Data
Kalamazoo C.
| Field | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All R&D fields | 866 | i | 789 | i | 692 | i | 600 | i | 603 | i | 635 | i | 644 | i | 671 | 619 | 597 | |||
| Science | 649 | i | 594 | i | 522 | i | 467 | i | 466 | i | 542 | i | 552 | i | 575 | 527 | 439 | |||
| Computer and information sciences | 22 | i | 20 | i | 18 | i | 19 | i | 18 | i | 2 | i | 2 | i | 2 | 2 | 3 | |||
| Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Atmospheric science and meteorology | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Geological and earth sciences | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Ocean sciences and marine sciences | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Life sciences | 399 | i | 365 | i | 320 | i | 264 | i | 264 | i | 84 | i | 83 | i | 87 | 87 | 39 | |||
| Agricultural sciences | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Biological and biomedical sciences | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Health sciences | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Natural resources and conservation | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Life sciences nec | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Mathematics and statistics | 20 | i | 18 | i | 16 | i | 13 | i | 13 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 4 | |||
| Physical sciences | 129 | i | 120 | i | 106 | i | 87 | i | 86 | i | 305 | i | 310 | i | 323 | 300 | 346 | |||
| Astronomy and astrophysics | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Chemistry | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Materials science | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Physics | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Physical sciences nec | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Psychology | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 24 | i | 24 | i | 121 | i | 127 | i | 132 | 107 | 7 | |||
| Social sciences | 79 | i | 71 | i | 62 | i | 60 | i | 61 | i | 30 | i | 30 | i | 31 | 31 | 40 | |||
| Anthropology | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Economics | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Political science and government | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Sociology, demography, and population studies | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Social sciences nec | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Sciences nec | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Engineering | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Bioengineering and biomedical engineering | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Chemical engineering | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Civil engineering | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Industrial and manufacturing engineering | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Mechanical engineering | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Metallurgical and materials engineering | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Engineering nec | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Non-S&E | 217 | i | 195 | i | 170 | i | 133 | i | 137 | i | 93 | i | 92 | i | 96 | 92 | 158 | |||
| Business management and business administration | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Communication and communications technologies | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Education | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Humanities | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Law | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Social work | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Visual and performing arts | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Non-S&E nec | . | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
i=imputed
NOTES:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
- Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.
SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey
