William & Mary

Rankings

Data year Earned doctorates Full-time graduate students Total R&D expenditures
Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked
2023 205 55.9 459 277 59.7 679 170 72.2 602 188 79.7 914
2022 196 57.7 457 270 60.8 680 180 80.3 900
2021 203 55.2 447 261 62.7 691 175 70.4 583 179 80.6 908
2020 191 58.1 450 274 61.2 698 182 80.4 916
2019 191 57.8 447 261 63 697 167 72 589 184 80.2 914
2018 175 59.7 428 268 62.2 700 176 81 911
2017 177 58.9 425 247 64.3 684 173 70.3 575 177 80.6 898
2016 206 52.7 430 258 63.4 697 176 80.6 896
2015 199 53.9 426 256 63.5 693 149 74.2 570 173 81 898
2014 200 53.2 422 248 64.4 688 181 79.9 889
NOTES:
  • 1. See TableBuilder for the prior year data.
  • 2. Blank white cells indicate data not available, not applicable, or institution not eligible for survey.
  • 3. Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

Data

Number of earned doctorates, by trend major field of study of recipients: 2023–14
Fields 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All fields 54 66 51 62 66 76 74 54 61 53
  Science and engineering 33 40 35 42 47 48 46 33 35 39
    Agricultural sciences and natural resources . 3 . . . 2 . 1 1 1
      Agricultural sciences . . . . . . . 1 . .
      Natural resources and conservation . 3 . . . 2 . . 1 1
    Biological and biomedical sciences 6 2 1 3 1 2 3 1 2 1
      Biology and biomedical sciences, general 2 . . . . . . 1 . .
      Bioinformatics, biostatistics, and computational biology . . . 3 . . . . 1 .
      Ecology, evolutionary biology, and epidemiology 1 . 1 . 1 . . . . 1
      Microbiology and immunology . . . . . . . . 1 .
      Molecular biology 1 . . . . . . . . .
      Neurobiology and neurosciences 2 2 . . . 2 3 . . .
    Computer and information sciences 7 6 10 10 12 9 8 12 4 6
      Computer science 6 5 9 10 12 8 8 12 4 6
      Computer and information sciences, other 1 1 1 . . 1 . . . .
    Engineering 4 2 2 4 1 2 . 1 1 .
      Electrical and computer engineering 1 2 2 . . . . . . .
      Materials and mining engineering 3 . . 4 1 2 . 1 1 .
    Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 8 10 8 14 10 10 6 4 6 11
      Geological sciences . . . . . . . . . .
      Ocean, marine, and atmospheric sciences 8 10 8 14 10 10 6 4 6 11
    Health sciences . . 1 . . . . . . .
      Health sciences, other . . 1 . . . . . . .
    Mathematics and statistics 1 . . 1 2 . 1 . 1 .
      Applied mathematics . . . 1 1 . 1 . 1 .
      Statistics 1 . . . . . . . . .
      Mathematics and statistics, other . . . . 1 . . . . .
    Physical sciences 7 11 6 5 14 17 17 10 10 9
      Chemistry . . . . . . 1 . . .
      Physics 7 11 6 5 14 17 16 10 10 9
    Social sciences . 6 7 5 7 6 11 4 10 11
      Anthropology . 1 . 1 1 3 1 1 1 5
      Social sciences, other . 5 7 4 6 3 10 3 9 6
  Non-science and engineering 21 26 16 20 19 28 28 21 26 14
    Education 15 16 12 13 13 18 14 15 20 10
      Education leadership and administration 8 5 1 4 3 6 2 1 10 3
      Education research 7 10 11 9 9 11 12 12 10 7
      Teacher education and teaching fields . . . . . . . 1 . .
      Education, other . 1 . . 1 1 . 1 . .
    Humanities and arts 6 10 4 7 6 10 14 6 6 4
      Letters . 1 . . 1 . 1 . . .
      History 4 9 4 5 4 6 9 6 5 2
      Humanities and arts, other 2 . . 2 1 4 4 . 1 2

