Data

Williams C.
Field | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All R&D fields | 4,902 | 4,924 | 5,188 | 5,506 | 5,227 | 5,747 | 5,679 | 4,440 | 3,857 | 4,518 | ||||||||||
Science | 3,560 | i | 3,549 | i | 3,735 | 4,372 | 4,393 | 4,506 | 4,461 | 3,213 | 3,127 | 4,080 | ||||||||
Computer and information sciences | 113 | i | 110 | i | 115 | 240 | 148 | 178 | 474 | 387 | 449 | 429 | ||||||||
Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences | 200 | i | 195 | i | 205 | 180 | 189 | 185 | 250 | 141 | 258 | 494 | ||||||||
Atmospheric science and meteorology | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Geological and earth sciences | 191 | i | 186 | i | 196 | 176 | 186 | 164 | 180 | 141 | 258 | 449 | ||||||||
Ocean sciences and marine sciences | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 70 | 0 | 0 | 10 | ||||||||
Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences, not elsewhere classified | 9 | i | 9 | i | 9 | 4 | 3 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 35 | ||||||||
Life sciences | 703 | i | 686 | i | 720 | 600 | 618 | 853 | 692 | 398 | 265 | 578 | ||||||||
Agricultural sciences | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 23 | ||||||||
Biological and biomedical sciences | 602 | i | 582 | i | 610 | 449 | 500 | 578 | 410 | 398 | 265 | 540 | ||||||||
Health sciences | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Natural resources and conservation | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Life sciences, not elsewhere classified | 101 | i | 104 | i | 110 | 151 | 118 | 275 | 282 | 0 | 0 | 15 | ||||||||
Mathematics and statistics | 411 | i | 401 | i | 419 | 428 | 422 | 239 | 275 | 204 | 338 | 373 | ||||||||
Physical sciences | 1,237 | i | 1,245 | i | 1,312 | 1,372 | 1,265 | 1,963 | 1,424 | 1,067 | 1,121 | 1,349 | ||||||||
Astronomy and astrophysics | 209 | i | 208 | i | 219 | 479 | 461 | 546 | 228 | 142 | 263 | 284 | ||||||||
Chemistry | 152 | i | 156 | i | 165 | 155 | 145 | 183 | 244 | 392 | 347 | 610 | ||||||||
Materials science | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Physics | 323 | i | 315 | i | 329 | 197 | 234 | 629 | 563 | 289 | 320 | 396 | ||||||||
Physical sciences, not elsewhere classified | 553 | i | 566 | i | 599 | 541 | 425 | 605 | 389 | 244 | 191 | 59 | ||||||||
Psychology | 83 | i | 85 | i | 91 | 184 | 229 | 253 | 256 | 326 | 115 | 178 | ||||||||
Social sciences | 812 | i | 827 | i | 873 | 1,368 | 1,522 | 835 | 1,090 | 690 | 581 | 679 | ||||||||
Anthropology | 27 | i | 28 | i | 30 | 84 | 43 | 123 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Economics | 397 | i | 402 | i | 424 | 552 | 769 | 231 | 380 | 383 | 467 | 460 | ||||||||
Political science and government | 27 | i | 28 | i | 30 | 123 | 113 | 91 | 139 | 129 | 86 | 63 | ||||||||
Sociology, demography, and population studies | 1 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 48 | 40 | 17 | 138 | 18 | 28 | 25 | ||||||||
Social sciences, not elsewhere classified | 360 | i | 369 | i | 389 | 561 | 557 | 373 | 433 | 160 | 0 | 131 | ||||||||
Sciences, not elsewhere classified | 1 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Engineering | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Bioengineering and biomedical engineering | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Chemical engineering | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Civil engineering | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Industrial and manufacturing engineering | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Mechanical engineering | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Metallurgical and materials engineering | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Engineering not elsewhere classified | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Non-S&E | 1,342 | i | 1,375 | i | 1,453 | 1,134 | 834 | 1,241 | 1,218 | 1,227 | 730 | 438 | ||||||||
Business management and business administration | 1 | i | 1 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Communication and communications technologies | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 43 | ||||||||
Education | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 143 | ||||||||
Humanities | 681 | i | 698 | i | 738 | 620 | 475 | 775 | 752 | 696 | 497 | 36 | ||||||||
Law | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Social work | 0 | i | 0 | i | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Visual and performing arts | 97 | i | 99 | i | 105 | 82 | 52 | 215 | 209 | 170 | 139 | 128 | ||||||||
Non-S&E, not elsewhere classified | 563 | i | 577 | i | 610 | 432 | 307 | 251 | 257 | 361 | 94 | 88 |
i=imputed
NOTES:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
- Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.
SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey