Data
Cornell U.
| Fields | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All fields | 598 | 549 | 509 | 472 | 514 | 527 | 539 | 496 | 492 | 481 |
| Science and engineering | 519 | 475 | 444 | 414 | 443 | 448 | 459 | 427 | 412 | 414 |
| Agricultural sciences and natural resources | 50 | 57 | 37 | 44 | 46 | 46 | 47 | 43 | 31 | 37 |
| Agricultural sciences | 44 | 50 | 36 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 40 | 34 | 23 | 30 |
| Natural resources and conservation | 6 | 7 | 1 | 5 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 9 | 8 | 7 |
| Biological and biomedical sciences | 107 | 95 | 87 | 76 | 93 | 78 | 83 | 89 | 81 | 72 |
| Biochemistry and biophysics | 17 | 14 | 10 | 8 | 9 | 19 | 11 | 9 | 12 | 5 |
| Biology and biomedical sciences, general | 14 | 17 | 8 | 7 | 5 | 9 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 |
| Bioinformatics, biostatistics, and computational biology | 5 | 6 | 4 | 6 | 6 | . | 2 | 9 | 4 | 5 |
| Cellular and developmental biology, and anatomy | 5 | 2 | 3 | 1 | . | 1 | 4 | 1 | . | 5 |
| Ecology, evolutionary biology, and epidemiology | 8 | 16 | 8 | 7 | 15 | 10 | 6 | 11 | 14 | 11 |
| Genetics and genomics | 11 | 8 | 10 | 6 | 12 | 5 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 5 |
| Microbiology and immunology | 15 | 8 | 16 | 7 | 11 | 9 | 9 | 5 | 7 | 8 |
| Molecular biology | 6 | 6 | 7 | 3 | 7 | 2 | 6 | 10 | 2 | 1 |
| Neurobiology and neurosciences | 3 | 3 | 3 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 2 |
| Pharmacology and toxicology | 1 | . | . | . | . | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Physiology, pathology, and cancer biology | 2 | . | 1 | 1 | . | . | 1 | . | 1 | 2 |
| Biology and biomedical sciences, other | 20 | 15 | 17 | 23 | 27 | 19 | 29 | 30 | 22 | 23 |
| Computer and information sciences | 54 | 34 | 34 | 32 | 29 | 18 | 29 | 27 | 26 | 15 |
| Computer science | 35 | 23 | 28 | 25 | 20 | 16 | 19 | 25 | 22 | 14 |
| Computer and information sciences, other | 19 | 11 | 6 | 7 | 9 | 2 | 10 | 2 | 4 | 1 |
| Engineering | 123 | 122 | 108 | 104 | 115 | 125 | 109 | 107 | 104 | 122 |
| Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering | 8 | 8 | 8 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Bioengineering and biomedical engineering | 19 | 22 | 17 | 23 | 19 | 25 | 19 | 20 | 24 | 19 |
| Chemical and petroleum engineering | 12 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 21 | 28 | 10 | 18 | 16 | 8 |
| Civil, environmental, and transportation engineering | 7 | 10 | 10 | 7 | 7 | 13 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 19 |
| Electrical and computer engineering | 26 | 21 | 23 | 20 | 21 | 17 | 26 | 21 | 19 | 32 |
| Industrial engineering and operations research | 15 | 12 | 3 | 8 | 9 | 6 | 9 | 4 | 5 | 3 |
| Materials and mining engineering | 9 | 7 | 7 | 9 | 11 | 13 | 14 | 10 | 9 | 9 |
| Mechanical engineering | 24 | 21 | 21 | 16 | 19 | 15 | 13 | 16 | 16 | 25 |
| Engineering, other | 3 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 4 |
| Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences | 3 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 8 | 8 | 14 | 11 | 7 | 12 |
| Geological sciences | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 6 | 4 | 9 | 6 | 3 | 7 |
| Ocean, marine, and atmospheric sciences | 2 | 4 | 1 | . | 2 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 |
| Health sciences | . | . | 1 | . | . | 1 | . | . | 1 | 2 |
| Public health | . | . | 1 | . | . | . | . | . | 1 | 1 |
| Health sciences, other | . | . | . | . | . | 1 | . | . | . | 1 |
| Mathematics and statistics | 28 | 19 | 35 | 23 | 18 | 25 | 26 | 19 | 23 | 22 |
| Applied mathematics | 6 | 4 | 10 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 9 | 6 | 7 | 5 |
| Mathematics | . | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 11 |
| Statistics | 5 | 8 | 10 | 8 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 4 |
| Mathematics and statistics, other | 17 | 6 | 14 | 9 | 8 | 13 | 10 | 6 | 11 | 2 |
| Physical sciences | 74 | 62 | 58 | 66 | 65 | 56 | 80 | 49 | 66 | 57 |
| Astronomy and astrophysics | 14 | 3 | 7 | 10 | 5 | 7 | 5 | 4 | 7 | 5 |
| Chemistry | 33 | 22 | 20 | 26 | 22 | 18 | 35 | 18 | 24 | 20 |
| Physics | 27 | 37 | 31 | 30 | 38 | 31 | 40 | 27 | 35 | 32 |
| Psychology | 14 | 7 | 14 | 6 | 13 | 16 | 12 | 10 | 17 | 13 |
| Counseling and applied psychology | . | . | . | . | 3 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | . |
| Research and experimental psychology | 12 | 5 | 10 | 5 | 6 | 9 | 6 | 6 | 8 | 9 |
| Psychology, other | 2 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 8 | 4 |
| Social sciences | 66 | 73 | 67 | 61 | 56 | 75 | 59 | 72 | 56 | 62 |
| Anthropology | 6 | 6 | 7 | 4 | 4 | 6 | 7 | 2 | 6 | 8 |
| Economics | 21 | 21 | 25 | 17 | 25 | 24 | 18 | 27 | 17 | 20 |
| Political science and government | 12 | 7 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 14 | 10 | 13 | 6 | 9 |
| Public policy analysis | 5 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | . | 1 | 2 |
| Sociology, demography, and population studies | 7 | 11 | 8 | 11 | 8 | 14 | 10 | 14 | 12 | 4 |
| Social sciences, other | 15 | 25 | 15 | 19 | 15 | 16 | 13 | 16 | 14 | 19 |
| Non-science and engineering | 79 | 74 | 65 | 58 | 71 | 79 | 80 | 69 | 80 | 67 |
| Business | 14 | 11 | 12 | 14 | 16 | 11 | 8 | 14 | 16 | 11 |
| Business | 14 | 11 | 12 | 14 | 16 | 11 | 8 | 14 | 16 | 11 |
| Education | . | . | . | . | 1 | 3 | 2 | . | 3 | 2 |
| Education research | . | . | . | . | 1 | 1 | 1 | . | 1 | 1 |
| Teacher education and teaching fields | . | . | . | . | . | . | 1 | . | 2 | . |
| Education, other | . | . | . | . | . | 2 | . | . | . | 1 |
| Humanities and arts | 54 | 45 | 44 | 36 | 42 | 51 | 60 | 43 | 52 | 43 |
| Letters | 15 | 16 | 18 | 14 | 6 | 14 | 15 | 7 | 16 | 18 |
| Foreign languages and literature | 8 | 4 | 6 | 3 | 11 | 8 | 13 | 13 | 11 | 6 |
| History | 11 | 9 | 6 | 6 | 11 | 8 | 15 | 11 | 7 | 12 |
| Philosophy and religious studies | 11 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 9 | 4 | 7 | 5 | 2 |
| Music and performing arts | 3 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 1 | 8 | 3 |
| Humanities and arts, other | 6 | 9 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 7 | 7 | 4 | 5 | 2 |
| Other non-science and engineering | 11 | 18 | 9 | 8 | 12 | 14 | 10 | 12 | 9 | 11 |
| Communication | 5 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 8 | 5 | 6 | 9 |
| Non-science and engineering, other | 6 | 12 | 4 | 4 | 7 | 8 | 2 | 7 | 3 | 2 |
NOTES:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates
