Data

Yale U.

Total R&D expenditures, by field: 2023–14
(Dollars in thousands)
Field 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
  All R&D fields   1,326,807   1,191,201   1,165,148   1,094,135   1,072,309   990,399   951,084   881,765   803,004   772,840
    Science   1,271,200   1,145,919   1,111,999   1,042,890   1,020,049   936,917   899,664   839,699   753,952   724,146
      Computer and information sciences   11,131   8,675   7,379   5,969   5,996   6,309   11,375   9,137   8,220   9,508
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   7,593   6,411   7,021   5,916   6,995   7,613   6,448   7,252   8,128   6,117
        Atmospheric science and meteorology   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Geological and earth sciences   7,593   6,411   7,021   5,916   6,995   7,613   6,448   7,252   8,097   6,020
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   31   97
      Life sciences   1,154,182   1,044,120   1,012,626   944,439   912,802   832,360   796,670   740,937   665,280   640,173
        Agricultural sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   105   11,658   7,873
        Biological and biomedical sciences   245,250   226,285   222,114   206,929   208,829   187,310   177,565   178,645   167,143   171,674
        Health sciences   899,612   809,589   779,001   726,089   691,959   632,347   606,423   551,237   483,091   456,838
        Natural resources and conservation   9,041   7,514   11,340   11,175   11,773   12,498   12,615   10,950   0   0
        Life sciences nec   279   732   171   246   241   205   67   0   3,388   3,788
      Mathematics and statistics   3,906   3,632   3,589   4,703   3,831   2,528   2,384   2,393   2,726   3,695
      Physical sciences   63,036   57,627   56,847   56,046   62,247   63,981   61,511   59,337   45,565   42,760
        Astronomy and astrophysics   6,105   5,324   5,472   6,853   6,776   9,801   6,976   6,795   6,277   6,964
        Chemistry   28,905   23,376   21,464   21,309   23,452   21,752   22,551   23,208   22,674   18,778
        Materials science   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Physics   28,026   28,927   29,911   27,884   32,019   32,428   31,984   29,334   16,614   17,018
        Physical sciences nec   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Psychology   11,027   11,550   10,453   9,684   13,211   11,953   12,115   10,061   11,787   10,778
      Social sciences   19,496   13,840   14,055   15,994   14,401   11,683   9,051   10,361   9,484   7,592
        Anthropology   1,923   1,733   1,219   1,143   1,321   1,287   689   941   0   0
        Economics   9,834   5,996   6,866   5,613   4,556   4,467   3,008   2,860   3,765   2,852
        Political science and government   2,119   1,915   1,762   918   452   394   50   29   802   479
        Sociology, demography, and population studies   4,266   3,200   2,954   2,712   2,584   3,226   2,799   4,626   4,473   3,879
        Social sciences nec   1,354   996   1,254   5,608   5,488   2,309   2,505   1,905   444   382
      Sciences nec   829   64   29   139   566   490   110   221   2,762   3,523
    Engineering   40,153   36,714   35,778   36,806   36,591   35,939   30,905   26,271   39,001   39,856
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   75   0   0   0   0   0
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering   11,512   10,422   10,206   12,158   13,402   11,482   9,318   7,147   7,372   7,095
      Chemical engineering   8,232   6,281   4,798   5,222   4,723   5,951   5,205   5,371   5,415   5,050
      Civil engineering   0   0   0   0   53   0   351   446   0   0
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering   8,920   9,921   11,492   10,978   9,960   10,915   9,885   6,718   5,606   5,467
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Mechanical engineering   8,711   8,366   7,730   7,619   7,533   7,014   5,947   6,164   6,034   5,470
      Metallurgical and materials engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Engineering nec   2,778   1,724   1,552   829   845   577   199   425   14,574   16,774
    Non-S&E   15,454   8,568   17,371   14,439   15,669   17,543   20,515   15,795   10,051   8,838
      Business management and business administration   864   1,992   3,663   3,514   3,412   1,813   648   162   291   134
      Communication and communications technologies   0   0   0   0   0   0   79   52   32   39
      Education   4,923   1,230   3,693   124   646   1,701   3,188   2,612   152   0
      Humanities   6,816   3,782   4,329   5,846   6,288   8,010   11,447   10,771   8,157   7,129
      Law   222   44   1,046   553   1,251   2,138   2,143   1,664   1,044   1,039
      Social work   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Visual and performing arts   397   251   743   385   248   400   803   212   375   497
      Non-S&E nec   2,232   1,269   3,897   4,017   3,824   3,481   2,207   322   0   0

NOTES:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

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