Stanford U.

Rankings

Data year Earned doctorates Full-time graduate students Total R&D expenditures Research space
Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked
2024 11 97.8 459 12 98.3 631 9 99.1 925
2023 5 99.1 459 11 98.5 679 10 99 911 40 93.6 602
2022 2 99.8 457 14 98.1 680 10 99 900
2021 2 99.8 447 13 98.3 691 9 99.1 908 38 93.7 583
2020 7 98.7 450 9 98.9 698 10 99 916
2019 6 98.9 447 7 99.2 697 11 98.9 914 33 94.6 589
2018 11 97.7 428 7 99.2 700 11 98.9 911
2017 6 98.8 425 7 99.1 684 10 99 898 36 94 575
2016 6 98.8 430 6 99.3 697 9 99.1 896
2015 14 97 426 5 99.4 693 8 99.2 898 35 94.1 570
NOTES:
  • 1. See TableBuilder for the prior year data.
  • 2. Blank white cells indicate data not available, not applicable, or institution not eligible for survey.
  • 3. Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

Data

Number of earned doctorates, by trend major field of study of recipients: 2024–15
Fields 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All fields 738 799 836 815 769 770 726 758 763 689
  Science and engineering 627 688 726 712 656 643 616 600 644 550
    Agricultural sciences and natural resources 4 9 8 9 4 8 11 11 9 6
      Agricultural sciences 1 1 . 4 . . . 1 . .
      Natural resources and conservation 3 8 8 5 4 8 11 10 9 6
    Biological and biomedical sciences 118 127 140 150 123 98 116 101 110 104
      Biochemistry and biophysics 11 15 16 9 15 17 15 11 10 13
      Biology and biomedical sciences, general 13 15 15 19 15 14 15 14 13 12
      Bioinformatics, biostatistics, and computational biology 9 12 14 16 2 9 7 12 7 9
      Cellular and developmental biology, and anatomy 15 8 11 17 18 15 9 4 11 9
      Ecology, evolutionary biology, and epidemiology 8 13 9 12 5 6 4 13 2 7
      Genetics and genomics 8 15 13 12 15 6 14 14 12 6
      Microbiology and immunology 22 14 18 19 12 11 15 14 18 13
      Molecular biology 6 6 8 8 4 . 5 2 4 4
      Neurobiology and neurosciences 16 14 18 17 22 12 21 9 15 16
      Pharmacology and toxicology . . . . . . . . . .
      Physiology, pathology, and cancer biology 7 12 16 14 11 7 10 6 14 9
      Biology and biomedical sciences, other 3 3 2 7 4 1 1 2 4 6
    Computer and information sciences 60 62 49 44 39 44 29 34 29 36
      Computer science 50 54 42 41 37 37 28 33 27 34
      Computer and information sciences, other 10 8 7 3 2 7 1 1 2 2
    Engineering 220 233 281 257 260 242 229 201 255 229
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 22 20 16 19 14 26 16 10 21 8
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 19 26 38 22 31 26 18 13 20 11
      Chemical and petroleum engineering 17 22 27 32 27 21 28 19 20 27
      Civil, environmental, and transportation engineering 24 21 33 24 30 25 18 28 19 25
      Electrical and computer engineering 45 63 56 59 73 63 59 58 80 73
      Industrial engineering and operations research 4 3 4 6 1 3 2 4 8 5
      Materials and mining engineering 13 19 27 21 17 23 29 25 27 22
      Mechanical engineering 45 29 49 41 53 39 42 34 47 43
      Engineering, other 31 30 31 33 14 16 17 10 13 15
    Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 26 19 31 28 26 29 34 33 20 25
      Geological sciences 22 14 27 25 22 21 31 31 16 22
      Ocean, marine, and atmospheric sciences 4 5 4 3 4 8 3 2 4 3
    Health sciences 3 . . 5 . 1 . 2 1 .
      Pharmaceutical sciences . . . 1 . . . . . .
      Public health 2 . . 3 . . . 1 . .
      Health sciences, other 1 . . 1 . 1 . 1 1 .
    Mathematics and statistics 32 38 41 39 29 24 26 50 36 18
      Applied mathematics 7 6 5 11 5 1 . 6 8 2
      Mathematics 3 6 3 3 4 7 8 5 3 4
      Statistics 9 11 13 11 11 9 6 21 5 4
      Mathematics and statistics, other 13 15 20 14 9 7 12 18 20 8
    Physical sciences 72 109 96 90 98 107 87 106 82 60
      Astronomy and astrophysics 1 7 5 4 6 2 1 3 2 3
      Chemistry 27 42 29 40 33 55 46 42 34 24
      Physics 44 60 62 46 59 50 40 61 46 33
    Psychology 15 12 11 10 14 16 17 5 23 9
      Counseling and applied psychology 2 . . . 1 . 3 . 1 .
      Research and experimental psychology 9 7 10 6 6 12 5 4 13 2
      Psychology, other 4 5 1 4 7 4 9 1 9 7
    Social sciences 77 79 69 80 63 74 67 57 79 63
      Anthropology 5 4 9 10 8 12 9 7 14 6
      Economics 30 28 26 28 17 31 30 25 25 31
      Political science and government 16 17 12 19 17 11 14 8 17 10
      Public policy analysis 2 1 2 1 3 1 . . . .
      Sociology, demography, and population studies 8 12 5 10 7 8 5 9 12 10
      Social sciences, other 16 17 15 12 11 11 9 8 11 6
  Non-science and engineering 111 111 110 103 113 127 110 158 119 139
    Business 23 21 27 27 22 23 23 33 24 20
      Business 23 21 27 27 22 23 23 33 24 20
    Education 20 26 21 16 25 25 20 29 27 40
      Education leadership and administration 1 . . . . . . . . .
      Education research 9 11 9 9 10 10 13 11 8 19
      Teacher education and teaching fields 6 5 4 3 6 4 2 3 8 4
      Education, other 4 10 8 4 9 11 5 15 11 17
    Humanities and arts 60 54 51 52 56 70 54 64 63 70
      Letters 18 11 13 10 19 18 10 9 18 20
      Foreign languages and literature 6 7 9 7 7 13 9 18 8 12
      History 5 14 8 15 10 14 12 9 11 13
      Philosophy and religious studies 9 11 5 10 8 6 9 11 6 10
      Music and performing arts 13 8 7 9 7 6 9 8 11 8
      Humanities and arts, other 9 3 9 1 5 13 5 9 9 7
    Other non-science and engineering 8 10 11 8 10 9 13 32 5 9
      Communication 2 7 5 2 4 6 10 7 4 4
      Non-science and engineering, other 6 3 6 6 6 3 3 25 1 5

