Data
Bowdoin C.
| Field | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All R&D fields | 3,406 | 3,339 | 2,648 | 2,417 | 2,719 | 2,991 | 2,724 | 2,340 | 3,204 | 2,991 | ||||||||||
| Science | 2,622 | 2,809 | 2,290 | 2,112 | 2,554 | 2,677 | 2,506 | 2,200 | 3,079 | 2,873 | ||||||||||
| Computer and information sciences | 85 | 125 | 64 | 81 | 84 | 16 | 6 | 79 | 212 | 2 | ||||||||||
| Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences | 303 | 490 | 349 | 328 | 635 | 507 | 562 | 301 | 714 | 412 | ||||||||||
| Atmospheric science and meteorology | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Geological and earth sciences | 66 | 166 | 49 | 16 | 63 | 32 | 60 | 73 | 467 | 216 | ||||||||||
| Ocean sciences and marine sciences | 237 | 324 | 300 | 312 | 572 | 475 | 502 | 228 | 247 | 196 | ||||||||||
| Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Life sciences | 1,051 | 1,258 | 1,275 | 1,262 | 1,196 | 1,476 | 1,473 | 1,344 | 1,511 | 1,677 | ||||||||||
| Agricultural sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Biological and biomedical sciences | 1,051 | 1,258 | 1,275 | 1,262 | 1,196 | 1,206 | 1,216 | 1,110 | 1,292 | 1,349 | ||||||||||
| Health sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 270 | 257 | 234 | 219 | 328 | ||||||||||
| Natural resources and conservation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Life sciences nec | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Mathematics and statistics | 39 | 103 | 40 | 10 | 29 | 71 | 65 | 96 | 75 | 159 | ||||||||||
| Physical sciences | 800 | 654 | 376 | 288 | 239 | 364 | 338 | 267 | 368 | 332 | ||||||||||
| Astronomy and astrophysics | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 135 | ||||||||||
| Chemistry | 529 | 440 | 236 | 177 | 77 | 79 | 193 | 118 | 97 | 197 | ||||||||||
| Materials science | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Physics | 231 | 178 | 106 | 79 | 131 | 250 | 115 | 117 | 239 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Physical sciences nec | 40 | 36 | 34 | 32 | 31 | 35 | 30 | 32 | 32 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Psychology | 135 | 53 | 126 | 125 | 180 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Social sciences | 209 | 126 | 60 | 18 | 191 | 243 | 62 | 113 | 199 | 289 | ||||||||||
| Anthropology | 45 | 16 | 8 | 6 | 67 | 44 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Economics | 31 | 23 | 5 | 3 | 0 | 19 | 17 | 15 | 158 | 216 | ||||||||||
| Political science and government | 44 | 36 | 14 | 7 | 12 | 9 | 19 | 47 | 11 | 4 | ||||||||||
| Sociology, demography, and population studies | 89 | 51 | 33 | 2 | 112 | 165 | 16 | 30 | 1 | 67 | ||||||||||
| Social sciences nec | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 10 | 21 | 29 | 2 | ||||||||||
| Sciences nec | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | ||||||||||
| Engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Bioengineering and biomedical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Chemical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Civil engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Industrial and manufacturing engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Mechanical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Metallurgical and materials engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Engineering nec | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Non-S&E | 784 | 530 | 358 | 305 | 165 | 314 | 218 | 140 | 125 | 118 | ||||||||||
| Business management and business administration | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Communication and communications technologies | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Education | 385 | 259 | 169 | 71 | 9 | 11 | 71 | 10 | 10 | 5 | ||||||||||
| Humanities | 253 | 161 | 99 | 44 | 81 | 239 | 90 | 70 | 70 | 76 | ||||||||||
| Law | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Social work | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Visual and performing arts | 59 | 57 | 42 | 160 | 52 | 19 | 2 | 5 | 15 | 11 | ||||||||||
| Non-S&E nec | 87 | 53 | 48 | 30 | 23 | 45 | 55 | 55 | 30 | 26 | ||||||||||
NOTES:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
- Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.
SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