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2023–14
All races 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
    Male 203 192 183 152 159 169 210 240 236 232
    Female 210 210 211 177 191 176 185 163 169 188
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents 304 310 306 249 254 233 271 271 268 289
    Hispanic or Latino 28 29 25 12 10 10 11 14 18 14
    Not Hispanic or Latino 269 277 275 229 232 217 251 250 245 272
      American Indian or Alaska Native 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 2
      Asian 11 16 21 11 8 6 9 11 9 11
      Black or African American 24 16 20 11 9 12 14 8 6 8
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
      White 218 233 219 190 199 189 217 221 223 248
      More than one race 16 12 15 17 16 10 10 9 4 2
    Unknown ethnicity and race 7 4 6 8 12 6 9 7 5 3
  Temporary visa holders 109 92 88 80 96 112 124 132 137 131
  Science and engineering 413 402 394 329 350 345 395 403 405 420
    Science 413 402 394 329 350 345 395 403 405 420
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 17 17 18 17 18 18 18 16 16 17
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 98 81 77 71 73 74 93 97 99 99
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 85 90 89 79 80 73 81 80 83 83
      Mathematics and statistics 29 38 36 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 21 15 22 25 23 29 30 27 27 29
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 58 63 60 58 58 60 74 82 86 88
      Psychology 29 27 30 24 30 15 14 17 18 17
      Social sciences 76 71 62 55 68 76 85 84 76 87
    Engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Clinical medicine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Other health 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Part-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2023–14
All races 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
    Male 22 6 15 14 13 20 22 28 11 11
    Female 32 9 22 23 25 23 26 36 7 12
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents 53 15 34 33 36 39 43 56 18 21
    Hispanic or Latino 6 0 1 3 1 2 2 4 1 0
    Not Hispanic or Latino 45 15 33 30 34 37 40 51 17 21
      American Indian or Alaska Native 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Asian 4 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1
      Black or African American 5 1 1 1 2 5 4 5 2 1
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      White 34 13 29 29 31 32 35 43 13 19
      More than one race 2 0 1 0 0 0 1 2 1 0
    Unknown ethnicity and race 2 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
  Temporary visa holders 1 0 3 4 2 4 5 8 0 2
  Science and engineering 54 15 37 37 38 43 48 64 18 23
    Science 54 15 37 37 38 43 48 64 18 23
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 1 0 1 0 1 3 0 1 0 0
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 5 4 4 8 6 7 7 10 8 9
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 2 2 6 4 7 4 9 8 5 6
      Mathematics and statistics 42 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 5 8 6 6 6 6 7 4 7
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 1 1 3 3 2 3 2 5 0 0
      Psychology 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 3 0 0
      Social sciences 3 3 15 16 15 18 23 30 1 1
    Engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Clinical medicine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Other health 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health receiving primary support from federal sources, by field: 2023–14
Field 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013
All surveyed fields 100 104 83 77 94 103 121 117 116 122 0
  Science and engineering 100 104 83 77 94 103 121 117 116 122 0
    Science 100 104 83 77 94 103 121 117 116 122 0
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 0 0 0 0 3 1 1 0 0 0 0
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 29 20 19 19 24 17 24 24 27 28 0
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 34 43 30 19 29 39 40 38 38 34 0
      Mathematics and statistics 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 6 2 2 6 9 14 12 12 7 10 0
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 30 36 28 29 26 30 42 39 42 48 0
      Psychology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
      Social sciences 1 3 4 4 3 2 2 3 2 2 0
    Engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Health 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Clinical medicine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Other health 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by type and primary source of support: 2023–14
2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All types and sources of support 413 402 394 329 350 345 395 403 405 420
  Fellowships 30 30 33 30 28 28 43 34 2 1
    Federal 4 4 2 3 1 0 2 6 2 1
    Institutional 25 26 31 27 27 28 41 28 0 0
    Nonfederal 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  Research assistantships 176 170 189 157 177 181 176 213 209 209
    Federal 95 98 79 73 89 98 117 107 113 114
    Institutional 78 69 87 73 79 74 56 93 76 79
    Nonfederal 3 3 23 11 9 9 3 13 20 16
  Teaching assistantships 132 120 121 103 108 103 131 114 145 141
    Federal 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0
    Institutional 132 120 120 103 107 101 130 114 145 141
    Nonfederal 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
  Other types of support 75 82 51 39 37 33 45 42 49 69
    Federal 1 2 2 1 3 3 2 4 1 7
    Institutional 1 5 4 13 8 0 1 3 0 6
    Nonfederal 0 1 2 0 1 0 2 2 0 6
    Personal resources 73 74 43 25 25 30 40 33 48 50