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2024–15
All races 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents   4,284   4,129   3,990   3,845   3,693   3,777   3,760   3,539   3,635   3,652
    Hispanic or Latino   569   550   527   485   431   443   416   390   317   330
    Not Hispanic or Latino   3,598   3,501   3,384   3,293   3,191   3,268   3,291   2,908   3,071   3,040
      American Indian or Alaska Native   11   10   9   8   7   4   2   6   20   23
      Asian   1,376   1,303   1,179   1,084   1,011   995   930   855   867   871
      Black or African American   227   229   207   174   144   97   95   85   114   94
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander   3   4   4   3   1   1   3   12   10   8
      White   1,644   1,619   1,671   1,747   1,782   1,926   2,016   1,904   2,059   2,041
      More than one race   337   336   314   277   246   245   245   46   1   3
    Unknown ethnicity and race   117   78   79   67   71   66   53   241   247   282
  Temporary visa holders   2,400   2,320   2,286   2,154   2,005   2,217   2,124   2,074   2,309   2,365
  Science and engineering   6,465   6,257   6,099   5,843   5,559   5,857   5,761   5,540   5,939   5,971
    Science   4,058   3,948   3,752   3,593   3,426   3,435   3,214   3,021   3,259   3,048
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological and biomedical sciences   941   920   886   863   866   845   844   813   740   687
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   66   50
      Computer and information sciences   1,138   1,106   974   855   722   705   395   394   586   506
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   205   213   187   186   192   198   169   195   251   265
      Mathematics and statistics   361   350   362   359   352   373   350   355   394   408
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   66   27   14   17   12   15   0   0   0   0
      Natural resources and conservation   112   108   114   107   100   99   93   86   0   0
      Physical sciences   618   603   604   592   574   587   791   583   550   445
      Psychology   75   74   70   64   66   61   67   71   76   78
      Social sciences   542   547   541   550   542   552   505   524   504   519
    Engineering   2,407   2,309   2,347   2,250   2,133   2,422   2,547   2,519   2,680   2,923
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   197   215   211   184   190   226   229   211   194   209
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   214   196   173   179   176   184   198   188   199   242
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   138   128   129   134   140   155   183   192   259   245
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   437   430   471   465   357   436   452   435   461   449
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   545   510   511   513   512   589   624   679   641   667
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   243   262
      Mechanical engineering   550   517   516   452   450   537   576   526   462   505
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   237   218   221   216   203   184   181   200   221   209
      Other engineering   89   95   115   107   105   111   104   88   0   135
    Health   219   192   177   156   139   137   123   73   5   46
      Clinical medicine   90   82   82   58   61   60   49   10   5   38
      Other health   129   110   95   98   78   77   74   63   0   8

