Data
Virginia Commonwealth U.
| Fields | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All fields | 196 | 175 | 170 | 186 | 196 | 178 | 194 | 182 | 174 | 151 |
| Science and engineering | 154 | 138 | 130 | 150 | 158 | 136 | 159 | 136 | 140 | 110 |
| Biological and biomedical sciences | 32 | 38 | 28 | 40 | 49 | 40 | 43 | 46 | 48 | 27 |
| Biochemistry and biophysics | 1 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
| Biology and biomedical sciences, general | 2 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 1 | . | . | 1 | 1 | . |
| Bioinformatics, biostatistics, and computational biology | 5 | 4 | 2 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 2 | 9 | 6 | 1 |
| Cellular and developmental biology, and anatomy | . | . | . | 1 | 2 | 1 | . | . | 2 | 1 |
| Ecology, evolutionary biology, and epidemiology | 4 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 5 | 3 |
| Genetics and genomics | 2 | 3 | . | 2 | 6 | 3 | 5 | 9 | 5 | 2 |
| Microbiology and immunology | 5 | 5 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 4 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 5 |
| Molecular biology | 1 | . | . | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 |
| Neurobiology and neurosciences | 2 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 6 | 7 | 4 | 4 | 2 |
| Pharmacology and toxicology | 7 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 1 |
| Physiology, pathology, and cancer biology | 2 | 3 | 3 | 8 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 7 | 6 |
| Biology and biomedical sciences, other | 1 | 1 | . | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | . |
| Computer and information sciences | 4 | 8 | 12 | 6 | 3 | 9 | 2 | 2 | 6 | 1 |
| Computer science | 4 | 6 | 8 | 5 | 3 | 8 | 2 | 1 | 5 | . |
| Computer and information sciences, other | . | 2 | 4 | 1 | . | 1 | . | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Engineering | 25 | 23 | 22 | 19 | 29 | 18 | 26 | 26 | 18 | 20 |
| Bioengineering and biomedical engineering | 6 | 9 | 6 | 1 | 9 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 4 |
| Chemical and petroleum engineering | 4 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 3 | 1 |
| Civil, environmental, and transportation engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | 1 | . |
| Electrical and computer engineering | 5 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 9 | 3 | 3 |
| Industrial engineering and operations research | . | . | . | . | . | . | 1 | . | . | . |
| Materials and mining engineering | . | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | . | 1 | 2 | . |
| Mechanical engineering | 4 | 6 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 8 |
| Engineering, other | 6 | 4 | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 4 |
| Health sciences | 23 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 26 | 31 | 24 | 22 | 23 |
| Nursing science | 5 | 4 | 6 | 4 | 7 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Pharmaceutical sciences | 6 | 5 | 7 | 7 | 4 | 8 | 9 | 11 | 6 | 6 |
| Public health | 2 | 1 | 7 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 3 |
| Health sciences, other | 10 | 15 | 6 | 8 | 11 | 11 | 13 | 6 | 9 | 13 |
| Mathematics and statistics | 11 | 2 | 7 | 8 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
| Applied mathematics | 3 | 1 | . | 2 | . | 1 | . | . | 1 | . |
| Statistics | 2 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 1 | . | . | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| Mathematics and statistics, other | 6 | . | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 4 | . | . | 1 |
| Physical sciences | 29 | 15 | 10 | 17 | 23 | 18 | 20 | 14 | 18 | 14 |
| Chemistry | 27 | 14 | 9 | 17 | 22 | 17 | 16 | 14 | 16 | 12 |
| Physics | 2 | 1 | 1 | . | 1 | 1 | 4 | . | 2 | 2 |
| Psychology | 24 | 21 | 18 | 27 | 19 | 13 | 20 | 17 | 23 | 12 |
| Clinical psychology | 4 | 4 | 5 | 10 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 12 | 5 |
| Counseling and applied psychology | 8 | 10 | 8 | 5 | 8 | 4 | 7 | 7 | 2 | 3 |
| Research and experimental psychology | 10 | 7 | 5 | 10 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 3 |
| Psychology, other | 2 | . | . | 2 | 1 | . | 5 | . | 5 | 1 |
| Social sciences | 6 | 6 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 8 | 13 | 6 | 3 | 9 |
| Economics | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | 1 | . | . |
| Political science and government | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | 1 | 1 |
| Public policy analysis | 4 | 4 | 6 | 5 | 3 | 6 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 5 |
| Social sciences, other | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 1 | . | 3 |
| Non-science and engineering | 42 | 37 | 40 | 36 | 38 | 42 | 35 | 46 | 34 | 41 |
| Business | 7 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 10 |
| Business | 7 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 10 |
| Education | 25 | 29 | 24 | 22 | 30 | 24 | 23 | 20 | 14 | 9 |
| Education leadership and administration | 4 | 4 | 4 | 7 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 4 |
| Education research | 13 | 19 | 15 | 12 | 18 | 10 | 17 | 13 | 8 | 4 |
| Teacher education and teaching fields | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 6 | . | 1 | 2 | . |
| Education, other | 6 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Humanities and arts | 3 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 9 | 9 | 8 |
| Letters | . | . | 2 | . | . | 2 | 1 | . | 1 | 2 |
| History | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | 1 | . | . |
| Philosophy and religious studies | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | 1 | . |
| Music and performing arts | . | . | . | . | . | 1 | . | . | . | . |
| Humanities and arts, other | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 8 | 7 | 6 |
| Other non-science and engineering | 7 | 4 | 8 | 11 | 3 | 9 | 6 | 14 | 8 | 14 |
| Communication | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | . | . | 3 | 1 | 3 |
| Public administration and social services | 5 | 1 | 5 | 8 | 2 | 8 | 4 | 6 | 7 | 11 |
| Non-science and engineering, other | . | . | 1 | 1 | . | 1 | 2 | 5 | . | . |
NOTES:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates