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Postdoctorates in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2023–14
All races 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
  Science and engineering 26 22 26 24 24 23 20 27 25 20
    Science 26 22 26 24 24 23 20 27 25 20
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 3
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 0
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 8 10 12 12 12 11 7 12 10 8
      Mathematics and statistics 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 2 1 1 1 0 1 2 3 2 0
      Natural resources and conservation 1 0 2 2 2 2 2 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 10 9 10 8 8 6 7 9 9 9
      Psychology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Social sciences 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Clinical medicine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Other health 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Federally supported science, engineering, and health postdoctorates, by field: 2023–14
Field 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All surveyed fields 22 18 23 20 20 15 15 18 18 15
  Science and engineering 22 18 23 20 20 15 15 18 18 15
    Science 22 18 23 20 20 15 15 18 18 15
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 0
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 7 7 11 10 9 6 5 7 5 5
      Mathematics and statistics 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 2 0 0 0 0 1 2 2 2 0
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 12 10 11 9 9 6 7 7 8 8
      Psychology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Social sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Health 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Clinical medicine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Other health 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Total R&D expenditures, by field: 2023–14
(Dollars in thousands)
Field 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
  All R&D fields 81,815 75,953 68,801 66,763 64,835 65,269 64,127 63,027 61,554 59,015
    Science 71,623 64,142 58,063 55,857 55,687 54,378 54,197 54,491 52,642 49,428
      Computer and information sciences 3,779 2,873 2,575 2,917 2,914 2,133 2,021 2,485 1,741 2,209
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 43,485 38,810 34,838 33,084 32,425 33,109 34,067 33,396 30,659 28,281
        Atmospheric science and meteorology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Geological and earth sciences 855 404 303 924 539 363 347 237 90 556
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences 42,630 38,406 34,535 32,160 31,886 32,746 33,720 33,159 30,312 26,197
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 257 1,528
      Life sciences 4,618 3,112 2,669 2,694 2,775 3,463 2,365 2,417 3,257 2,933
        Agricultural sciences 0 0 827 453 778 491 360 0 790 694
        Biological and biomedical sciences 2,035 2,449 1,823 2,241 1,997 2,113 1,941 1,672 2,467 2,239
        Health sciences 0 35 19 0 0 12 0 0 0 0
        Natural resources and conservation 2,583 626 0 0 0 847 64 745 0 0
        Life sciences nec 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mathematics and statistics 382 395 371 438 601 324 232 339 431 475
      Physical sciences 7,096 6,411 5,985 5,781 6,554 5,219 5,565 6,249 6,770 7,849
        Astronomy and astrophysics 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Chemistry 801 990 494 501 766 699 462 583 235 763
        Materials science 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Physics 6,219 5,421 5,491 5,280 5,788 4,520 4,933 5,666 6,535 4,909
        Physical sciences nec 76 0 0 0 0 0 170 0 0 2,177
      Psychology 202 351 367 320 191 211 270 260 276 668
      Social sciences 11,684 10,114 9,878 10,623 10,227 9,532 8,290 9,345 9,508 7,013
        Anthropology 195 1,037 995 995 936 421 9 20 0 0
        Economics 24 13 6 1 0 23 18 175 26 122
        Political science and government 10,367 8,401 7,983 3,780 4,051 2,851 70 831 7,882 6,737
        Sociology, demography, and population studies 261 394 312 112 0 18 15 1,677 28 33
        Social sciences nec 837 269 582 5,735 5,240 6,219 8,178 6,642 1,572 121
      Sciences nec 377 2,076 1,380 0 0 387 1,387 0 0 0
    Engineering 0 0 0 0 0 130 0 0 0 0
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Civil engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Metallurgical and materials engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Engineering nec 0 0 0 0 0 130 0 0 0 0
    Non-S&E 10,192 11,811 10,738 10,906 9,148 10,761 9,930 8,536 8,912 9,587
      Business management and business administration 830 1,540 1,587 1,031 607 322 32 309 84 120
      Communication and communications technologies 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Education 5,354 7,023 6,993 6,609 5,901 7,338 6,542 6,834 6,703 7,690
      Humanities 1,578 1,247 904 1,440 1,545 1,020 1,481 1,129 1,308 1,307
      Law 1,641 1,928 994 725 876 707 279 250 577 269
      Social work 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Visual and performing arts 44 40 93 120 41 61 51 14 0 62
      Non-S&E nec 745 33 167 981 178 1,313 1,545 0 240 139

