 2,500 7,000 1,500
Hispanic or Latinoa  5,000 2,000 * * S S * * * * S S D D D D S S
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native 1,000 1,000 D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 15,000 3,500 S S 2,000 500 2,000 500 2,000 1,000 2,000 1,000 1,000 500 * * * *
Black or African American 3,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * * * * * * * D D D D
White 66,000 6,000 14,000 2,500 7,000 1,500 11,000 3,500 11,000 3,500 7,000 2,000 4,000 1,000 7,000 2,500 5,000 1,000
Other racec 1,000 500 * * * * * * D D * * D D D D D D
S&E managers, including health 39,000 3,000 3,000 1,500 7,000 1,500 7,000 1,500 9,000 1,500 5,000 1,000 4,000 1,000 3,000 500 2,000 500
Hispanic or Latinoa  1,000 500 * * * * * * * * * * D D D D D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 8,000 1,000 * * 1,000 500 1,000 500 3,000 1,000 1,000 500 * * 1,000 500 * *
Black or African American 2,000 1,000 * * S S * * * * D D D D D D D D
White 28,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 4,000 1,500 6,000 1,500 5,000 1,000 4,000 1,000 4,000 1,000 2,000 500 2,000 500
Other racec * * * * * * * * D D D D D D D D D D
S&E precollege teacher 22,000 5,500 5,000 2,500 4,000 1,500 S S 2,000 1,000 1,000 500 S S * * * *
Hispanic or Latinoa  S S D D D D * * D D D D D D D D D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Black or African American 2,000 1,500 S S S S D D D D D D D D D D D D
White 12,000 3,500 2,000 1,000 3,000 1,500 S S 2,000 1,000 1,000 500 * * * * * *
Other racec D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
S&E technician/ technologist 13,000 2,000 3,000 1,000 1,000 500 4,000 1,500 2,000 500 2,000 500 1,000 500 D D S S
Hispanic or Latinoa  * * * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 6,000 1,000 2,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 D D D D D D
Black or African American D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
White 7,000 1,500 1,000 500 * * 2,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 D D * *
Other racec D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Other S&E-related 1,000 500 * * * * * * D D D D D D D D D D
Hispanic or Latinoa  D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Black or African American D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
White 1,000 500 * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Other racec D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Non-S&E occupations 279,000 9,000 39,000 4,000 36,000 3,000 38,000 3,000 45,000 4,000 37,000 3,500 28,000 3,000 25,000 2,500 32,000 3,000
Hispanic or Latinoa  14,000 2,500 2,000 500 2,000 500 2,000 1,000 2,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500 S S S S
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native * * D D D D * * D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 36,000 2,500 5,000 1,500 6,000 1,000 6,000 1,000 9,000 1,500 4,000 1,000 3,000 1,000 2,000 500 2,000 500
Black or African American 18,000 2,500 3,000 1,000 5,000 1,500 2,000 1,000 4,000 1,000 2,000 1,000 1,000 500 S S * *
White 206,000 8,500 26,000 3,500 22,000 2,500 28,000 3,000 30,000 3,500 29,000 3,000 23,000 3,000 21,000 2,500 26,000 2,000
Other racec 5,000 1,000 2,000 1,000 S S * * * * 1,000 500 * * * * D D
Arts/ humanities/ related 11,000 1,500 2,000 1,000 2,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 2,000 500
Hispanic or Latinoa  S S D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 1,000 500 * * * * * * D D * * D D D D D D
Black or African American * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
White 9,000 1,500 1,000 500 2,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 2,000 500
Other racec * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Management-related 37,000 2,500 5,000 1,000 7,000 1,500 5,000 1,000 5,000 1,000 4,000 1,000 5,000 1,500 3,000 1,000 4,000 1,000
Hispanic or Latinoa  1,000 500 * * * * * * * * * * D D D D D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 7,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 2,000 1,000 1,000 500 * * D D * *
Black or African American 1,000 500 * * * * * * * * * * * * D D * *
White 28,000 2,500 3,000 1,000 4,000 1,500 4,000 1,000 3,000 1,000 3,000 1,000 4,000 1,500 2,000 1,000 3,000 1,000
Other racec * * D D D D * * D D D D D D D D D D
Non-S&E manager 90,000 4,500 6,000 1,500 9,000 1,500 10,000 1,500 17,000 2,000 15,000 2,000 12,000 1,500 11,000 1,500 10,000 1,000
Hispanic or Latinoa  3,000 500 * * 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * * * * * * *
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 12,000 1,500 S S 1,000 500 1,000 500 3,000 1,000 2,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500
Black or African American 8,000 1,500 S S 3,000 1,500 1,000 500 2,000 1,000 * * S S * * * *
White 66,000 4,000 3,000 1,000 5,000 1,000 7,000 1,000 11,000 1,500 12,000 2,000 10,000 1,500 9,000 1,500 9,000 1,000
Other racec 1,000 500 D D D D * * D D * * D D * * D D
Non-S&E postsecondary teacher 64,000 4,500 13,000 2,000 12,000 2,000 12,000 2,000 9,000 2,000 8,000 1,500 4,000 1,500 3,000 1,000 3,000 1,000
Hispanic or Latinoa  4,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 D D * * * * * * D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 10,000 1,500 2,000 1,000 3,000 1,000 2,000 1,000 2,000 1,000 1,000 500 * * * * D D
Black or African American 3,000 1,000 1,000 500 * * * * 1,000 1,000 * * * * D D D D
White 46,000 4,000 8,000 2,000 8,000 1,500 9,000 2,000 6,000 1,500 6,000 1,500 3,000 1,000 3,000 1,000 3,000 1,000
Other racec 1,000 1,000 * * S S D D * * D D D D D D D D
Non-S&E precollege/ other teacher 8,000 2,500 S S 1,000 500 S S 1,000 500 S S S S D D D D
Hispanic or Latinoa  S S D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Black or African American * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
White 6,000 2,500 S S * * S S * * S S S S D D D D
Other racec D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Sales/ marketing 15,000 2,500 2,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500 2,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 5,000 2,500
Hispanic or Latinoa  S S D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 3,000 500 * * * * 1,000 500 1,000 500 * * * * D D * *
Black or African American * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
White 9,000 1,500 2,000 1,000 * * 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 S S 3,000 1,000
Other racec * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Social service/ related 20,000 3,000 7,000 2,500 2,000 1,000 4,000 1,500 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 2,000 1,500 1,000 1,000
Hispanic or Latinoa  1,000 500 * * * * S S D D D D D D D D D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 1,000 1,000 D D * * D D D D D D D D D D D D
Black or African American 2,000 1,000 * * 1,000 500 S S * * * * D D D D D D
White 14,000 3,000 5,000 2,500 2,000 1,000 2,000 1,000 1,000 500 1,000 500 1,000 500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500
Other racec 2,000 1,000 D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Other non-S&E 33,000 4,500 3,000 1,500 2,000 500 4,000 2,000 8,000 3,000 3,000 1,000 5,000 2,000 3,000 1,500 6,000 1,500
Hispanic or Latinoa  2,000 1,000 * * * * * * * * D D D D D D D D
Not Hispanic or Latinob                                    
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 3,000 1,000 * * * * * * * * * * S S * * * *
Black or African American 2,000 1,000 * * D D * * D D D D D D D D D D
White 27,000 4,000 3,000 1,500 1,000 500 3,000 1,500 7,000 3,000 1,000 500 4,000 2,000 2,000 1,000 6,000 1,500
Other racec * * D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D

Data codes used in these tables: * = value < 500. D = suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information. S = suppressed for reliability; coefficient of variation exceeds publication standards.
Abbreviations used in these tables: S&E = science and engineering; SE = standard error.
a Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.
b American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, black or African American, and white are single race.
c Other race includes Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander and persons reporting more than one race who are not of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity.
NOTES: Numbers are rounded to the nearest 1,000. Standard errors for numbers are rounded up to the nearest 500. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. Scientists and engineers are bachelor's and higher degreed individuals living in the United States with an S&E or S&E-related degree or occupation. See appendix for additional details on coverage, eligibility, educational field classification, and occupational classification. The doctorate estimates are from the Scientists and Engineers Statistical Data System (SESTAT), which represents the total U.S. college educated population. This is in contrast to the doctorate estimates from the Survey of Doctorate Recipients, which represent the population of U.S. doctorate degree recipients.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Scientists and Engineers Statistical Data System (SESTAT): 2013.
Data from survey cycle 2013, as of 24 February 2015.