Cornell U.

Rankings

Data year Earned doctorates Full-time graduate students Total R&D expenditures Research space
Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked
2024 20 95.9 459 15 97.8 631 10 99 925
2023 21 95.7 459 16 97.8 679 13 98.7 911 28 95.6 602
2022 28 94.1 457 17 97.7 680 14 98.6 900
2021 25 94.7 447 14 98.1 691 14 98.6 908 26 95.8 583
2020 23 95.2 450 13 98.3 698 12 98.8 916
2019 21 95.6 447 10 98.7 697 13 98.7 914 25 96 589
2018 21 95.4 428 13 98.3 700 13 98.7 911
2017 25 94.4 425 14 98.1 684 13 98.7 898 23 96.2 575
2016 25 94.5 430 13 98.3 697 13 98.7 896
2015 25 94.4 426 14 98.1 693 12 98.8 898 18 97 570
NOTES:
  • 1. See TableBuilder for the prior year data.
  • 2. Blank white cells indicate data not available, not applicable, or institution not eligible for survey.
  • 3. Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

Data

Number of earned doctorates, by trend major field of study of recipients: 2024–15
Fields 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All fields 598 549 509 472 514 527 539 496 492 481
  Science and engineering 519 475 444 414 443 448 459 427 412 414
    Agricultural sciences and natural resources 50 57 37 44 46 46 47 43 31 37
      Agricultural sciences 44 50 36 39 39 39 40 34 23 30
      Natural resources and conservation 6 7 1 5 7 7 7 9 8 7
    Biological and biomedical sciences 107 95 87 76 93 78 83 89 81 72
      Biochemistry and biophysics 17 14 10 8 9 19 11 9 12 5
      Biology and biomedical sciences, general 14 17 8 7 5 9 4 4 3 2
      Bioinformatics, biostatistics, and computational biology 5 6 4 6 6 . 2 9 4 5
      Cellular and developmental biology, and anatomy 5 2 3 1 . 1 4 1 . 5
      Ecology, evolutionary biology, and epidemiology 8 16 8 7 15 10 6 11 14 11
      Genetics and genomics 11 8 10 6 12 5 4 6 8 5
      Microbiology and immunology 15 8 16 7 11 9 9 5 7 8
      Molecular biology 6 6 7 3 7 2 6 10 2 1
      Neurobiology and neurosciences 3 3 3 7 1 2 4 1 5 2
      Pharmacology and toxicology 1 . . . . 2 3 3 3 3
      Physiology, pathology, and cancer biology 2 . 1 1 . . 1 . 1 2
      Biology and biomedical sciences, other 20 15 17 23 27 19 29 30 22 23
    Computer and information sciences 54 34 34 32 29 18 29 27 26 15
      Computer science 35 23 28 25 20 16 19 25 22 14
      Computer and information sciences, other 19 11 6 7 9 2 10 2 4 1
    Engineering 123 122 108 104 115 125 109 107 104 122
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 8 8 8 2 4 4 2 3 3 3
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 19 22 17 23 19 25 19 20 24 19
      Chemical and petroleum engineering 12 17 16 17 21 28 10 18 16 8
      Civil, environmental, and transportation engineering 7 10 10 7 7 13 10 10 10 19
      Electrical and computer engineering 26 21 23 20 21 17 26 21 19 32
      Industrial engineering and operations research 15 12 3 8 9 6 9 4 5 3
      Materials and mining engineering 9 7 7 9 11 13 14 10 9 9
      Mechanical engineering 24 21 21 16 19 15 13 16 16 25
      Engineering, other 3 4 3 2 4 4 6 5 2 4
    Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 3 6 3 2 8 8 14 11 7 12
      Geological sciences 1 2 2 2 6 4 9 6 3 7
      Ocean, marine, and atmospheric sciences 2 4 1 . 2 4 5 5 4 5
    Health sciences . . 1 . . 1 . . 1 2
      Public health . . 1 . . . . . 1 1
      Health sciences, other . . . . . 1 . . . 1
    Mathematics and statistics 28 19 35 23 18 25 26 19 23 22
      Applied mathematics 6 4 10 3 5 5 9 6 7 5
      Mathematics . 1 1 3 1 4 5 4 2 11
      Statistics 5 8 10 8 4 3 2 3 3 4
      Mathematics and statistics, other 17 6 14 9 8 13 10 6 11 2
    Physical sciences 74 62 58 66 65 56 80 49 66 57
      Astronomy and astrophysics 14 3 7 10 5 7 5 4 7 5
      Chemistry 33 22 20 26 22 18 35 18 24 20
      Physics 27 37 31 30 38 31 40 27 35 32
    Psychology 14 7 14 6 13 16 12 10 17 13
      Counseling and applied psychology . . . . 3 2 1 2 1 .
      Research and experimental psychology 12 5 10 5 6 9 6 6 8 9
      Psychology, other 2 2 4 1 4 5 5 2 8 4
    Social sciences 66 73 67 61 56 75 59 72 56 62
      Anthropology 6 6 7 4 4 6 7 2 6 8
      Economics 21 21 25 17 25 24 18 27 17 20
      Political science and government 12 7 10 8 3 14 10 13 6 9
      Public policy analysis 5 3 2 2 1 1 1 . 1 2
      Sociology, demography, and population studies 7 11 8 11 8 14 10 14 12 4
      Social sciences, other 15 25 15 19 15 16 13 16 14 19
  Non-science and engineering 79 74 65 58 71 79 80 69 80 67
    Business 14 11 12 14 16 11 8 14 16 11
      Business 14 11 12 14 16 11 8 14 16 11
    Education . . . . 1 3 2 . 3 2
      Education research . . . . 1 1 1 . 1 1
      Teacher education and teaching fields . . . . . . 1 . 2 .
      Education, other . . . . . 2 . . . 1
    Humanities and arts 54 45 44 36 42 51 60 43 52 43
      Letters 15 16 18 14 6 14 15 7 16 18
      Foreign languages and literature 8 4 6 3 11 8 13 13 11 6
      History 11 9 6 6 11 8 15 11 7 12
      Philosophy and religious studies 11 4 5 3 5 9 4 7 5 2
      Music and performing arts 3 3 4 6 5 5 6 1 8 3
      Humanities and arts, other 6 9 5 4 4 7 7 4 5 2
    Other non-science and engineering 11 18 9 8 12 14 10 12 9 11
      Communication 5 6 5 4 5 6 8 5 6 9
      Non-science and engineering, other 6 12 4 4 7 8 2 7 3 2

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2024–15
All races 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents   2,975   2,921   2,862   3,090   2,885   2,853   2,807   2,770   2,728   2,679
    Hispanic or Latino   351   347   350   346   322   303   45   257   250   217
    Not Hispanic or Latino   2,460   2,423   2,352   2,588   2,408   2,397   2,584   2,359   2,315   2,307
      American Indian or Alaska Native   9   10   10   19   10   9   8   9   4   5
      Asian   665   583   537   595   475   482   417   420   415   385
      Black or African American   157   155   159   172   163   152   391   107   107   105
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander   2   3   3   4   4   4   4   5   6   7
      White   1,475   1,515   1,500   1,649   1,635   1,642   1,666   1,733   1,685   1,705
      More than one race   152   157   143   149   121   108   98   85   98   100
    Unknown ethnicity and race   164   151   160   156   155   153   178   154   163   155
  Temporary visa holders   3,440   3,199   3,015   2,893   2,454   2,897   2,603   2,352   2,435   2,410
  Science and engineering   6,262   6,022   5,775   5,983   5,248   5,670   5,355   4,971   5,020   4,961
    Science   4,153   3,999   3,849   4,134   3,541   3,779   3,530   3,298   3,363   3,285
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   284   304   344   429   284   265   254   242   306   308
      Biological and biomedical sciences   1,344   1,264   1,211   1,214   1,157   1,138   1,097   1,011   847   841
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   35   33
      Computer and information sciences   1,009   894   819   788   657   693   593   559   499   418
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   38   38
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   58   51   47   42   33   35   35   36   43   46
      Mathematics and statistics   246   264   239   244   207   218   191   193   195   205
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   35   44   40   35   38   24   26   21   20   19
      Natural resources and conservation   69   75   63   79   60   62   55   67   0   0
      Physical sciences   371   390   387   389   348   362   363   519   340   341
      Psychology   89   94   87   84   86   36   38   64   37   35
      Social sciences   648   619   612   830   671   946   878   586   910   920
    Engineering   2,109   2,023   1,926   1,849   1,707   1,891   1,825   1,673   1,657   1,676
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   68   56   43   46   42   35   38   34   33   28
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   211   204   195   217   180   170   187   196   181   193
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   130   159   163   138   131   166   211   159   173   203
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   104   101   100   111   88   146   125   125   148   134
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   342   382   333   294   270   345   302   262   283   346
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   751   627   579   537   539   527   461   434   358   300
      Mechanical engineering   181   181   212   213   181   185   181   172   174   163
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   181   186   152   148   118   162   166   153   129   129
      Other engineering   141   127   149   145   158   155   154   138   178   180
    Health   153   98   102   0   91   80   55   151   143   128
      Clinical medicine   122   98   102   0   91   0   0   15   0   0
      Other health   31   0   0   0   0   80   55   136   143   128

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Part-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2024–15
All races 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents   102   91   67   9   0   0   0   0   0   0
    Hispanic or Latino   14   9   5   1   0   0   0   0   0   0
    Not Hispanic or Latino   77   73   60   8   0   0   0   0   0   0
      American Indian or Alaska Native   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Asian   14   7   6   1   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Black or African American   5   7   7   3   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      White   57   56   45   4   0   0   0   0   0   0
      More than one race   1   3   2   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
    Unknown ethnicity and race   11   9   2   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
  Temporary visa holders   38   14   6   2   0   0   0   0   0   0
  Science and engineering   128   91   59   11   0   0   0   0   0   0
    Science   126   88   57   11   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   23   17   14   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological and biomedical sciences   72   48   30   11   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Computer and information sciences   13   9   3   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   1   1   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Mathematics and statistics   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   1   1   1   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Natural resources and conservation   7   4   5   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Physical sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Psychology   2   2   1   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Social sciences   7   6   3   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
    Engineering   2   3   2   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   1   1   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   1   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   0   0   1   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Mechanical engineering   0   1   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Other engineering   0   1   1   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
    Health   12   14   14   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Clinical medicine   8   14   14   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Other health   4   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health receiving primary support from federal sources, by field: 2024–15
Field 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All surveyed fields   1,299   1,277   1,175   1,171   1,096   946   915   949   819   847
  Science and engineering   1,293   1,274   1,175   1,171   1,096   946   915   938   800   829
    Science   935   893   813   764   716   616   598   664   510   530
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   70   87   81   63   72   35   40   28   47   53
      Biological and biomedical sciences   509   447   388   355   331   320   301   330   210   202
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   5   4
      Computer and information sciences   112   99   97   86   87   66   76   64   47   53
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   3   3
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   21   17   14   13   9   10   11   12   13   23
      Mathematics and statistics   23   22   23   32   20   22   19   16   14   8
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   0   4   2   3   2   1   0   1   0   0
      Natural resources and conservation   18   17   10   8   12   8   7   9   0   0
      Physical sciences   150   174   165   172   140   131   124   178   121   133
      Psychology   6   7   6   7   8   2   2   5   6   7
      Social sciences   26   19   27   25   35   21   18   21   24   25
    Engineering   358   381   362   407   380   330   317   274   290   299
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   16   8   5   8   11   6   10   9   10   6
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   59   52   58   74   50   58   48   47   42   41
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   36   49   36   44   40   41   55   34   36   42
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   29   28   28   30   30   17   19   13   10   14
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   60   70   65   66   72   60   49   44   58   60
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   21   21   21   25   14   15   17   7   12   9
      Mechanical engineering   34   36   43   47   49   49   41   45   44   46
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   42   42   40   42   35   21   20   31   22   36
      Other engineering   61   75   66   71   79   63   58   44   56   45
    Health   6   3   0   0   0   0   0   11   19   18
      Clinical medicine   6   3   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Other health   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   11   19   18

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by type and primary source of support: 2024–15
Type and primary source of support 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All types and sources of support   6,415   6,120   5,877   5,983   5,339   5,750   5,410   5,122   5,163   5,089
  Fellowships   1,036   1,073   998   1,061   916   874   933   1,038   906   868
    Federal   309   292   255   287   275   270   270   361   336   337
    Institutional   675   737   684   707   559   538   635   648   548   511
    Nonfederal   52   44   59   67   82   66   28   29   22   20
  Research assistantships   1,718   1,784   1,650   1,509   1,489   1,414   1,433   1,289   1,363   1,345
    Federal   977   972   917   881   812   673   642   587   483   509
    Institutional   606   661   553   488   523   497   560   532   668   659
    Nonfederal   135   151   180   140   154   244   231   170   212   177
  Teaching assistantships   1,111   993   989   1,021   986   958   957   945   935   896
    Federal   4   5   1   0   7   1   1   1   0   1
    Institutional   1,100   985   988   1,021   977   957   955   944   935   895
    Nonfederal   7   3   0   0   2   0   1   0   0   0
  Other types of support   2,550   2,270   2,240   2,392   1,948   2,504   2,087   1,850   1,959   1,980
    Federal   9   8   2   3   2   2   2   0   0   0
    Institutional   43   25   94   152   139   143   3   0   0   0
    Nonfederal   4   6   4   4   5   2   5   3   0   0
    Personal resources   2,494   2,231   2,140   2,233   1,802   2,357   2,077   1,847   1,959   1,980

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Postdoctorates in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2024–15
All races 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  Science and engineering   818   748   680   776   695   736   664   597   567   634
    Science   666   602   552   641   559   600   549   487   472   531
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   63   63   58   123   93   62   66   68   48   60
      Biological and biomedical sciences   344   325   301   299   299   363   318   300   269   300
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   1
      Computer and information sciences   13   8   6   6   8   13   9   10   10   10
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   3   6
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   15   15   12   16   16   13   14   10   9   2
      Mathematics and statistics   7   4   4   7   4   2   2   1   0   0
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   1   0   2   20   21   23   22   10   12   16
      Natural resources and conservation   13   12   12   27   11   14   10   0   0   0
      Physical sciences   141   119   116   100   73   76   74   59   63   79
      Psychology   15   8   12   12   9   7   3   7   2   2
      Social sciences   54   48   29   31   25   27   31   22   21   26
    Engineering   152   146   128   135   136   136   115   110   95   103
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   30   30   25   23   21   19   14   12   7   11
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   31   30   27   21   27   21   12   12   14   14
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   23   23   13   9   7   9   7   11   12   9
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   9   9   15   14   11   9   12   15   10   14
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   4   3   4   2   1   1   3   1   3   2
      Mechanical engineering   24   22   16   12   10   16   12   14   7   6
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   0   0   0   24   21   16   17   11   15   18
      Other engineering   31   29   28   30   38   45   38   34   27   29
    Health   310   328   308   306   314   353   335   323   271   222
      Clinical medicine   310   328   308   306   314   320   307   274   224   179
      Other health   0   0   0   0   0   33   28   49   47   43

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Federally supported science, engineering, and health postdoctorates, by field: 2024–15
Field 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All surveyed fields   533   495   433   508   440   448   397   416   407   420
  Science and engineering   377   364   342   429   374   393   341   342   322   337
    Science   300   286   272   357   297   318   273   276   268   281
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   22   22   18   57   52   31   32   34   20   29
      Biological and biomedical sciences   174   180   173   202   163   207   172   176   158   177
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   1
      Computer and information sciences   4   3   3   1   5   8   7   7   9   8
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   2
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   10   9   6   7   12   9   8   7   5   0
      Mathematics and statistics   1   1   1   6   4   1   0   0   0   0
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   1   0   1   5   4   4   4   2   4   0
      Natural resources and conservation   2   2   3   5   2   1   1   0   0   0
      Physical sciences   66   59   59   60   51   46   43   42   50   48
      Psychology   8   2   2   1   2   4   3   3   2   1
      Social sciences   12   8   6   13   2   7   3   5   4   4
    Engineering   77   78   70   72   77   75   68   66   54   56
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   19   19   14   12   17   10   9   4   3   5
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   11   11   13   13   11   10   7   9   7   8
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   13   13   8   5   6   6   3   9   7   3
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   6   6   10   10   8   4   10   11   10   10
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   0   0   1   0   1   1   1   0   1   1
      Mechanical engineering   11   11   9   3   2   11   10   9   4   4
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   0   0   0   11   11   6   8   4   8   7
      Other engineering   17   18   15   18   21   27   20   20   14   18
    Health   156   131   91   79   66   55   56   74   85   83
      Clinical medicine   156   131   91   79   66   41   41   53   62   66
      Other health   0   0   0   0   0   14   15   21   23   17