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Part-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2024–15
All races 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents   215   198   164   190   201   139   126   166   334   375
    Hispanic or Latino   21   26   18   15   25   15   9   10   27   24
    Not Hispanic or Latino   184   169   140   165   166   122   115   148   283   320
      American Indian or Alaska Native   0   0   0   1   0   0   0   0   0   1
      Asian   95   92   59   73   76   43   36   65   105   114
      Black or African American   9   6   4   5   4   2   4   4   12   13
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander   0   1   0   0   0   0   0   1   0   1
      White   64   59   69   76   74   70   67   73   166   191
      More than one race   16   11   8   10   12   7   8   5   0   0
    Unknown ethnicity and race   10   3   6   10   10   2   2   8   24   31
  Temporary visa holders   71   70   59   65   44   64   44   37   237   218
  Science and engineering   256   241   201   228   226   189   162   187   567   589
    Science   126   113   96   114   128   118   85   115   182   189
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological and biomedical sciences   5   8   3   3   2   4   3   21   35   41
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   5   10
      Computer and information sciences   98   83   72   90   97   79   62   58   77   82
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   2   2   0   0   3   2   1   1   0   0
      Mathematics and statistics   10   14   11   11   13   17   7   23   41   32
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   0   1   1   0   1   1   0   0   0   0
      Natural resources and conservation   3   0   2   0   4   1   1   2   0   0
      Physical sciences   0   1   2   3   4   3   1   1   1   0
      Psychology   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Social sciences   8   4   5   7   4   11   10   9   19   20
    Engineering   130   128   105   114   98   71   77   72   385   400
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   9   10   11   17   14   9   9   6   26   26
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   0   1   0   0   2   0   0   0   0   1
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   32   22   16   14   9   4   2   3   0   1
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   11   20   7   8   13   7   2   6   41   45
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   51   50   45   45   41   41   53   43   150   141
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   69   70
      Mechanical engineering   21   20   21   24   18   9   10   11   96   114
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   2   5   5   3   1   1   1   3   3   2
      Other engineering   4   0   0   3   0   0   0   0   0   0
    Health   30   27   22   27   19   14   8   16   4   4
      Clinical medicine   3   1   2   6   1   1   2   2   4   3
      Other health   27   26   20   21   18   13   6   14   0   1

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health receiving primary support from federal sources, by field: 2024–15
Field 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All surveyed fields   1,469   1,406   1,428   1,511   1,565   1,582   1,331   1,389   1,512   1,470
  Science and engineering   1,426   1,370   1,392   1,468   1,524   1,549   1,292   1,355   1,512   1,455
    Science   850   810   860   915   906   948   851   792   896   771
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological and biomedical sciences   250   253   296   293   323   362   391   370   337   295
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   2   0
      Computer and information sciences   131   134   148   147   130   130   20   18   124   106
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   26   27   25   25   27   29   18   25   18   22
      Mathematics and statistics   68   59   57   69   73   73   49   62   75   80
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   6   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Natural resources and conservation   4   5   2   1   0   1   1   4   0   0
      Physical sciences   312   286   295   331   314   320   331   254   240   154
      Psychology   9   11   8   10   8   7   7   10   15   17
      Social sciences   44   35   29   39   31   26   34   49   36   44
    Engineering   576   560   532   553   618   601   441   563   616   684
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   60   69   62   64   60   45   49   48   53   47
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   74   65   60   59   70   69   66   68   77   79
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   53   60   51   43   56   55   45   44   59   53
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   34   30   37   50   52   52   41   40   37   39
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   134   102   105   123   149   158   121   173   173   181
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   27   22
      Mechanical engineering   118   138   129   127   139   143   58   142   143   142
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   94   90   81   81   82   70   45   44   47   49
      Other engineering   9   6   7   6   10   9   16   4   0   72
    Health   43   36   36   43   41   33   39   34   0   15
      Clinical medicine   14   10   9   10   5   5   8   4   0   13
      Other health   29   26   27   33   36   28   31   30   0   2

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by type and primary source of support: 2024–15
Type and primary source of support 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All types and sources of support   6,684   6,449   6,276   5,999   5,698   5,994   5,884   5,613   5,944   6,017
  Fellowships   2,032   1,975   2,010   1,898   1,927   1,841   1,759   1,754   1,944   2,094
    Federal   614   627   665   652   721   736   700   732   729   761
    Institutional   1,293   1,264   1,279   1,198   1,174   1,070   978   887   1,098   1,196
    Nonfederal   125   84   66   48   32   35   81   135   117   137
  Research assistantships   1,940   1,910   1,846   1,821   1,815   1,889   2,030   1,950   1,907   1,869
    Federal   855   779   762   858   844   846   604   639   755   703
    Institutional   831   881   863   763   768   821   1,226   1,158   997   991
    Nonfederal   254   250   221   200   203   222   200   153   155   175
  Teaching assistantships   864   835   780   731   684   755   694   561   707   701
    Federal   0   0   1   1   0   0   1   5   0   0
    Institutional   864   835   779   729   684   755   693   555   693   701
    Nonfederal   0   0   0   1   0   0   0   1   14   0
  Other types of support   1,848   1,729   1,640   1,549   1,272   1,509   1,401   1,348   1,386   1,353
    Federal   0   0   0   0   0   0   26   13   28   6
    Institutional   0   0   0   0   0   0   116   110   72   39
    Nonfederal   0   0   0   0   0   0   23   28   10   17
    Personal resources   1,848   1,729   1,640   1,549   1,272   1,509   1,236   1,197   1,276   1,291

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Postdoctorates in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2024–15
All races 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  Science and engineering   1,661   1,531   1,464   1,444   1,531   1,509   1,407   1,413   1,362   1,361
    Science   1,235   1,143   1,088   1,089   1,174   1,213   1,104   1,094   996   1,010
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   9   8   9   9   9   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological and biomedical sciences   677   651   652   658   706   691   630   634   589   582
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Computer and information sciences   46   44   47   44   37   48   40   44   31   30
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   72   52   43   42   61   56   47   52   52   52
      Mathematics and statistics   28   30   19   21   18   23   20   25   23   22
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   22   20   4   3   8   2   4   2   1   0
      Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Physical sciences   239   206   218   200   210   281   282   261   205   222
      Psychology   39   37   30   36   40   38   35   33   32   36
      Social sciences   103   95   66   76   85   74   46   43   44   50
    Engineering   426   388   376   355   357   296   303   319   366   351
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   12   17   15   14   15   14   8   6   9   9
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   91   74   79   75   81   71   84   81   61   58
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   93   82   85   75   53   77   77   88   73   83
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   61   49   52   68   83   22   28   27   26   23
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   64   65   54   53   56   56   53   64   57   31
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   0   0   0   0   0   2   5   3   6   5
      Mechanical engineering   74   64   51   38   39   54   48   50   49   57
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   85   44
      Other engineering   31   37   40   32   30   0   0   0   0   41
    Health   984   956   933   888   915   945   897   853   866   903
      Clinical medicine   978   948   927   883   911   934   885   842   853   889
      Other health   6   8   6   5   4   11   12   11   13   14

