Data
U. Maryland Center for Environmental Science
Field | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All R&D fields | 53,718 | 51,201 | 54,560 | 56,033 | 54,136 | 55,078 | 54,974 | 52,235 | 50,814 | 53,683 | ||||||||||
Science | 52,814 | 50,250 | 53,554 | 55,031 | 53,238 | 54,098 | 52,861 | 49,341 | 50,814 | 53,683 | ||||||||||
Computer and information sciences | 6 | 40 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences | 42,407 | 40,621 | 43,554 | 43,867 | 42,675 | 46,312 | 50,127 | 48,363 | 50,814 | 53,683 | ||||||||||
Atmospheric science and meteorology | 105 | 84 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 0 | 0 | 430 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Geological and earth sciences | 3,538 | 3,398 | 3,719 | 3,794 | 3,569 | 3,752 | 6,794 | 5,658 | 4,243 | 4,201 | ||||||||||
Ocean sciences and marine sciences | 38,725 | 36,862 | 38,546 | 38,264 | 36,234 | 40,843 | 43,333 | 41,858 | 46,571 | 49,482 | ||||||||||
Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences, not elsewhere classified | 39 | 277 | 1,209 | 1,739 | 2,812 | 1,717 | 0 | 417 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Life sciences | 8,403 | 8,729 | 9,194 | 10,614 | 9,772 | 6,945 | 2,734 | 978 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Agricultural sciences | 954 | 971 | 997 | 1,083 | 1,852 | 1,876 | 136 | 500 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Biological and biomedical sciences | 1,088 | 1,035 | 1,978 | 2,402 | 2,182 | 1,328 | 1,711 | 478 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Health sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Natural resources and conservation | 6,151 | 6,547 | 6,164 | 6,621 | 5,434 | 3,378 | 887 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Life sciences, not elsewhere classified | 210 | 176 | 55 | 508 | 304 | 363 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Mathematics and statistics | 0 | 15 | 5 | 42 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Physical sciences | 1,014 | 519 | 541 | 289 | 702 | 841 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Astronomy and astrophysics | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Chemistry | 875 | 413 | 416 | 234 | 685 | 841 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Materials science | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Physics | 74 | 61 | 72 | 55 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Physical sciences, not elsewhere classified | 65 | 45 | 53 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Psychology | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Social sciences | 509 | 326 | 216 | 219 | 89 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Anthropology | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Economics | 284 | 291 | 193 | 146 | 41 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Political science and government | 0 | 0 | 0 | 73 | 48 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Sociology, demography, and population studies | 169 | 33 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Social sciences, not elsewhere classified | 56 | 2 | 23 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Sciences, not elsewhere classified | 475 | 0 | 42 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Engineering | 0 | 72 | 122 | 90 | 160 | 393 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Bioengineering and biomedical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Chemical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Civil engineering | 0 | 72 | 122 | 89 | 157 | 393 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Industrial and manufacturing engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Mechanical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Metallurgical and materials engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Engineering not elsewhere classified | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Non-S&E | 904 | 879 | 884 | 912 | 738 | 587 | 2,113 | 2,894 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Business management and business administration | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Communication and communications technologies | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Education | 870 | 876 | 884 | 908 | 733 | 587 | 2,113 | 2,894 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Humanities | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Law | 34 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Social work | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Visual and performing arts | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Non-S&E, not elsewhere classified | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
NOTES:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
- Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.
SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey