Data

U. Michigan, Ann Arbor

Total R&D expenditures, by field: 2023–14
(Dollars in thousands)
Field 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
  All R&D fields   1,925,875   1,770,708   1,639,645   1,673,862   1,675,805   1,600,869   1,530,139   1,436,448   1,369,278   1,349,262
    Science   1,491,033   1,349,872   1,241,735   1,289,602   1,279,433   1,194,281   1,148,441   1,063,298   1,045,835   1,028,301
      Computer and information sciences   17,076   16,789   13,922   15,180   12,983   12,010   10,716   8,162   7,631   9,123
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   19,164   15,865   15,080   14,928   15,705   14,278   14,449   13,522   14,609   17,279
        Atmospheric science and meteorology   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Geological and earth sciences   19,164   15,865   15,080   14,928   15,705   14,278   14,449   13,522   14,609   17,279
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Life sciences   1,116,866   1,018,062   931,174   967,660   955,653   873,031   826,506   784,654   779,922   760,324
        Agricultural sciences   2,872   2,541   2,142   2,073   2,065   2,724   2,481   2,156   18,542   15,454
        Biological and biomedical sciences   298,094   266,722   262,263   266,507   258,013   230,944   216,493   194,016   195,419   192,013
        Health sciences   739,926   680,357   604,587   622,140   632,969   578,171   548,211   532,088   472,983   463,576
        Natural resources and conservation   24,573   21,095   17,964   22,439   21,749   19,614   17,922   18,143   0   0
        Life sciences nec   51,401   47,347   44,218   54,501   40,857   41,578   41,399   38,251   92,978   89,281
      Mathematics and statistics   21,033   20,129   17,937   18,648   18,478   18,306   20,517   18,405   17,803   16,485
      Physical sciences   70,259   65,018   66,041   60,824   61,017   59,815   60,437   54,868   52,449   52,496
        Astronomy and astrophysics   6,922   6,216   5,831   5,867   6,288   5,708   5,817   5,095   5,132   5,315
        Chemistry   35,089   32,418   33,006   31,361   29,977   29,285   27,654   25,176   24,714   25,992
        Materials science   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Physics   28,248   26,384   27,204   23,596   24,752   24,822   26,966   24,597   22,603   21,189
        Physical sciences nec   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Psychology   23,483   20,806   18,255   20,413   19,157   19,865   21,636   21,397   21,989   21,479
      Social sciences   217,488   189,167   175,698   187,421   191,336   192,919   191,304   160,254   149,805   149,442
        Anthropology   7,166   5,723   5,288   6,178   5,760   6,087   5,672   5,130   0   0
        Economics   39,340   33,300   31,218   31,063   34,600   36,553   39,263   31,297   32,144   29,587
        Political science and government   33,859   29,770   30,233   25,466   24,585   24,988   26,641   22,550   23,457   23,368
        Sociology, demography, and population studies   31,619   27,767   27,044   25,750   28,607   27,068   24,322   22,135   28,126   25,770
        Social sciences nec   105,504   92,607   81,915   98,964   97,784   98,223   95,406   79,142   66,078   70,717
      Sciences nec   5,664   4,036   3,628   4,528   5,104   4,057   2,876   2,036   1,627   1,673
    Engineering   324,306   299,254   279,682   283,329   291,887   299,072   286,094   293,930   254,505   251,302
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   17,064   15,615   13,744   14,793   17,083   15,762   15,610   14,524   13,587   12,558
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering   28,393   29,990   23,304   21,413   20,938   28,662   18,346   17,329   12,575   13,559
      Chemical engineering   18,366   15,462   14,277   14,152   12,829   12,545   13,770   15,234   13,386   13,565
      Civil engineering   22,870   21,267   20,239   20,833   25,780   25,664   23,547   24,369   19,828   21,846
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering   83,421   80,277   77,614   81,952   81,768   79,372   76,730   69,878   65,786   62,947
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering   5,428   5,384   5,282   4,631   6,285   7,202   7,037   4,389   0   0
      Mechanical engineering   56,952   48,222   45,339   43,824   41,651   39,855   39,540   35,705   31,987   33,377
      Metallurgical and materials engineering   15,532   13,520   11,156   11,432   11,904   13,414   12,637   11,920   12,321   13,629
      Engineering nec   76,280   69,517   68,727   70,299   73,649   76,596   78,877   100,582   85,035   79,821
    Non-S&E   110,536   121,582   118,228   100,931   104,485   107,516   95,604   79,220   68,938   69,659
      Business management and business administration   17,515   15,156   16,156   13,243   13,015   13,897   14,246   13,166   11,773   11,324
      Communication and communications technologies   1,989   1,740   1,716   1,821   2,016   2,242   1,953   2,165   2,699   1,883
      Education   12,852   12,943   12,371   12,071   11,100   14,748   12,758   9,499   10,817   13,260
      Humanities   26,770   25,283   23,442   25,098   25,955   25,489   25,718   23,526   25,506   24,833
      Law   8,961   6,311   6,694   4,437   6,683   5,991   4,983   4,371   5,848   4,437
      Social work   9,378   7,319   7,210   7,954   7,366   6,921   5,699   5,429   4,801   5,154
      Visual and performing arts   4,334   3,616   3,115   3,825   3,655   3,924   3,022   3,003   2,960   3,104
      Non-S&E nec   28,737   49,214   47,524   32,482   34,695   34,304   27,225   18,061   4,534   5,664

NOTES:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

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