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Federally supported science, engineering, and health postdoctorates, by field: 2024–15
Field 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All surveyed fields   1,325   1,226   1,143   1,065   1,195   1,132   1,012   987   1,002   1,015
  Science and engineering   843   774   718   679   749   694   547   551   571   607
    Science   601   580   559   512   577   580   437   439   431   455
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   0   1   1   1   1   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological and biomedical sciences   376   359   381   335   371   334   316   317   304   311
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Computer and information sciences   15   17   17   18   14   18   11   12   21   14
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   22   22   13   16   28   27   16   18   10   14
      Mathematics and statistics   12   16   8   9   9   13   12   14   11   10
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   1   2   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Physical sciences   152   139   124   120   133   169   68   65   63   81
      Psychology   13   12   12   11   16   16   14   13   10   16
      Social sciences   10   12   3   2   5   3   0   0   6   3
    Engineering   242   194   159   167   172   114   110   112   140   152
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   10   8   4   5   9   4   3   2   6   7
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   42   28   28   22   28   25   36   34   22   27
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   49   45   41   35   25   23   9   10   13   17
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   33   24   28   37   40   5   9   8   11   7
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   40   34   21   29   34   32   26   30   34   20
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   0   0   0   0   0   2   0   0   2   3
      Mechanical engineering   48   31   17   20   19   23   27   28   29   35
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   23   11
      Other engineering   20   24   20   19   17   0   0   0   0   25
    Health   482   452   425   386   446   438   465   436   431   408
      Clinical medicine   478   448   420   381   442   433   459   431   424   401
      Other health   4   4   5   5   4   5   6   5   7   7

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Total R&D expenditures, by field: 2024–15
(Dollars in thousands)
Field 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  All R&D fields   1,641,961   1,537,846   1,384,555   1,274,483   1,203,950   1,204,116   1,157,597   1,109,708   1,066,269   1,022,551
    Science   1,420,258   1,330,263   1,197,745   1,093,758   1,028,859   1,024,104   959,810   929,791   886,718   835,500
      Computer and information sciences   28,450   27,907   25,448   23,232   26,512   24,575   25,298   29,276   25,258   20,349
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   39,442   35,299   30,947   21,216   20,216   17,624   18,036   16,079   17,302   32,596
        Atmospheric science and meteorology   0   0   0   0   0   0   235   128   0   0
        Geological and earth sciences   23,625   21,971   21,779   11,821   12,021   11,031   10,272   7,124   8,203   13,421
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences   6,740   4,292   2,787   2,827   2,713   2,972   3,137   3,924   3,643   4,912
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec   9,077   9,036   6,381   6,568   5,482   3,621   4,392   4,903   5,456   14,263
      Life sciences   1,202,386   1,119,445   999,214   905,150   836,401   837,068   780,090   745,123   700,514   647,800
        Agricultural sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Biological and biomedical sciences   296,965   280,092   265,253   242,245   228,842   189,727   188,026   185,054   177,611   218,071
        Health sciences   854,444   795,985   695,772   622,630   572,268   614,159   553,597   518,631   490,594   411,364
        Natural resources and conservation   2,046   1,985   1,699   1,074   1,983   3,933   3,797   3,933   5,686   0
        Life sciences nec   48,931   41,383   36,490   39,201   33,308   29,249   34,670   37,505   26,623   18,365
      Mathematics and statistics   7,695   6,455   6,408   6,070   7,036   4,836   5,505   6,109   7,500   7,477
      Physical sciences   103,675   103,816   101,529   98,672   94,954   95,084   88,010   92,056   100,544   96,039
        Astronomy and astrophysics   5,471   4,028   4,101   4,776   6,031   4,428   8,649   8,045   0   0
        Chemistry   33,855   31,848   29,681   27,849   25,478   25,306   22,807   26,834   26,757   21,619
        Materials science   13,716   15,354   16,916   14,149   11,383   13,238   16,564   20,182   23,506   0
        Physics   48,921   49,870   48,088   47,667   48,826   49,051   35,411   33,393   39,290   8,271
        Physical sciences nec   1,712   2,716   2,743   4,231   3,236   3,061   4,579   3,602   10,991   66,149
      Psychology   14,320   14,151   15,648   16,587   18,866   20,091   18,099   17,832   17,215   15,128
      Social sciences   23,597   22,966   18,390   22,559   24,770   24,038   24,772   23,316   18,385   16,111
        Anthropology   642   371   230   53   291   1,231   2,936   2,281   1,376   0
        Economics   2,608   4,908   4,880   4,613   3,415   4,397   6,079   5,118   3,257   2,600
        Political science and government   9,049   10,270   5,731   5,153   7,490   9,763   890   1,173   1,840   223
        Sociology, demography, and population studies   430   239   547   173   334   594   291   345   337   11,016
        Social sciences nec   10,868   7,178   7,002   12,567   13,240   8,053   14,576   14,399   11,575   2,272
      Sciences nec   693   224   161   272   104   788   0   0   0   0
    Engineering   164,503   158,868   142,213   136,251   130,950   134,585   146,504   125,627   125,633   134,143
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   16,591   17,318   15,995   14,894   15,157   13,315   14,004   14,546   14,365   15,055
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering   41,081   36,591   30,636   23,021   26,083   30,806   36,496   24,388   21,905   22,327
      Chemical engineering   21,400   18,629   15,593   19,090   17,176   18,597   20,348   13,060   12,528   9,032
      Civil engineering   11,675   13,823   14,092   12,950   15,130   14,868   15,041   12,496   11,053   12,537
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering   22,551   25,789   22,074   25,665   18,285   17,840   19,145   21,781   24,636   31,339
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering   6,386   7,259   6,685   6,338   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Mechanical engineering   30,979   26,550   25,314   23,900   24,302   26,845   29,512   28,174   28,404   28,590
      Metallurgical and materials engineering   12,075   11,489   10,185   8,947   9,972   8,078   5,498   4,537   5,308   5,875
      Engineering nec   1,765   1,420   1,639   1,446   4,845   4,236   6,460   6,645   7,434   9,388
    Non-S&E   57,200   48,715   44,597   44,474   44,141   45,427   51,283   54,290   53,918   52,908
      Business management and business administration   876   549   307   384   432   380   259   663   567   545
      Communication and communications technologies   640   831   865   1,595   890   1,118   1,233   1,624   1,342   1,732
      Education   52,024   44,601   40,158   40,020   41,378   41,889   45,487   46,797   48,318   46,925
      Humanities   1,301   629   307   351   957   1,108   773   794   537   2,188
      Law   1,980   1,778   2,646   1,602   433   624   1,752   2,464   1,841   1,220
      Social work   0   0   0   0   2   6   80   101   117   0
      Visual and performing arts   325   255   131   163   0   4   177   340   429   0
      Non-S&E nec   54   72   183   359   49   298   1,522   1,507   767   298

