Data

U. Toledo

Total R&D expenditures, by field: 2024–15
(Dollars in thousands)
Field 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  All R&D fields   73,200   67,656   64,654   53,169   54,100   55,006   50,320   50,030   50,019   52,354
    Science   54,953   50,765   47,863   41,330   41,820   41,399   37,774   36,536   33,882   35,071
      Computer and information sciences   0   0   127   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   6,735   6,117   5,367   5,309   5,748   5,659   4,189   5,178   3,228   2,715
        Atmospheric science and meteorology   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   130
        Geological and earth sciences   6,732   6,024   5,367   4,934   5,239   5,659   4,189   4,747   3,125   2,578
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec   3   93   0   375   509   0   0   431   103   7
      Life sciences   35,076   32,455   30,176   25,012   27,748   27,889   23,752   23,303   23,360   21,320
        Agricultural sciences   0   0   5   35   26   109   74   524   81   806
        Biological and biomedical sciences   6,204   7,625   8,546   6,944   5,710   5,834   5,554   5,344   7,549   8,460
        Health sciences   28,601   24,273   21,521   17,417   20,743   20,923   17,191   16,761   15,055   11,859
        Natural resources and conservation   0   60   0   0   0   229   0   0   0   0
        Life sciences nec   271   497   104   616   1,269   794   933   674   675   195
      Mathematics and statistics   73   55   38   3   49   49   175   80   117   57
      Physical sciences   12,820   11,716   11,637   10,594   7,445   7,438   8,752   7,360   6,974   10,467
        Astronomy and astrophysics   1,086   932   1,641   742   741   493   692   558   1,053   964
        Chemistry   2,676   3,251   3,783   3,069   1,935   2,703   2,367   1,604   2,521   3,603
        Materials science   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Physics   9,058   7,520   6,033   6,700   4,645   4,115   5,693   5,198   3,187   5,789
        Physical sciences nec   0   13   180   83   124   127   0   0   213   111
      Psychology   224   359   344   365   452   107   256   204   59   18
      Social sciences   25   63   174   47   378   257   650   411   144   494
        Anthropology   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Economics   0   20   0   0   49   0   73   334   28   100
        Political science and government   17   17   17   0   66   84   243   73   49   5
        Sociology, demography, and population studies   8   5   143   7   30   144   204   0   55   59
        Social sciences nec   0   21   14   40   233   29   130   4   12   330
      Sciences nec   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
    Engineering   11,782   11,520   11,957   10,299   10,023   11,256   10,410   10,161   11,805   13,320
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   238   293   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering   1,423   1,019   599   584   581   1,259   1,536   1,824   2,208   2,254
      Chemical engineering   2,117   2,210   1,792   2,160   2,226   1,980   1,562   1,845   2,625   2,155
      Civil engineering   1,702   1,557   1,029   458   711   1,475   1,112   1,408   1,138   2,719
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering   1,964   2,292   1,895   955   480   523   588   434   270   590
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering   0   0   127   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Mechanical engineering   3,860   3,983   5,798   4,477   3,928   4,475   4,502   3,980   5,030   5,602
      Metallurgical and materials engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   15   0   0   0
      Engineering nec   478   166   717   1,665   2,097   1,544   1,095   670   534   0
    Non-S&E   6,465   5,371   4,834   1,540   2,257   2,351   2,136   3,333   4,332   3,963
      Business management and business administration   92   389   220   76   313   673   707   121   198   492
      Communication and communications technologies   0   0   7   16   59   0   31   0   0   0
      Education   4,938   3,997   3,811   764   935   631   361   2,699   3,176   3,022
      Humanities   27   4   114   5   80   10   19   0   28   9
      Law   0   0   0   0   47   0   22   140   27   7
      Social work   793   595   471   290   231   251   232   290   256   83
      Visual and performing arts   0   0   12   19   29   54   49   10   73   78
      Non-S&E nec   615   386   199   370   563   732   715   73   574   272

NOTES:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

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