Oklahoma State U., Center for Health Sciences

Rankings
Data year | Earned doctorates | Full-time graduate students | Total R&D expenditures | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rank | Percentile | Institutions ranked | Rank | Percentile | Institutions ranked | Rank | Percentile | Institutions ranked | Rank | Percentile | Institutions ranked | |
2023 | 396 | 14.6 | 459 | 583 | 15 | 679 | 412 | 32.3 | 602 | 343 | 62.9 | 914 |
2022 | 395 | 14.5 | 457 | 622 | 9.5 | 680 | 367 | 59.7 | 900 | |||
2021 | 363 | 19.6 | 447 | 602 | 13.8 | 691 | 397 | 32.6 | 583 | 366 | 60.2 | 908 |
2020 | 394 | 13.4 | 450 | 493 | 30.1 | 698 | 361 | 61 | 916 | |||
2019 | 396 | 12.3 | 447 | 593 | 15.8 | 697 | 393 | 34 | 589 | 399 | 56.8 | 914 |
2018 | 416 | 3.8 | 428 | 583 | 17.6 | 700 | 496 | 46.2 | 911 | |||
2017 | 395 | 8 | 425 | 572 | 17.2 | 684 | 392 | 32.6 | 575 | 488 | 46.2 | 898 |
2016 | 384 | 11.6 | 430 | 555 | 21.2 | 697 | 503 | 44.5 | 896 | |||
2015 | 411 | 4.5 | 426 | 554 | 20.9 | 693 | 375 | 34.9 | 570 | 551 | 39.3 | 898 |
2014 | 401 | 5.9 | 422 | 571 | 17.9 | 688 | 536 | 40.4 | 889 |
NOTES:
- 1. See TableBuilder for the prior year data.
- 2. Blank white cells indicate data not available, not applicable, or institution not eligible for survey.
- 3. Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.
Data

Fields | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All fields | 5 | 5 | 7 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 2 |
Science and engineering | 5 | 5 | 7 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 2 |
Biological and biomedical sciences | 2 | 2 | 7 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 |
Biology and biomedical sciences, general | 1 | 1 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 |
Microbiology and immunology | . | . | . | 1 | 1 | . | . | . | . | . |
Molecular biology | . | . | . | 1 | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Neurobiology and neurosciences | . | 1 | . | . | 2 | 1 | . | 1 | . | . |
Pharmacology and toxicology | 1 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Physiology, pathology, and cancer biology | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | 1 | . |
Biology and biomedical sciences, other | . | . | . | . | . | . | 1 | . | . | . |
Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences | . | 1 | . | . | . | . | . | 1 | . | . |
Geological sciences | . | 1 | . | . | . | . | . | 1 | . | . |
Health sciences | 1 | 1 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Pharmaceutical sciences | 1 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Health sciences, other | . | 1 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Social sciences | 2 | 1 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Social sciences, other | 2 | 1 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
NOTE:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates
All races | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male | 9 | 10 | 11 | 32 | 14 | 18 | 18 | 20 | 25 | 13 | ||||||||||
Female | 28 | 11 | 19 | 41 | 17 | 16 | 15 | 27 | 22 | 22 | ||||||||||
U.S. citizens and permanent residents | 34 | 21 | 30 | 73 | 28 | 30 | 29 | 43 | 45 | 32 | ||||||||||
Hispanic or Latino | 1 | 3 | 0 | 8 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Not Hispanic or Latino | 33 | 18 | 30 | 65 | 26 | 29 | 28 | 41 | 41 | 30 | ||||||||||
American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 2 | ||||||||||
Asian | 3 | 1 | 2 | 9 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 2 | ||||||||||
Black or African American | 2 | 2 | 3 | 11 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | ||||||||||
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
White | 22 | 14 | 20 | 32 | 16 | 20 | 21 | 28 | 30 | 23 | ||||||||||
More than one race | 6 | 1 | 2 | 10 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||
Unknown ethnicity and race | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | ||||||||||
Temporary visa holders | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | ||||||||||
Science and engineering | 9 | 21 | 30 | 73 | 31 | 34 | 33 | 42 | 42 | 33 | ||||||||||
Science | 9 | 21 | 30 | 73 | 31 | 34 | 33 | 42 | 42 | 33 | ||||||||||
Agricultural and veterinary sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Biological and biomedical sciences | 9 | 21 | 12 | 73 | 31 | 34 | 33 | 42 | 42 | 33 | ||||||||||
Communication | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Computer and information sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Family and consumer sciences and human sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Mathematics and statistics | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Natural resources and conservation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Physical sciences | 0 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Psychology | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Social sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Mechanical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Other engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Health | 28 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 2 | ||||||||||
Clinical medicine | 28 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 2 | ||||||||||
Other health | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
NOTE:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
- Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).
All races | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male | 8 | 7 | 37 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Female | 15 | 16 | 41 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
U.S. citizens and permanent residents | 19 | 23 | 78 | 24 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Hispanic or Latino | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Not Hispanic or Latino | 17 | 20 | 75 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
American Indian or Alaska Native | 1 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Asian | 0 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Black or African American | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
White | 14 | 12 | 55 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
More than one race | 2 | 2 | 9 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Unknown ethnicity and race | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Temporary visa holders | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Science and engineering | 18 | 23 | 78 | 24 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Science | 18 | 23 | 78 | 24 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Agricultural and veterinary sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Biological and biomedical sciences | 18 | 23 | 23 | 24 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Communication | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Computer and information sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Family and consumer sciences and human sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Mathematics and statistics | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Natural resources and conservation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Physical sciences | 0 | 0 | 55 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Psychology | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Social sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Mechanical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Other engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Health | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Clinical medicine | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Other health | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
NOTE:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
- Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).
Field | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All surveyed fields | 1 | 8 | 9 | 1 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||||||||||
Science and engineering | 1 | 8 | 9 | 1 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||||||||||
Science | 1 | 8 | 9 | 1 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||||||||||
Agricultural and veterinary sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Biological and biomedical sciences | 1 | 8 | 5 | 1 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||||||||||
Communication | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Computer and information sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Family and consumer sciences and human sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Mathematics and statistics | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Natural resources and conservation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Physical sciences | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Psychology | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Social sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Mechanical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Other engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Health | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Clinical medicine | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Other health | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
NOTE:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
- Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).
2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All types and sources of support | 37 | 21 | 30 | 73 | 31 | 34 | 33 | 47 | 47 | 35 | ||||||||||
Fellowships | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Federal | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Institutional | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Nonfederal | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Research assistantships | 2 | 14 | 6 | 1 | 15 | 18 | 16 | 18 | 16 | 15 | ||||||||||
Federal | 1 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||||||||||
Institutional | 1 | 7 | 4 | 1 | 12 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 16 | 14 | ||||||||||
Nonfederal | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Teaching assistantships | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||
Federal | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Institutional | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||
Nonfederal | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Other types of support | 35 | 7 | 24 | 69 | 16 | 16 | 17 | 27 | 29 | 18 | ||||||||||
Federal | 0 | 2 | 7 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Institutional | 5 | 4 | 14 | 21 | 1 | 2 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Nonfederal | 29 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Personal resources | 1 | 1 | 2 | 48 | 11 | 14 | 8 | 27 | 29 | 18 |
NOTE:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
All races | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Science and engineering | 23 | 2 | 1 | 17 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Science | 23 | 2 | 1 | 17 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Agricultural and veterinary sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Biological and biomedical sciences | 21 | 1 | 1 | 17 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Communication | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Computer and information sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Family and consumer sciences and human sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Mathematics and statistics | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Natural resources and conservation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Physical sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Psychology | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Social sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Mechanical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Other engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Health | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Clinical medicine | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Other health | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
NOTE:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
- Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).
Field | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All surveyed fields | 8 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Science and engineering | 6 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Science | 6 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Agricultural and veterinary sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Biological and biomedical sciences | 5 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Communication | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Computer and information sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Family and consumer sciences and human sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Mathematics and statistics | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Natural resources and conservation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Physical sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Psychology | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Social sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Mechanical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Other engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Health | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Clinical medicine | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Other health | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
NOTE:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
- Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).
Field | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All R&D fields | 12,500 | 8,368 | 7,758 | 8,378 | 5,408 | 2,608 | 2,454 | 2,182 | 1,625 | 1,805 | ||||||||||
Science | 12,481 | 8,307 | 7,651 | 8,084 | 5,030 | 2,497 | 2,274 | 1,877 | 1,624 | 1,805 | ||||||||||
Computer and information sciences | 107 | 104 | 99 | 95 | 89 | 0 | 153 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Atmospheric science and meteorology | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Geological and earth sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Ocean sciences and marine sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Life sciences | 9,376 | 7,092 | 6,928 | 7,616 | 4,815 | 2,497 | 1,191 | 1,102 | 1,624 | 1,633 | ||||||||||
Agricultural sciences | 340 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Biological and biomedical sciences | 962 | 1,090 | 531 | 452 | 425 | 0 | 198 | 404 | 347 | 26 | ||||||||||
Health sciences | 8,074 | 6,002 | 6,397 | 7,164 | 4,390 | 2,497 | 993 | 698 | 1,056 | 1,607 | ||||||||||
Natural resources and conservation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Life sciences nec | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 221 | 0 | ||||||||||
Mathematics and statistics | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Physical sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 255 | 204 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Astronomy and astrophysics | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Chemistry | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 172 | 204 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Materials science | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 83 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Physics | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Physical sciences nec | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Psychology | 2,998 | 1,111 | 624 | 373 | 126 | 0 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Social sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 330 | 433 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Anthropology | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Economics | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Political science and government | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 330 | 433 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Sociology, demography, and population studies | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Social sciences nec | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Sciences nec | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 331 | 138 | 0 | 172 | ||||||||||
Engineering | 0 | 0 | 101 | 258 | 309 | 0 | 100 | 47 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||
Bioengineering and biomedical engineering | 0 | 0 | 101 | 180 | 309 | 0 | 0 | 47 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Chemical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 78 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Civil engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Industrial and manufacturing engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Mechanical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Metallurgical and materials engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Engineering nec | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Non-S&E | 19 | 61 | 6 | 36 | 69 | 111 | 80 | 258 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Business management and business administration | 19 | 61 | 6 | 13 | 23 | 0 | 0 | 197 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Communication and communications technologies | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 80 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Education | 0 | 0 | 0 | 23 | 46 | 86 | 0 | 61 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Humanities | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Law | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Social work | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Visual and performing arts | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Non-S&E nec | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 25 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
NOTE:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
- Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.
SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey
Field | All R&D expenditures | Federal government | State and local government | Institution funds | Business | Nonprofit organizations | All other sources | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All R&D fields | 12,500 | 4,773 | 40 | 7,600 | 11 | 76 | 0 | |||||||
Science | 12,481 | 4,773 | 40 | 7,581 | 11 | 76 | 0 | |||||||
Computer and information sciences | 107 | 0 | 0 | 107 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Atmospheric science and meteorology | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Geological and earth sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Ocean sciences and marine sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Life sciences | 9,376 | 2,295 | 40 | 7,005 | 11 | 25 | 0 | |||||||
Agricultural sciences | 340 | 0 | 0 | 334 | 6 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Biological and biomedical sciences | 962 | 465 | 36 | 440 | 0 | 21 | 0 | |||||||
Health sciences | 8,074 | 1,830 | 4 | 6,231 | 5 | 4 | 0 | |||||||
Natural resources and conservation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Life sciences nec | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Mathematics and statistics | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Physical sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Astronomy and astrophysics | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Chemistry | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Materials science | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Physics | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Physical sciences nec | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Psychology | 2,998 | 2,478 | 0 | 469 | 0 | 51 | 0 | |||||||
Social sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Anthropology | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Economics | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Political science and government | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Sociology, demography, and population studies | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Social sciences nec | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Sciences nec | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Bioengineering and biomedical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Chemical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Civil engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Industrial and manufacturing engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Mechanical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Metallurgical and materials engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Engineering nec | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Non-S&E | 19 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Business management and business administration | 19 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Communication and communications technologies | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Education | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Humanities | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Law | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Social work | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Visual and performing arts | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Non-S&E nec | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
NOTE:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
- Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.
SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey
Source of funds | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Federal Agencies | 4,773 | 3,366 | 2,304 | 2,618 | 985 | 1,021 | 1,055 | 748 | 321 | 31 | ||||||||||
DOD | 0 | 85 | 57 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 62 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||
DOE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 179 | 95 | 82 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
HHS | 4,291 | 2,759 | 1,917 | 2,421 | 803 | 727 | 766 | 152 | 245 | 31 | ||||||||||
NASA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
NSF | 18 | 24 | 32 | 46 | 54 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 26 | 0 | ||||||||||
USDA | 285 | 94 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 377 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Other | 179 | 404 | 298 | 151 | 124 | 104 | 130 | 137 | 49 | 0 |
NOTE:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey
Year | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2023 | . | . | . | . | ||||
2022 | . | . | . | . | ||||
2021 | . | . | . | . | ||||
2020 | . | . | . | . | ||||
2019 | 81 | 26 | 55 | . | ||||
2018 | 71 | 26 | 45 | . | ||||
2017 | 54 | 13 | 41 | . |
NOTE:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey
Field, medical school space, and research animal space | 2023 | 2021 | 2019 | 2017 | 2015 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All research space | 62 | 62 | 62 | 56 | 56 | |||||
Agricultural sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Biological and biomedical sciences | 46 | 46 | 46 | 46 | 46 | |||||
Computer and information sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Health sciences | 6 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Mathematics and statistics | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Natural resources and conservation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Physical sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Psychology | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Social sciences | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | |||||
Other | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
NOTE:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
- Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.
NOTE:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
- Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.
Field, medical school space, and research animal space | Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 | Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 | Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 | Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 | Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All research space | 0 | 16,400 | 15,341 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Agricultural sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Biological and biomedical sciences | 0 | 16,400 | 7,393 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Computer and information sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Health sciences | 0 | 0 | 3,974 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Mathematics and statistics | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Natural resources and conservation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Physical sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Psychology | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Social sciences | 0 | 0 | 3,974 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Other | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
NOTE:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
- Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.