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Total R&D expenditures, by source of funds and R&D field: 2024
(Dollars in thousands)
Field All R&D expenditures Federal government State and local government Institution funds Business Nonprofit organizations All other sources
  All R&D fields   1,641,961   1,012,767   39,564   207,741   152,221   218,804   10,864
    Science   1,420,258   881,918   38,335   178,909   134,849   179,026   7,221
      Computer and information sciences   28,450   15,334   0   3,614   5,768   3,065   669
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   39,442   13,848   1,757   8,429   5,749   8,957   702
        Atmospheric science and meteorology   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Geological and earth sciences   23,625   10,693   265   4,034   5,749   2,561   323
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences   6,740   2,415   1,492   1,485   0   1,339   9
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec   9,077   740   0   2,910   0   5,057   370
      Life sciences   1,202,386   751,119   36,392   151,544   116,210   142,131   4,990
        Agricultural sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Biological and biomedical sciences   296,965   216,589   1,542   34,525   4,176   39,283   850
        Health sciences   854,444   499,285   34,285   110,334   107,884   98,547   4,109
        Natural resources and conservation   2,046   1,186   0   38   822   0   0
        Life sciences nec   48,931   34,059   565   6,647   3,328   4,301   31
      Mathematics and statistics   7,695   6,162   0   464   0   1,069   0
      Physical sciences   103,675   80,304   156   6,295   6,199   9,899   822
        Astronomy and astrophysics   5,471   4,336   0   169   0   488   478
        Chemistry   33,855   26,641   0   2,796   815   3,295   308
        Materials science   13,716   9,891   156   861   1,544   1,264   0
        Physics   48,921   38,178   0   2,028   3,827   4,852   36
        Physical sciences nec   1,712   1,258   0   441   13   0   0
      Psychology   14,320   9,016   0   2,368   429   2,507   0
      Social sciences   23,597   6,135   30   6,004   494   10,896   38
        Anthropology   642   84   0   347   0   211   0
        Economics   2,608   1,038   0   497   0   1,073   0
        Political science and government   9,049   2,293   30   2,253   0   4,473   0
        Sociology, demography, and population studies   430   212   0   103   0   115   0
        Social sciences nec   10,868   2,508   0   2,804   494   5,024   38
      Sciences nec   693   0   0   191   0   502   0
    Engineering   164,503   102,868   813   18,787   17,125   22,299   2,611
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   16,591   13,072   0   223   2,502   152   642
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering   41,081   25,791   161   5,849   902   8,288   90
      Chemical engineering   21,400   10,296   388   3,418   3,357   3,798   143
      Civil engineering   11,675   4,152   256   3,110   1,324   1,670   1,163
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering   22,551   12,719   0   1,533   4,533   3,305   461
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering   6,386   5,495   0   454   110   327   0
      Mechanical engineering   30,979   24,425   8   1,792   4,066   576   112
      Metallurgical and materials engineering   12,075   5,448   0   2,285   331   4,011   0
      Engineering nec   1,765   1,470   0   123   0   172   0
    Non-S&E   57,200   27,981   416   10,045   247   17,479   1,032
      Business management and business administration   876   272   0   246   0   307   51
      Communication and communications technologies   640   435   0   82   0   5   118
      Education   52,024   26,909   395   7,959   231   15,671   859
      Humanities   1,301   193   0   739   0   365   4
      Law   1,980   172   0   811   16   981   0
      Social work   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Visual and performing arts   325   0   0   185   0   140   0
      Non-S&E nec   54   0   21   23   0   10   0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Federally funded R&D expenditures, by federal agency: 2024–15
(Dollars in thousands)
Source of funds 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
Federal Agencies   1,012,767   943,669   860,125   811,183   751,414   738,957   711,443   710,698   694,693   675,930
  DOD   99,397   87,775   75,608   76,467   69,428   69,469   70,691   85,205   82,737   83,093
  DOE   29,679   31,180   32,543   28,660   24,507   18,327   21,285   23,833   26,299   26,853
  HHS   766,409   712,159   643,308   599,239   551,284   544,763   509,214   493,259   468,993   444,739
  NASA   24,102   22,178   19,608   18,233   17,289   22,652   22,065   18,330   18,112   19,166
  NSF   82,146   79,757   79,477   79,576   78,681   75,886   76,885   76,874   83,761   86,631
  USDA   815   1,014   765   444   319   243   110   149   201   220
  Other   10,219   9,606   8,816   8,564   9,906   7,617   11,193   13,048   14,590   15,228

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Headcount of R&D personnel: 2024–18 [temporarily discontinued]
Year
2024   .   .   .   .
2023   .   .   .   .
2022   .   .   .   .
2021   .   .   .   .
2020   .   .   .   .
2019   11,169   1,714   9,455   .
2018   10,767   1,560   9,207   .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field: 2023–14
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space 2023 2021 2019 2017 2015
  All research space   1,665   1,679   1,731   1,640   1,563
    Agricultural sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Biological and biomedical sciences   546   512   541   450   422
    Computer and information sciences   23   26   26   26   29
    Engineering   258   243   257   284   280
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   50   53   50   53   53
    Health sciences   487   512   508   499   465
    Mathematics and statistics   6   6   5   7   7
    Natural resources and conservation   7   8   7   0   0
    Physical sciences   242   268   272   265   256
    Psychology   16   21   22   22   19
    Social sciences   17   17   30   21   17
    Other   13   13   13   13   14

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

New construction of science and engineering research space, by field and time of construction: 2025–16
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space   0   14,763   0   57,947   249,812
    Agricultural sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Biological and biomedical sciences   0   0   0   0   174,153
    Computer and information sciences   0   11,509   0   0   0
    Engineering   0   0   0   0   0
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Health sciences   0   0   0   57,947   75,659
    Mathematics and statistics   0   0   0   0   0
    Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   0   0
    Physical sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Psychology   0   0   0   0   0
    Social sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Other   0   3,254   0   0   0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

Costs for repair and renovation of science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field and time of repair and renovation: 2025–16
(Dollars in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space   37,839   75,456   26,735   7,862   43,823
    Agricultural sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Biological and biomedical sciences   0   11,107   676   574   5,373
    Computer and information sciences   0   0   0   0   777
    Engineering   19,665   11,346   0   0   23,057
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   0   0   2,368   401   350
    Health sciences   15,441   45,477   23,691   1,728   5,373
    Mathematics and statistics   0   0   0   0   0
    Natural resources and conservation   0   475   0   0   0
    Physical sciences   2,734   7,051   0   5,159   8,893
    Psychology   0   0   0   0   0
    Social sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Other   0   0   0   0   0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

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