Data
Winston-Salem State U.
| Field | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All R&D fields | 8,668 | 10,436 | 8,123 | 5,781 | 2,011 | 1,629 | 1,575 | 1,356 | 1,346 | 510 | ||||||||||
| Science | 4,727 | 5,678 | 6,890 | 4,378 | 1,468 | 1,289 | 1,175 | 1,069 | 1,346 | 212 | ||||||||||
| Computer and information sciences | 746 | 419 | 590 | 443 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Atmospheric science and meteorology | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Geological and earth sciences | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Ocean sciences and marine sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Life sciences | 2,928 | 2,711 | 3,530 | 2,400 | 650 | 884 | 866 | 595 | 463 | 212 | ||||||||||
| Agricultural sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Biological and biomedical sciences | 399 | 542 | 189 | 684 | 449 | 579 | 648 | 516 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Health sciences | 2,529 | 2,169 | 3,341 | 1,716 | 201 | 305 | 218 | 79 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Natural resources and conservation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Life sciences nec | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Mathematics and statistics | 43 | 82 | 0 | 5 | 45 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Physical sciences | 551 | 964 | 956 | 554 | 320 | 255 | 309 | 474 | 883 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Astronomy and astrophysics | 0 | 0 | 2 | 31 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Chemistry | 551 | 704 | 673 | 437 | 193 | 180 | 309 | 474 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Materials science | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Physics | 0 | 160 | 0 | 86 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Physical sciences nec | 0 | 100 | 281 | 0 | 127 | 75 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Psychology | 195 | 509 | 356 | 252 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Social sciences | 264 | 755 | 1,458 | 724 | 453 | 150 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Anthropology | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Economics | 253 | 755 | 1,117 | 721 | 453 | 150 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Political science and government | 4 | 0 | 74 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Sociology, demography, and population studies | 0 | 0 | 267 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Social sciences nec | 7 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Sciences nec | 0 | 138 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Bioengineering and biomedical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Chemical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Civil engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Industrial and manufacturing engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Mechanical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Metallurgical and materials engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Engineering nec | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Non-S&E | 3,941 | 4,758 | 1,233 | 1,403 | 543 | 340 | 400 | 287 | 0 | 298 | ||||||||||
| Business management and business administration | 0 | 278 | 163 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Communication and communications technologies | 0 | 107 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Education | 422 | 769 | 1,042 | 1,248 | 249 | 149 | 53 | 29 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Humanities | 0 | 41 | 27 | 79 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Law | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Social work | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Visual and performing arts | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Non-S&E nec | 3,519 | 3,563 | 1 | 69 | 294 | 191 | 347 | 258 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
NOTES:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
- Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.
SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

