William & Mary

Rankings
Data year | Earned doctorates | Full-time graduate students | Total R&D expenditures | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rank | Percentile | Institutions ranked | Rank | Percentile | Institutions ranked | Rank | Percentile | Institutions ranked | Rank | Percentile | Institutions ranked | |
2021 | 203 | 45.7 | 448 | 261 | 38.3 | 691 | 175 | 30.6 | 583 | 179 | 20.4 | 909 |
2020 | 191 | 42.9 | 450 | 274 | 39.8 | 697 | 182 | 20.6 | 915 | |||
2019 | 191 | 43.2 | 447 | 261 | 38 | 696 | 167 | 29 | 589 | 184 | 20.9 | 913 |
2018 | 175 | 41.3 | 428 | 268 | 38.9 | 698 | 176 | 20.1 | 910 | |||
2017 | 177 | 42.1 | 425 | 247 | 36.7 | 684 | 173 | 30.7 | 575 | 177 | 20.4 | 897 |
2016 | 206 | 48.3 | 430 | 258 | 37.6 | 697 | 176 | 20.4 | 895 | |||
2015 | 199 | 47.1 | 426 | 256 | 37.5 | 693 | 149 | 26.8 | 570 | 173 | 20 | 897 |
2014 | 200 | 47.8 | 422 | 248 | 36.6 | 688 | 181 | 21.1 | 887 | |||
2013 | 196 | 47.4 | 417 | 250 | 45.5 | 555 | 143 | 25 | 588 | 187 | 21.8 | 884 |
2012 | 205 | 50.1 | 412 | 240 | 43.7 | 555 | 195 | 22.6 | 892 |
NOTES:
- 1. See TableBuilder for the prior year data.
- 2. Blank white cells indicate data not available, not applicable, or institution not eligible for survey.
- 3. Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.
Data

Fields | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All fields | 51 | 62 | 66 | 76 | 74 | 54 | 61 | 53 | 50 | 47 |
Science and engineering | 35 | 42 | 47 | 48 | 46 | 33 | 35 | 39 | 36 | 23 |
Science | 33 | 38 | 46 | 46 | 46 | 32 | 34 | 39 | 35 | 23 |
Life science | 2 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 2 |
Agricultural sciences | . | . | . | 2 | . | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
Biological sciences | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
Health sciences | 1 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Physical sciences and earth sciences | 14 | 19 | 24 | 27 | 23 | 14 | 16 | 20 | 14 | 12 |
Chemistry | . | . | . | . | 1 | . | . | . | . | 1 |
Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences | 8 | 14 | 10 | 10 | 6 | 4 | 6 | 11 | 5 | 5 |
Physics and astronomy | 6 | 5 | 14 | 17 | 16 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 6 |
Mathematics and computer sciences | 10 | 11 | 14 | 9 | 9 | 12 | 5 | 6 | 8 | 6 |
Computer sciences | 10 | 10 | 12 | 9 | 8 | 12 | 4 | 6 | 7 | 6 |
Mathematics | . | 1 | 2 | . | 1 | . | 1 | . | 1 | . |
Psychology and social sciences | 7 | 5 | 7 | 6 | 11 | 4 | 10 | 11 | 9 | 3 |
Anthropology | . | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 3 | . |
Other social sciences | 7 | 4 | 6 | 3 | 10 | 3 | 9 | 6 | 6 | 3 |
Engineering | 2 | 4 | 1 | 2 | . | 1 | 1 | . | 1 | . |
Materials/metallurgical engineering | . | 4 | 1 | 2 | . | 1 | 1 | . | 1 | . |
Other engineering | 2 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Non-science and engineering | 16 | 20 | 19 | 28 | 28 | 21 | 26 | 14 | 14 | 24 |
Education | 12 | 13 | 13 | 18 | 14 | 15 | 20 | 10 | 9 | 16 |
Education administration | 1 | 4 | 3 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 10 | 3 | 4 | 6 |
Education research | 11 | 9 | 9 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 10 | 7 | 5 | 10 |
Teacher education | . | . | . | . | . | 1 | . | . | . | . |
Other education | . | . | 1 | 1 | . | 1 | . | . | . | . |
Humanities | 4 | 7 | 6 | 10 | 14 | 6 | 6 | 4 | 5 | 8 |
History | 4 | 5 | 4 | 6 | 9 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 8 |
Letters | . | . | 1 | . | 1 | . | . | . | . | . |
Other humanities and arts | . | 2 | 1 | 4 | 4 | . | 1 | 2 | 1 | . |
NOTE:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates
All races | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All full-time students | 394 | 329 | 350 | 345 | 395 | 403 | 405 | 420 | 407 | 425 |
Male | 183 | 152 | 159 | 169 | 210 | 240 | 236 | 232 | 219 | 232 |
Female | 211 | 177 | 191 | 176 | 185 | 163 | 169 | 188 | 188 | 193 |
U.S. citizens and permanent residents | 306 | 249 | 254 | 233 | 271 | 271 | 268 | 289 | 286 | 305 |
Hispanic or Latino | 25 | 12 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 14 | 18 | 14 | 14 | 8 |
Not Hispanic or Latino | 275 | 229 | 232 | 217 | 251 | 250 | 245 | 272 | 266 | 297 |
American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 |
Asian | 21 | 11 | 8 | 6 | 9 | 11 | 9 | 11 | 15 | 12 |
Black or African American | 20 | 11 | 9 | 12 | 14 | 8 | 6 | 8 | 7 | 9 |
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
White | 219 | 190 | 199 | 189 | 217 | 221 | 223 | 248 | 239 | 269 |
More than one race | 15 | 17 | 16 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
Unknown ethnicity and race | 6 | 8 | 12 | 6 | 9 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 6 | 0 |
Temporary visa holders | 88 | 80 | 96 | 112 | 124 | 132 | 137 | 131 | 121 | 120 |
Science and engineering | 394 | 329 | 350 | 345 | 395 | 403 | 405 | 420 | 407 | 425 |
Science | 394 | 329 | 350 | 345 | 395 | 403 | 405 | 420 | 407 | 425 |
Agricultural and veterinary sciences | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Biological and biomedical sciences | 18 | 17 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 16 | 16 | 17 | 17 | 16 |
Communication | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Computer and information sciences | 77 | 71 | 73 | 74 | 93 | 97 | 99 | 99 | 94 | 89 |
Family and consumer sciences and human sciences | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences | 89 | 79 | 80 | 73 | 81 | 80 | 83 | 83 | 82 | 87 |
Mathematics and statistics | 36 | . | . | 0 | 0 | . | . | . | . | . |
Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary studies | 22 | 25 | 23 | 29 | 30 | 27 | 27 | 29 | 31 | 35 |
Natural resources and conservation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | . | . | . | . |
Psychology | 30 | 24 | 30 | 15 | 14 | 17 | 18 | 17 | 17 | 17 |
Physical sciences | 60 | 58 | 58 | 60 | 74 | 82 | 86 | 88 | 78 | 82 |
Social sciences | 62 | 55 | 68 | 76 | 85 | 84 | 76 | 87 | 88 | 99 |
Engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Mechanical engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Other engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Clinical medicine | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Other health | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
NOTE:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
- Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).
All races | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All part-time students | 37 | 37 | 38 | 43 | 48 | 64 | 18 | 23 | 23 | 11 |
Male | 15 | 14 | 13 | 20 | 22 | 28 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 7 |
Female | 22 | 23 | 25 | 23 | 26 | 36 | 7 | 12 | 12 | 4 |
U.S. citizens and permanent residents | 34 | 33 | 36 | 39 | 43 | 56 | 18 | 21 | 23 | 11 |
Hispanic or Latino | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Not Hispanic or Latino | 33 | 30 | 34 | 37 | 40 | 51 | 17 | 21 | 23 | 11 |
American Indian or Alaska Native | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Asian | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
Black or African American | 1 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 |
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
White | 29 | 29 | 31 | 32 | 35 | 43 | 13 | 19 | 19 | 10 |
More than one race | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Unknown ethnicity and race | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Temporary visa holders | 3 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 8 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
Science and engineering | 37 | 37 | 38 | 43 | 48 | 64 | 18 | 23 | 23 | 11 |
Science | 37 | 37 | 38 | 43 | 48 | 64 | 18 | 23 | 23 | 11 |
Agricultural and veterinary sciences | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Biological and biomedical sciences | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Communication | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Computer and information sciences | 4 | 8 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 10 | 8 | 9 | 8 | 7 |
Family and consumer sciences and human sciences | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences | 6 | 4 | 7 | 4 | 9 | 8 | 5 | 6 | 9 | 3 |
Mathematics and statistics | 0 | . | . | 0 | 0 | . | . | . | . | . |
Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary studies | 8 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 4 | 7 | 5 | 0 |
Natural resources and conservation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | . | . | . | . |
Psychology | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Physical sciences | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Social sciences | 15 | 16 | 15 | 18 | 23 | 30 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
Engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Mechanical engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Other engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Clinical medicine | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Other health | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
NOTE:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
- Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).
Field | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All surveyed fields | 83 | 77 | 94 | 103 | 121 | 117 | 116 | 122 | 130 | 122 |
Science and engineering | 83 | 77 | 94 | 103 | 121 | 117 | 116 | 122 | 130 | 122 |
Science | 83 | 77 | 94 | 103 | 121 | 117 | 116 | 122 | 130 | 122 |
Agricultural and veterinary sciences | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Biological and biomedical sciences | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Communication | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Computer and information sciences | 19 | 19 | 24 | 17 | 24 | 24 | 27 | 28 | 43 | 34 |
Family and consumer sciences and human sciences | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences | 30 | 19 | 29 | 39 | 40 | 38 | 38 | 34 | 34 | 43 |
Mathematics and statistics | 0 | . | . | 0 | 0 | . | . | . | . | . |
Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary studies | 2 | 6 | 9 | 14 | 12 | 12 | 7 | 10 | 13 | 16 |
Natural resources and conservation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | . | . | . | . |
Psychology | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Physical sciences | 28 | 29 | 26 | 30 | 42 | 39 | 42 | 48 | 39 | 29 |
Social sciences | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Mechanical engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Other engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Health | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Clinical medicine | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Other health | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
NOTE:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
- Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).
Type and primary source of support | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All types and sources of support | 394 | 329 | 350 | 345 | 395 | 403 | 405 | 420 | 407 | 425 |
Fellowships | 33 | 30 | 28 | 28 | 43 | 34 | 2 | 1 | 15 | 8 |
Federal | 2 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 13 | 6 |
Institutional | 31 | 27 | 27 | 28 | 41 | 28 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Nonfederal | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
Research assistantships | 189 | 157 | 177 | 181 | 176 | 213 | 209 | 209 | 220 | 218 |
Federal | 79 | 73 | 89 | 98 | 117 | 107 | 113 | 114 | 109 | 110 |
Institutional | 87 | 73 | 79 | 74 | 56 | 93 | 76 | 79 | 92 | 93 |
Nonfederal | 23 | 11 | 9 | 9 | 3 | 13 | 20 | 16 | 19 | 15 |
Teaching assistantships | 121 | 103 | 108 | 103 | 131 | 114 | 145 | 141 | 122 | 130 |
Federal | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Institutional | 120 | 103 | 107 | 101 | 130 | 114 | 145 | 141 | 122 | 130 |
Nonfederal | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Other types of support | 51 | 39 | 37 | 33 | 45 | 42 | 49 | 69 | 50 | 69 |
Federal | 2 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 7 | 8 | 6 |
Institutional | 4 | 13 | 8 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 6 | 1 | 6 |
Nonfederal | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 2 | 1 |
Personal resources | 43 | 25 | 25 | 30 | 40 | 33 | 48 | 50 | 39 | 56 |
NOTE:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
All races | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Science and engineering | 26 | 24 | 24 | 23 | 20 | 27 | 25 | 20 | 24 | 24 |
Science | 26 | 24 | 24 | 23 | 20 | 27 | 25 | 20 | 24 | 24 |
Agricultural and veterinary sciences | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Biological and biomedical sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 4 |
Communication | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Computer and information sciences | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Family and consumer sciences and human sciences | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences | 12 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 7 | 12 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 8 |
Mathematics and statistics | 0 | . | . | 1 | 1 | . | . | . | . | . |
Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary studies | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 3 |
Natural resources and conservation | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | . | . | . | . | . |
Psychology | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Physical sciences | 10 | 8 | 8 | 6 | 7 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 12 | 9 |
Social sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Mechanical engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Other engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Clinical medicine | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Other health | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
NOTE:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
- Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).
Field | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All surveyed fields | 23 | 20 | 20 | 15 | 15 | 18 | 18 | 15 | 20 | 17 |
Science and engineering | 23 | 20 | 20 | 15 | 15 | 18 | 18 | 15 | 20 | 17 |
Science | 23 | 20 | 20 | 15 | 15 | 18 | 18 | 15 | 20 | 17 |
Agricultural and veterinary sciences | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Biological and biomedical sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
Communication | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Computer and information sciences | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Family and consumer sciences and human sciences | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences | 11 | 10 | 9 | 6 | 5 | 7 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 8 |
Mathematics and statistics | 0 | . | . | 0 | 0 | . | . | . | . | . |
Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary studies | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
Natural resources and conservation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | . | . | . | . | . |
Psychology | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Physical sciences | 11 | 9 | 9 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 11 | 8 |
Social sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Mechanical engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Other engineering | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Health | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Clinical medicine | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
Other health | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . |
NOTE:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
- Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).
Field | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All R&D fields | 68,801 | 66,763 | 64,835 | 65,269 | 64,127 | 63,027 | 61,554 | 59,015 | 57,940 | 55,805 | ||||||||||
Science | 58,063 | 55,857 | 55,687 | 54,378 | 54,197 | 54,491 | 52,642 | 49,428 | 48,183 | 46,547 | ||||||||||
Computer and information sciences | 2,575 | 2,917 | 2,914 | 2,133 | 2,021 | 2,485 | 1,741 | 2,209 | 2,097 | 1,355 | ||||||||||
Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences | 34,838 | 33,084 | 32,425 | 33,109 | 34,067 | 33,396 | 30,659 | 28,281 | 28,617 | 28,037 | ||||||||||
Atmospheric science and meteorology | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Geological and earth sciences | 303 | 924 | 539 | 363 | 347 | 237 | 90 | 556 | 82 | 278 | ||||||||||
Ocean sciences and marine sciences | 34,535 | 32,160 | 31,886 | 32,746 | 33,720 | 33,159 | 30,312 | 26,197 | 28,217 | 27,299 | ||||||||||
Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences, not elsewhere classified | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 257 | 1,528 | 318 | 460 | ||||||||||
Life sciences | 2,669 | 2,694 | 2,775 | 3,463 | 2,365 | 2,417 | 3,257 | 2,933 | 4,375 | 3,899 | ||||||||||
Agricultural sciences | 827 | 453 | 778 | 491 | 360 | 0 | 790 | 694 | 516 | 914 | ||||||||||
Biological and biomedical sciences | 1,823 | 2,241 | 1,997 | 2,113 | 1,941 | 1,672 | 2,467 | 2,239 | 3,859 | 2,985 | ||||||||||
Health sciences | 19 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Natural resources and conservation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 847 | 64 | 745 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Life sciences, not elsewhere classified | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Mathematics and statistics | 371 | 438 | 601 | 324 | 232 | 339 | 431 | 475 | 680 | 781 | ||||||||||
Physical sciences | 5,985 | 5,781 | 6,554 | 5,219 | 5,565 | 6,249 | 6,770 | 7,849 | 7,488 | 8,819 | ||||||||||
Astronomy and astrophysics | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Chemistry | 494 | 501 | 766 | 699 | 462 | 583 | 235 | 763 | 205 | 792 | ||||||||||
Materials science | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Physics | 5,491 | 5,280 | 5,788 | 4,520 | 4,933 | 5,666 | 6,535 | 4,909 | 7,283 | 8,027 | ||||||||||
Physical sciences, not elsewhere classified | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 170 | 0 | 0 | 2,177 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Psychology | 367 | 320 | 191 | 211 | 270 | 260 | 276 | 668 | 881 | 666 | ||||||||||
Social sciences | 9,878 | 10,623 | 10,227 | 9,532 | 8,290 | 9,345 | 9,508 | 7,013 | 4,045 | 2,990 | ||||||||||
Anthropology | 995 | 995 | 936 | 421 | 9 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Economics | 6 | 1 | 0 | 23 | 18 | 175 | 26 | 122 | 4 | 22 | ||||||||||
Political science and government | 7,983 | 3,780 | 4,051 | 2,851 | 70 | 831 | 7,882 | 6,737 | 2,119 | 1,616 | ||||||||||
Sociology, demography, and population studies | 312 | 112 | 0 | 18 | 15 | 1,677 | 28 | 33 | 119 | 369 | ||||||||||
Social sciences, not elsewhere classified | 582 | 5,735 | 5,240 | 6,219 | 8,178 | 6,642 | 1,572 | 121 | 1,803 | 983 | ||||||||||
Sciences, not elsewhere classified | 1,380 | 0 | 0 | 387 | 1,387 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 130 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Bioengineering and biomedical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Chemical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Civil engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Industrial and manufacturing engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Mechanical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Metallurgical and materials engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Engineering not elsewhere classified | 0 | 0 | 0 | 130 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Non-S&E | 10,738 | 10,906 | 9,148 | 10,761 | 9,930 | 8,536 | 8,912 | 9,587 | 9,757 | 9,258 | ||||||||||
Business management and business administration | 1,587 | 1,031 | 607 | 322 | 32 | 309 | 84 | 120 | 231 | 187 | ||||||||||
Communication and communications technologies | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Education | 6,993 | 6,609 | 5,901 | 7,338 | 6,542 | 6,834 | 6,703 | 7,690 | 8,833 | 8,518 | ||||||||||
Humanities | 904 | 1,440 | 1,545 | 1,020 | 1,481 | 1,129 | 1,308 | 1,307 | 391 | 434 | ||||||||||
Law | 994 | 725 | 876 | 707 | 279 | 250 | 577 | 269 | 53 | 112 | ||||||||||
Social work | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Visual and performing arts | 93 | 120 | 41 | 61 | 51 | 14 | 0 | 62 | 0 | 7 | ||||||||||
Non-S&E, not elsewhere classified | 167 | 981 | 178 | 1,313 | 1,545 | 0 | 240 | 139 | 249 | 0 |
NOTE:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
- Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.
SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey
Field | All R&D expenditures | Federal government | State and local government | Institution funds | Business | Nonprofit organizations | All other sources | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All R&D fields | 68,801 | 29,928 | 3,895 | 28,188 | 543 | 4,453 | 1,794 | |||||||
Science | 58,063 | 24,533 | 3,495 | 24,776 | 456 | 3,316 | 1,487 | |||||||
Computer and information sciences | 2,575 | 1,670 | 140 | 494 | 59 | 134 | 78 | |||||||
Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences | 34,838 | 12,138 | 2,332 | 19,662 | 207 | 341 | 158 | |||||||
Atmospheric science and meteorology | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Geological and earth sciences | 303 | 216 | 5 | 58 | 0 | 6 | 18 | |||||||
Ocean sciences and marine sciences | 34,535 | 11,922 | 2,327 | 19,604 | 207 | 335 | 140 | |||||||
Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences, not elsewhere classified | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Life sciences | 2,669 | 1,635 | 44 | 666 | 80 | 207 | 37 | |||||||
Agricultural sciences | 827 | 403 | 44 | 321 | 29 | 30 | 0 | |||||||
Biological and biomedical sciences | 1,823 | 1,232 | 0 | 326 | 51 | 177 | 37 | |||||||
Health sciences | 19 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Natural resources and conservation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Life sciences, not elsewhere classified | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Mathematics and statistics | 371 | 329 | 0 | 39 | 0 | 3 | 0 | |||||||
Physical sciences | 5,985 | 4,140 | 182 | 959 | 56 | 571 | 77 | |||||||
Astronomy and astrophysics | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Chemistry | 494 | 366 | 0 | 46 | 0 | 70 | 12 | |||||||
Materials science | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Physics | 5,491 | 3,774 | 182 | 913 | 56 | 501 | 65 | |||||||
Physical sciences, not elsewhere classified | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Psychology | 367 | 255 | 0 | 80 | 0 | 29 | 3 | |||||||
Social sciences | 9,878 | 4,366 | 797 | 2,198 | 54 | 2,031 | 432 | |||||||
Anthropology | 995 | 120 | 403 | 372 | 40 | 60 | 0 | |||||||
Economics | 6 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |||||||
Political science and government | 7,983 | 4,125 | 0 | 1,527 | 8 | 1,910 | 413 | |||||||
Sociology, demography, and population studies | 312 | 0 | 0 | 294 | 0 | 0 | 18 | |||||||
Social sciences, not elsewhere classified | 582 | 121 | 394 | 0 | 6 | 61 | 0 | |||||||
Sciences, not elsewhere classified | 1,380 | 0 | 0 | 678 | 0 | 0 | 702 | |||||||
Engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Bioengineering and biomedical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Chemical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Civil engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Industrial and manufacturing engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Mechanical engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Metallurgical and materials engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Engineering not elsewhere classified | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Non-S&E | 10,738 | 5,395 | 400 | 3,412 | 87 | 1,137 | 307 | |||||||
Business management and business administration | 1,587 | 334 | 0 | 1,136 | 0 | 117 | 0 | |||||||
Communication and communications technologies | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Education | 6,993 | 4,646 | 172 | 1,170 | 0 | 805 | 200 | |||||||
Humanities | 904 | 21 | 0 | 752 | 0 | 48 | 83 | |||||||
Law | 994 | 291 | 157 | 268 | 87 | 167 | 24 | |||||||
Social work | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Visual and performing arts | 93 | 0 | 7 | 86 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Non-S&E, not elsewhere classified | 167 | 103 | 64 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
NOTE:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
- Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.
SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey
Source of funds | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Federal Agencies | 29,928 | 30,436 | 31,983 | 33,503 | 32,760 | 34,133 | 33,129 | 33,320 | 31,628 | 32,526 | ||||||||||
DOD | 1,729 | 2,057 | 1,856 | 1,755 | 2,184 | 3,315 | 2,872 | 2,677 | 2,702 | 3,664 | ||||||||||
DOE | 2,534 | 2,091 | 1,922 | 2,079 | 1,448 | 1,987 | 1,580 | 2,207 | 2,196 | 2,443 | ||||||||||
HHS | 1,569 | 1,787 | 1,890 | 1,983 | 2,048 | 1,596 | 1,189 | 1,571 | 1,882 | 2,128 | ||||||||||
NASA | 285 | 436 | 462 | 544 | 514 | 564 | 790 | 1,222 | 1,085 | 1,152 | ||||||||||
NSF | 6,095 | 7,153 | 7,382 | 7,347 | 6,900 | 7,809 | 7,725 | 7,835 | 8,137 | 7,685 | ||||||||||
USDA | 253 | 155 | 348 | 343 | 250 | 247 | 142 | 102 | 200 | 70 | ||||||||||
Other | 17,463 | 16,757 | 18,123 | 19,452 | 19,416 | 18,615 | 18,831 | 17,706 | 15,426 | 15,384 |
NOTE:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey
Year | All personnel | Principal investigators | Other personnel | Postdocs | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2021 | . | . | . | . | |||
2020 | . | . | . | . | |||
2019 | 1,377 | 251 | 1,126 | . | |||
2018 | 1,035 | 221 | 814 | . | |||
2017 | 1,128 | 201 | 927 | . | |||
2016 | 1,167 | 248 | 919 | . | |||
2015 | 1,189 | 344 | 845 | 36 |
NOTE:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey
Field | 2021 | 2019 | 2017 | 2015 | 2013 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
All research space | 668 | 692 | 765 | 868 | 651 |
Agricultural sciences | 0 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 121 |
Biological and biomedical sciences | 311 | 298 | 310 | 324 | 226 |
Computer and information sciences | 8 | 9 | 8 | 15 | 14 |
Engineering | 3 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 0 |
Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences | 167 | 168 | 167 | 174 | 32 |
Health sciences | 62 | 62 | 62 | 78 | 19 |
Mathematics and statistics | 6 | 6 | 6 | 13 | 13 |
Natural resources and conservation | 8 | 11 | 35 | 36 | . |
Physical sciences | 50 | 59 | 95 | 140 | 139 |
Psychology | 13 | 11 | 31 | 33 | 39 |
Social sciences | 25 | 30 | 29 | 50 | 48 |
Other | 15 | 31 | 14 | 0 | 0 |
NOTE:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
- Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.
Field | Planned to start in FY 2022 or FY 2023 | Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 | Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 | Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017 | Started in FY 2014 or FY 2015 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
All research space | 57,061 | 14,363 | . | 2,962 | 22,735 |
Biological and biomedical sciences | . | . | . | . | 8,059 |
Computer and information sciences | 4,886 | . | . | . | 2,005 |
Engineering | 4,571 | . | . | . | 631 |
Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences | 39,986 | 14,363 | . | 712 | . |
Health sciences | 4,873 | . | . | . | . |
Mathematics and statistics | 2,745 | . | . | . | . |
Natural resources and conservation | . | . | . | 2,250 | . |
Physical sciences | . | . | . | . | 6,664 |
Psychology | . | . | . | . | 5,376 |
NOTE:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
- Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.
Field | Planned to start in FY 2022 or FY 2023 | Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 | Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 | Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017 | Started in FY 2014 or FY 2015 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
All research space | 1,400 | 1,590 | 2,214 | 996 | 7,709 |
Agricultural sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Biological and biomedical sciences | 0 | 886 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Computer and information sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Engineering | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences | 0 | 704 | 1,369 | 996 | 759 |
Health sciences | 1,400 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Mathematics and statistics | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Natural resources and conservation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Physical sciences | 0 | 0 | 845 | 0 | 0 |
Psychology | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Social sciences | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6,950 |
Other | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
NOTE:
- . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
- Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.