Data

Carnegie Mellon U.
Field | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All R&D fields | 484,757 | 449,707 | 402,376 | 386,996 | 359,720 | 331,383 | 328,100 | 319,168 | 242,004 | 251,222 | ||||||||||
Science | 311,625 | 294,584 | 273,943 | 270,176 | 250,860 | 219,017 | 214,364 | 201,687 | 152,775 | 160,588 | ||||||||||
Computer and information sciences | 220,946 | 211,839 | 196,380 | 192,119 | 171,110 | 141,298 | 136,928 | 123,569 | 103,328 | 110,795 | ||||||||||
Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences | 1,549 | 736 | 364 | 448 | 994 | 1,599 | 1,228 | 561 | 348 | 425 | ||||||||||
Atmospheric science and meteorology | 597 | 265 | 281 | 182 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 21 | ||||||||||
Geological and earth sciences | 918 | 425 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Ocean sciences and marine sciences | 25 | 0 | 83 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec | 9 | 46 | 0 | 266 | 988 | 1,599 | 1,228 | 561 | 348 | 404 | ||||||||||
Life sciences | 16,878 | 15,109 | 14,273 | 14,696 | 15,366 | 12,376 | 13,125 | 11,817 | 11,212 | 10,681 | ||||||||||
Agricultural sciences | 60 | 211 | 256 | 476 | 774 | 878 | 746 | 477 | 499 | 430 | ||||||||||
Biological and biomedical sciences | 15,116 | 13,497 | 12,858 | 12,566 | 12,103 | 9,426 | 9,979 | 8,949 | 8,790 | 9,040 | ||||||||||
Health sciences | 1,102 | 1,006 | 895 | 824 | 1,191 | 1,082 | 1,056 | 760 | 833 | 576 | ||||||||||
Natural resources and conservation | 45 | 23 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Life sciences nec | 555 | 372 | 264 | 830 | 1,298 | 990 | 1,344 | 1,631 | 1,090 | 635 | ||||||||||
Mathematics and statistics | 16,604 | 14,435 | 12,464 | 12,000 | 12,385 | 9,308 | 11,321 | 7,447 | 5,698 | 6,269 | ||||||||||
Physical sciences | 27,237 | 23,841 | 21,109 | 21,580 | 19,508 | 20,096 | 18,921 | 14,883 | 14,162 | 13,000 | ||||||||||
Astronomy and astrophysics | 1,504 | 347 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Chemistry | 11,099 | 10,492 | 8,696 | 9,207 | 8,868 | 9,028 | 8,706 | 5,268 | 4,054 | 3,763 | ||||||||||
Materials science | 1,894 | 1,204 | 600 | 291 | 85 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Physics | 12,681 | 11,547 | 11,111 | 11,458 | 9,879 | 9,912 | 9,369 | 7,048 | 6,743 | 6,799 | ||||||||||
Physical sciences nec | 59 | 251 | 702 | 624 | 676 | 1,156 | 846 | 2,567 | 3,365 | 2,438 | ||||||||||
Psychology | 10,187 | 10,640 | 10,631 | 11,507 | 10,601 | 9,386 | 9,362 | 9,424 | 7,757 | 8,607 | ||||||||||
Social sciences | 12,649 | 12,720 | 12,392 | 12,461 | 14,307 | 16,639 | 13,888 | 13,675 | 6,791 | 6,185 | ||||||||||
Anthropology | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Economics | 1,752 | 1,221 | 722 | 762 | 659 | 405 | 652 | 723 | 541 | 495 | ||||||||||
Political science and government | 180 | 173 | 199 | 210 | 449 | 825 | 1,006 | 2,027 | 2,279 | 1,632 | ||||||||||
Sociology, demography, and population studies | 0 | 169 | 685 | 483 | 828 | 731 | 86 | 5 | 0 | 15 | ||||||||||
Social sciences nec | 10,717 | 11,157 | 10,786 | 11,006 | 12,371 | 14,678 | 12,144 | 10,920 | 3,971 | 4,043 | ||||||||||
Sciences nec | 5,575 | 5,264 | 6,330 | 5,365 | 6,589 | 8,315 | 9,591 | 20,311 | 3,479 | 4,626 | ||||||||||
Engineering | 155,436 | 138,117 | 112,597 | 102,955 | 95,496 | 99,201 | 98,781 | 102,696 | 89,054 | 89,909 | ||||||||||
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering | 1,641 | 2,028 | 1,418 | 1,549 | 1,398 | 3,838 | 4,429 | 2,549 | 2,526 | 2,025 | ||||||||||
Bioengineering and biomedical engineering | 21,985 | 17,229 | 12,620 | 10,273 | 8,568 | 6,933 | 6,872 | 5,947 | 5,338 | 7,595 | ||||||||||
Chemical engineering | 11,084 | 11,915 | 12,744 | 12,813 | 11,314 | 10,638 | 9,414 | 8,515 | 6,254 | 8,411 | ||||||||||
Civil engineering | 9,056 | 8,523 | 7,985 | 6,651 | 5,844 | 5,448 | 4,334 | 7,958 | 6,637 | 6,620 | ||||||||||
Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering | 34,323 | 29,542 | 28,010 | 25,294 | 25,735 | 26,268 | 26,345 | 26,673 | 21,013 | 18,009 | ||||||||||
Industrial and manufacturing engineering | 7,881 | 4,908 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Mechanical engineering | 41,348 | 37,838 | 21,721 | 21,286 | 17,247 | 15,463 | 13,272 | 10,704 | 8,149 | 7,622 | ||||||||||
Metallurgical and materials engineering | 10,841 | 10,963 | 11,557 | 10,117 | 8,957 | 8,784 | 9,696 | 9,843 | 8,222 | 6,386 | ||||||||||
Engineering nec | 17,277 | 15,171 | 16,542 | 14,972 | 16,433 | 21,829 | 24,419 | 30,507 | 30,915 | 33,241 | ||||||||||
Non-S&E | 17,696 | 17,006 | 15,836 | 13,865 | 13,364 | 13,165 | 14,955 | 14,785 | 175 | 725 | ||||||||||
Business management and business administration | 9,224 | 9,058 | 8,363 | 8,364 | 8,571 | 8,490 | 10,218 | 10,005 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Communication and communications technologies | 69 | 157 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Education | 688 | 221 | 34 | 91 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Humanities | 5,079 | 4,683 | 4,782 | 4,430 | 3,916 | 3,858 | 3,895 | 4,286 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Law | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Social work | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Visual and performing arts | 2,529 | 2,771 | 2,562 | 876 | 767 | 794 | 842 | 494 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Non-S&E nec | 107 | 116 | 95 | 104 | 110 | 23 | 0 | 0 | 175 | 725 |
NOTES:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
- Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.
SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey