Data

Virginia Commonwealth U.
Field | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All R&D fields | 364,096 | 283,874 | 255,648 | 246,190 | 235,464 | 225,999 | 218,925 | 201,858 | 196,015 | 201,366 | ||||||||||
Science | 259,620 | 225,778 | 204,810 | 202,495 | 187,681 | 185,899 | 184,028 | 170,351 | 171,320 | 174,963 | ||||||||||
Computer and information sciences | 6,270 | 2,138 | 1,286 | 1,331 | 893 | 601 | 382 | 244 | 396 | 446 | ||||||||||
Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences | 278 | 354 | 871 | 1,196 | 1,220 | 1,115 | 1,027 | 955 | 647 | 740 | ||||||||||
Atmospheric science and meteorology | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Geological and earth sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Ocean sciences and marine sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences, not elsewhere classified | 278 | 354 | 871 | 1,196 | 1,220 | 1,115 | 1,027 | 955 | 647 | 740 | ||||||||||
Life sciences | 233,486 | 206,550 | 185,744 | 181,220 | 167,275 | 167,768 | 164,136 | 151,340 | 129,330 | 137,040 | ||||||||||
Agricultural sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Biological and biomedical sciences | 72,971 | 53,656 | 50,240 | 46,022 | 46,806 | 49,583 | 48,445 | 47,807 | 44,643 | 48,248 | ||||||||||
Health sciences | 140,319 | 137,007 | 121,490 | 124,616 | 110,178 | 106,156 | 93,688 | 85,098 | 68,907 | 70,050 | ||||||||||
Natural resources and conservation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Life sciences, not elsewhere classified | 20,196 | 15,887 | 14,014 | 10,582 | 10,291 | 12,029 | 22,003 | 18,435 | 15,780 | 18,742 | ||||||||||
Mathematics and statistics | 698 | 793 | 890 | 1,085 | 1,048 | 1,208 | 1,425 | 2,063 | 3,606 | 2,572 | ||||||||||
Physical sciences | 3,396 | 3,499 | 3,469 | 3,607 | 2,873 | 3,049 | 6,350 | 7,503 | 8,657 | 5,525 | ||||||||||
Astronomy and astrophysics | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Chemistry | 2,017 | 2,250 | 2,383 | 2,287 | 1,945 | 1,668 | 4,982 | 6,094 | 7,604 | 4,418 | ||||||||||
Materials science | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Physics | 1,379 | 1,249 | 1,086 | 1,320 | 928 | 1,381 | 1,368 | 1,409 | 1,053 | 1,107 | ||||||||||
Physical sciences, not elsewhere classified | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Psychology | 10,533 | 10,743 | 11,299 | 11,581 | 11,843 | 9,434 | 8,799 | 6,427 | 3,632 | 4,759 | ||||||||||
Social sciences | 4,959 | 1,701 | 1,251 | 2,475 | 2,529 | 2,724 | 1,909 | 1,819 | 1,790 | 2,580 | ||||||||||
Anthropology | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Economics | 50 | 7 | 18 | 44 | 84 | 124 | 122 | 148 | 101 | 122 | ||||||||||
Political science and government | 4,898 | 1,543 | 1,099 | 2,280 | 2,254 | 2,515 | 1,698 | 1,671 | 1,608 | 2,282 | ||||||||||
Sociology, demography, and population studies | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Social sciences, not elsewhere classified | 11 | 151 | 134 | 151 | 191 | 85 | 89 | 0 | 81 | 176 | ||||||||||
Sciences, not elsewhere classified | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 23,262 | 21,301 | ||||||||||
Engineering | 32,233 | 29,811 | 26,072 | 20,262 | 23,146 | 16,251 | 12,384 | 7,189 | 4,560 | 4,347 | ||||||||||
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Bioengineering and biomedical engineering | 6,629 | 5,114 | 3,733 | 3,492 | 3,514 | 2,074 | 1,276 | 852 | 503 | 620 | ||||||||||
Chemical engineering | 5,576 | 13,136 | 15,130 | 8,998 | 13,301 | 7,897 | 5,645 | 1,728 | 905 | 747 | ||||||||||
Civil engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering | 7,133 | 1,947 | 1,919 | 1,722 | 1,853 | 1,581 | 1,329 | 1,670 | 1,449 | 1,434 | ||||||||||
Industrial and manufacturing engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Mechanical engineering | 6,655 | 4,327 | 3,590 | 4,089 | 4,281 | 0 | 2,806 | 1,984 | 1,496 | 1,296 | ||||||||||
Metallurgical and materials engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Engineering not elsewhere classified | 6,240 | 5,287 | 1,700 | 1,961 | 197 | 4,699 | 1,328 | 955 | 207 | 250 | ||||||||||
Non-S&E | 72,243 | 28,285 | 24,766 | 23,433 | 24,637 | 23,849 | 22,513 | 24,318 | 20,135 | 22,056 | ||||||||||
Business management and business administration | 0 | 0 | 75 | 95 | 81 | 195 | 183 | 57 | 1 | 138 | ||||||||||
Communication and communications technologies | 17 | 18 | 11 | 2 | 27 | 30 | 88 | 82 | 82 | 5 | ||||||||||
Education | 23,357 | 22,720 | 20,002 | 18,745 | 20,516 | 17,539 | 16,712 | 19,134 | 17,010 | 16,909 | ||||||||||
Humanities | 18,381 | 1,290 | 2,139 | 1,328 | 168 | 1,672 | 1,199 | 496 | 171 | 134 | ||||||||||
Law | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Social work | 1,596 | 1,454 | 1,320 | 924 | 875 | 1,141 | 1,178 | 1,011 | 421 | 1,083 | ||||||||||
Visual and performing arts | 11,962 | 462 | 182 | 234 | 652 | 1,268 | 746 | 1,268 | 939 | 1,589 | ||||||||||
Non-S&E, not elsewhere classified | 16,930 | 2,341 | 1,037 | 2,105 | 2,318 | 2,004 | 2,407 | 2,270 | 1,511 | 2,198 |
NOTES:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
- Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.
SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey