Data
Pennsylvania State U.
| Fields | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All fields | 691 | 710 | 629 | 688 | 659 | 699 | 694 | 679 | 693 | 654 |
| Science and engineering | 535 | 573 | 496 | 554 | 513 | 533 | 527 | 533 | 531 | 492 |
| Agricultural sciences and natural resources | 21 | 15 | 13 | 24 | 21 | 24 | 32 | 13 | 23 | 21 |
| Agricultural sciences | 18 | 14 | 13 | 19 | 15 | 17 | 26 | 11 | 20 | 16 |
| Natural resources and conservation | 3 | 1 | . | 5 | 6 | 7 | 6 | 2 | 3 | 5 |
| Biological and biomedical sciences | 87 | 92 | 80 | 104 | 92 | 96 | 98 | 96 | 80 | 80 |
| Biochemistry and biophysics | 7 | 9 | 5 | 6 | 11 | 11 | 14 | 12 | 7 | 7 |
| Biology and biomedical sciences, general | 20 | 21 | 14 | 18 | 10 | 16 | 5 | 13 | 5 | 3 |
| Bioinformatics, biostatistics, and computational biology | 6 | 12 | 6 | 10 | 7 | 6 | 9 | 6 | 3 | 5 |
| Cellular and developmental biology, and anatomy | 6 | 4 | 3 | 6 | 2 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 |
| Ecology, evolutionary biology, and epidemiology | 9 | 7 | 10 | 12 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 11 | 12 | 9 |
| Genetics and genomics | . | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 7 |
| Microbiology and immunology | 3 | 4 | 7 | 10 | 11 | 8 | 9 | 11 | 9 | 8 |
| Molecular biology | 4 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 3 | . | 3 | 5 | 4 | 1 |
| Neurobiology and neurosciences | 8 | 8 | 6 | 11 | 6 | 14 | 9 | 9 | 11 | 9 |
| Pharmacology and toxicology | 2 | . | . | 1 | 1 | . | 4 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Physiology, pathology, and cancer biology | 9 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 6 | 8 | 4 | 5 | 8 | 10 |
| Biology and biomedical sciences, other | 13 | 17 | 21 | 19 | 25 | 19 | 26 | 16 | 14 | 16 |
| Computer and information sciences | 21 | 16 | 24 | 25 | 36 | 26 | 27 | 26 | 26 | 36 |
| Computer science | 12 | 9 | 15 | 13 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 13 | 19 |
| Computer and information sciences, other | 9 | 7 | 9 | 12 | 21 | 11 | 12 | 11 | 13 | 17 |
| Engineering | 177 | 210 | 164 | 170 | 145 | 177 | 153 | 166 | 202 | 149 |
| Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering | 8 | 9 | 7 | 11 | 6 | 7 | 10 | 10 | 7 | 3 |
| Bioengineering and biomedical engineering | 12 | 9 | 12 | 9 | 6 | 9 | 10 | 7 | 8 | 4 |
| Chemical and petroleum engineering | 16 | 20 | 27 | 19 | 15 | 32 | 23 | 29 | 33 | 22 |
| Civil, environmental, and transportation engineering | 18 | 17 | 11 | 12 | 17 | 12 | 16 | 9 | 9 | 13 |
| Electrical and computer engineering | 34 | 51 | 24 | 27 | 29 | 22 | 19 | 26 | 39 | 31 |
| Industrial engineering and operations research | 12 | 19 | 12 | 14 | 10 | 17 | 10 | 16 | 15 | 9 |
| Materials and mining engineering | 26 | 30 | 32 | 33 | 19 | 26 | 18 | 21 | 29 | 14 |
| Mechanical engineering | 25 | 29 | 25 | 22 | 26 | 24 | 22 | 27 | 30 | 21 |
| Engineering, other | 26 | 26 | 14 | 23 | 17 | 28 | 25 | 21 | 32 | 32 |
| Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences | 16 | 18 | 15 | 19 | 24 | 27 | 26 | 18 | 23 | 19 |
| Geological sciences | 7 | 10 | 6 | 11 | 9 | 9 | 15 | 8 | 12 | 9 |
| Ocean, marine, and atmospheric sciences | 9 | 8 | 9 | 8 | 15 | 18 | 11 | 10 | 11 | 10 |
| Health sciences | 14 | 19 | 15 | 17 | 15 | 10 | 19 | 18 | 18 | 20 |
| Nursing science | 2 | 4 | 3 | 7 | . | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 4 |
| Public health | 1 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 6 | 8 | 3 | 2 |
| Health sciences, other | 11 | 11 | 9 | 8 | 11 | 5 | 9 | 7 | 13 | 14 |
| Mathematics and statistics | 30 | 35 | 28 | 32 | 23 | 24 | 14 | 27 | 25 | 22 |
| Applied mathematics | 1 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 2 |
| Mathematics | 1 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 8 | 6 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 9 |
| Statistics | 14 | 18 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 7 | 4 | 7 | 15 | 8 |
| Mathematics and statistics, other | 14 | 13 | 10 | 15 | 4 | 7 | 4 | 13 | 4 | 3 |
| Physical sciences | 64 | 65 | 52 | 54 | 52 | 54 | 60 | 74 | 56 | 48 |
| Astronomy and astrophysics | 12 | 9 | 5 | 8 | 5 | 9 | 6 | 6 | 4 | 7 |
| Chemistry | 28 | 35 | 22 | 24 | 21 | 18 | 30 | 38 | 29 | 24 |
| Physics | 24 | 21 | 25 | 22 | 26 | 27 | 24 | 30 | 23 | 17 |
| Psychology | 49 | 43 | 43 | 41 | 36 | 34 | 34 | 43 | 25 | 34 |
| Clinical psychology | 6 | 7 | 10 | 10 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 10 | 2 | 7 |
| Counseling and applied psychology | 6 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 12 | 11 | 6 | 9 |
| Research and experimental psychology | 16 | 10 | 17 | 14 | 16 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Psychology, other | 21 | 19 | 10 | 10 | 7 | 13 | 7 | 13 | 8 | 9 |
| Social sciences | 56 | 60 | 62 | 68 | 69 | 61 | 64 | 52 | 53 | 63 |
| Anthropology | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 1 | . | 2 | 2 |
| Economics | 17 | 12 | 16 | 19 | 14 | 9 | 18 | 13 | 13 | 15 |
| Political science and government | 6 | 5 | 3 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 6 | 6 | 3 | 10 |
| Public policy analysis | . | . | 2 | . | 1 | 3 | 2 | . | 2 | 1 |
| Sociology, demography, and population studies | 11 | 5 | 13 | 10 | 12 | 12 | 14 | 12 | 12 | 20 |
| Social sciences, other | 19 | 35 | 24 | 28 | 31 | 25 | 23 | 21 | 21 | 15 |
| Non-science and engineering | 156 | 137 | 133 | 134 | 146 | 166 | 167 | 146 | 162 | 162 |
| Business | 25 | 12 | 16 | 16 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 18 | 20 | 24 |
| Business | 25 | 12 | 16 | 16 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 18 | 20 | 24 |
| Education | 72 | 77 | 70 | 70 | 82 | 77 | 96 | 74 | 76 | 74 |
| Education leadership and administration | 6 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 6 | 10 | 9 | 5 | 8 |
| Education research | 37 | 45 | 43 | 43 | 51 | 48 | 49 | 32 | 50 | 43 |
| Teacher education and teaching fields | 18 | 17 | 16 | 12 | 15 | 12 | 20 | 23 | 13 | 14 |
| Education, other | 11 | 10 | 9 | 10 | 9 | 11 | 17 | 10 | 8 | 9 |
| Humanities and arts | 35 | 28 | 27 | 35 | 32 | 44 | 35 | 36 | 47 | 39 |
| Letters | 12 | 15 | 9 | 16 | 11 | 17 | 14 | 13 | 24 | 11 |
| Foreign languages and literature | 9 | 4 | 3 | 7 | 3 | 11 | 9 | 7 | 10 | 12 |
| History | 5 | 4 | 6 | 3 | 6 | 7 | 4 | 6 | 4 | 8 |
| Philosophy and religious studies | 3 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 7 | 6 | 4 | 7 | 2 | 6 |
| Music and performing arts | . | . | . | . | . | . | 2 | . | . | . |
| Humanities and arts, other | 6 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 7 | 2 |
| Other non-science and engineering | 24 | 20 | 20 | 13 | 14 | 30 | 18 | 18 | 19 | 25 |
| Communication | 15 | 11 | 12 | 7 | 7 | 24 | 10 | 12 | 15 | 18 |
| Public administration and social services | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | . | 3 |
| Non-science and engineering, other | 7 | 7 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 |
NOTES:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates