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Total R&D expenditures, by source of funds and R&D field: 2023
(Dollars in thousands)
Field All R&D expenditures Federal government State and local government Institution funds Business Nonprofit organizations All other sources
  All R&D fields 81,815 32,631 3,882 35,413 1,174 5,385 3,330
    Science 71,623 29,561 2,921 31,070 980 4,702 2,389
      Computer and information sciences 3,779 2,535 356 617 130 69 72
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 43,485 16,880 2,129 23,827 231 331 87
        Atmospheric science and meteorology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Geological and earth sciences 855 440 0 415 0 0 0
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences 42,630 16,440 2,129 23,412 231 331 87
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Life sciences 4,618 2,121 8 997 247 164 1,081
        Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Biological and biomedical sciences 2,035 1,584 0 211 62 144 34
        Health sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Natural resources and conservation 2,583 537 8 786 185 20 1,047
        Life sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mathematics and statistics 382 275 0 66 0 41 0
      Physical sciences 7,096 5,641 78 1,066 80 194 37
        Astronomy and astrophysics 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Chemistry 801 561 5 90 27 87 31
        Materials science 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Physics 6,219 5,080 73 900 53 107 6
        Physical sciences nec 76 0 0 76 0 0 0
      Psychology 202 112 0 53 0 37 0
      Social sciences 11,684 1,997 350 4,102 292 3,866 1,077
        Anthropology 195 20 0 164 0 0 11
        Economics 24 0 0 18 0 0 6
        Political science and government 10,367 1,819 0 3,598 101 3,789 1,060
        Sociology, demography, and population studies 261 134 34 16 0 77 0
        Social sciences nec 837 24 316 306 191 0 0
      Sciences nec 377 0 0 342 0 0 35
    Engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Civil engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Metallurgical and materials engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Engineering nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Non-S&E 10,192 3,070 961 4,343 194 683 941
      Business management and business administration 830 216 42 397 110 65 0
      Communication and communications technologies 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Education 5,354 2,347 330 2,519 0 125 33
      Humanities 1,578 20 0 1,048 0 46 464
      Law 1,641 450 270 345 84 49 443
      Social work 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Visual and performing arts 44 10 0 33 0 0 1
      Non-S&E nec 745 27 319 1 0 398 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Federally funded R&D expenditures, by federal agency: 2023–14
(Dollars in thousands)
Source of funds 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
Federal Agencies 32,631 33,730 29,928 30,436 31,983 33,503 32,760 34,133 33,129 33,320
  DOD 2,485 2,376 1,729 2,057 1,856 1,755 2,184 3,315 2,872 2,677
  DOE 3,284 2,419 2,534 2,091 1,922 2,079 1,448 1,987 1,580 2,207
  HHS 1,800 1,420 1,569 1,787 1,890 1,983 2,048 1,596 1,189 1,571
  NASA 119 222 285 436 462 544 514 564 790 1,222
  NSF 8,199 7,968 6,095 7,153 7,382 7,347 6,900 7,809 7,725 7,835
  USDA 278 201 253 155 348 343 250 247 142 102
  Other 16,466 19,124 17,463 16,757 18,123 19,452 19,416 18,615 18,831 17,706

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Headcount of R&D personnel: 2023–17 [temporarily discontinued]
Year
2023 . . . .
2022 . . . .
2021 . . . .
2020 . . . .
2019 1,377 251 1,126 .
2018 1,035 221 814 .
2017 1,128 201 927 .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field: 2023–14
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space 2023 2021 2019 2017 2015
  All research space 693 668 692 765 868
    Agricultural sciences 0 0 3 4 4
    Biological and biomedical sciences 313 311 298 310 324
    Computer and information sciences 7 8 9 8 15
    Engineering 3 3 3 4 2
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 189 167 168 167 174
    Health sciences 63 62 62 62 78
    Mathematics and statistics 6 6 6 6 13
    Natural resources and conservation 8 8 11 35 36
    Physical sciences 46 50 59 95 140
    Psychology 16 13 11 31 33
    Social sciences 24 25 30 29 50
    Other 18 15 31 14 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

New construction of science and engineering research space, by field and time of construction: 2025–16
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space . 56,486 14,363 . 2,962 0
    Computer and information sciences . 4,996 0 . 0 0
    Engineering . 4,622 0 . 0 0
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences . 39,986 14,363 . 712 0
    Health sciences . 4,103 0 . 0 0
    Mathematics and statistics . 2,779 0 . 0 0
    Natural resources and conservation . . 0 . 2,250 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

Costs for repair and renovation of science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field and time of repair and renovation: 2025–16
(Dollars in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space 1,100 1,000 1,590 2,214 996
    Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Biological and biomedical sciences 0 0 886 0 0
    Computer and information sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Engineering 0 0 0 0 0
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 0 1,000 704 1,369 996
    Health sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Mathematics and statistics 0 0 0 0 0
    Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0
    Physical sciences 1,100 0 0 845 0
    Psychology 0 0 0 0 0
    Social sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Other 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

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