Data
Emerson C.
| Field | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All R&D fields | 665 | 581 | 581 | 919 | 1,145 | 2,059 | 1,488 | 1,114 | 1,291 | . | ||||||||||
| Science | 420 | 187 | 355 | 485 | 786 | 1,703 | 769 | 358 | 455 | . | ||||||||||
| Computer and information sciences | 0 | 1 | 44 | 23 | 450 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Atmospheric science and meteorology | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Geological and earth sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Ocean sciences and marine sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Life sciences | 107 | 121 | 101 | 0 | 241 | 1,024 | 375 | 334 | 441 | . | ||||||||||
| Agricultural sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Biological and biomedical sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Health sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 227 | 1,024 | 375 | 334 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Natural resources and conservation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Life sciences nec | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 441 | . | ||||||||||
| Mathematics and statistics | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Physical sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Astronomy and astrophysics | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Chemistry | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Materials science | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Physics | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Physical sciences nec | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Psychology | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Social sciences | 158 | 65 | 210 | 462 | 95 | 679 | 385 | 6 | 14 | . | ||||||||||
| Anthropology | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Economics | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Political science and government | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 10 | . | ||||||||||
| Sociology, demography, and population studies | 0 | 0 | 0 | 50 | 95 | 579 | 385 | 6 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Social sciences nec | 0 | 0 | 0 | 361 | 0 | 85 | 0 | 0 | 4 | . | ||||||||||
| Sciences nec | 155 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Bioengineering and biomedical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Chemical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Civil engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Industrial and manufacturing engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Mechanical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Metallurgical and materials engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Engineering nec | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Non-S&E | 245 | 394 | 226 | 434 | 359 | 356 | 719 | 756 | 836 | . | ||||||||||
| Business management and business administration | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Communication and communications technologies | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 27 | . | ||||||||||
| Education | 0 | 0 | 0 | 25 | 51 | 133 | 50 | 40 | 107 | . | ||||||||||
| Humanities | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 | 149 | 39 | 31 | 53 | 97 | . | ||||||||||
| Law | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Social work | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | ||||||||||
| Visual and performing arts | 0 | 0 | 0 | 114 | 41 | 1 | 253 | 69 | 83 | . | ||||||||||
| Non-S&E nec | 0 | 0 | 0 | 265 | 118 | 183 | 374 | 594 | 522 | . | ||||||||||
NOTES:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
- Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.
SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