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Total R&D expenditures, by field: 2024–15
(Dollars in thousands)
Field 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  All R&D fields   1,613,631   1,451,971   1,300,357   1,183,524   1,190,063   1,144,534   1,071,621   984,478   974,199   954,412
    Science   1,367,178   1,243,117   1,125,281   1,024,698   1,023,416   993,265   941,150   878,004   867,672   841,938
      Computer and information sciences   42,783   32,821   29,874   28,125   31,173   29,330   29,162   23,220   21,673   19,462
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   7,400   5,762   6,463   6,589   8,145   6,531   6,568   5,152   4,742   24,990
        Atmospheric science and meteorology   12   29   59   1,136   1,192   1,079   1,189   812   218   0
        Geological and earth sciences   6,736   5,446   6,120   5,218   6,874   5,407   5,277   4,257   4,411   9,551
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences   652   287   284   235   79   45   102   83   113   14
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   15,425
      Life sciences   1,113,453   1,020,982   929,175   833,824   822,419   789,230   737,271   678,247   676,105   631,729
        Agricultural sciences   131,596   124,227   114,152   106,374   121,012   118,509   111,399   97,306   103,817   91,244
        Biological and biomedical sciences   376,246   347,213   356,105   317,690   311,954   314,443   298,172   299,232   318,787   129,065
        Health sciences   562,497   509,376   429,280   384,742   370,944   336,554   309,881   265,474   237,962   402,728
        Natural resources and conservation   26,053   25,621   21,287   17,553   18,509   19,673   17,802   16,177   15,525   0
        Life sciences nec   17,061   14,545   8,351   7,465   0   51   17   58   14   8,692
      Mathematics and statistics   4,370   4,173   3,287   2,467   3,323   3,341   3,494   2,797   2,988   3,212
      Physical sciences   153,702   136,751   120,697   120,151   121,218   122,968   122,144   112,256   105,986   105,562
        Astronomy and astrophysics   13,269   13,639   11,667   11,395   10,728   15,005   11,537   11,440   11,670   12,223
        Chemistry   33,256   32,543   30,250   27,978   27,423   26,542   25,958   25,643   24,456   21,596
        Materials science   4,345   4,087   3,515   3,682   4,382   4,493   5,178   4,809   5,007   0
        Physics   63,053   55,446   51,692   53,686   48,658   50,551   47,530   44,463   42,635   67,962
        Physical sciences nec   39,779   31,036   23,573   23,410   30,027   26,377   31,941   25,901   22,218   3,781
      Psychology   12,943   12,439   11,971   11,273   11,516   12,682   11,245   11,558   12,740   13,717
      Social sciences   32,283   30,044   23,814   22,269   25,622   29,183   31,266   44,774   43,438   41,127
        Anthropology   516   395   376   166   257   311   224   273   218   0
        Economics   3,759   3,451   2,387   2,493   2,418   3,319   2,268   18,194   17,494   21,703
        Political science and government   2,728   2,333   2,539   1,809   1,391   1,391   1,107   544   487   733
        Sociology, demography, and population studies   4,999   6,846   5,005   4,912   9,156   12,303   14,832   13,787   14,170   16,644
        Social sciences nec   20,281   17,019   13,507   12,889   12,400   11,859   12,835   11,976   11,069   2,047
      Sciences nec   244   145   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   2,139
    Engineering   176,068   149,807   125,320   118,621   123,703   110,545   92,590   85,162   88,512   104,481
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   6,092   3,760   3,107   3,070   3,050   3,016   2,882   2,961   3,149   92
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering   29,035   24,099   20,839   21,468   18,636   15,464   12,192   8,543   8,634   11,872
      Chemical engineering   17,428   20,122   15,313   13,962   12,915   12,347   9,572   10,510   10,709   10,934
      Civil engineering   16,391   11,875   9,915   8,420   8,567   8,204   7,091   5,677   5,905   5,301
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering   39,261   31,490   25,771   22,815   25,517   22,739   16,595   17,366   17,888   17,711
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering   5,142   5,070   5,503   4,214   4,657   4,427   3,948   3,901   4,158   0
      Mechanical engineering   20,689   20,194   18,703   18,104   20,086   18,812   15,736   13,686   11,445   11,746
      Metallurgical and materials engineering   28,037   23,686   18,154   18,557   19,421   17,173   16,357   14,806   14,249   12,691
      Engineering nec   13,993   9,511   8,015   8,011   10,854   8,363   8,217   7,712   12,375   34,134
    Non-S&E   70,385   59,047   49,756   40,205   42,944   40,724   37,881   21,312   18,015   7,993
      Business management and business administration   22,817   20,570   17,796   3,961   5,459   5,472   4,584   5,183   3,886   2,085
      Communication and communications technologies   9,152   7,256   5,860   5,709   4,985   3,919   5,199   5,001   5,107   667
      Education   399   457   441   218   399   498   0   0   0   0
      Humanities   3,811   3,039   2,242   1,626   2,145   2,104   1,720   2,701   2,437   3,558
      Law   1,604   1,195   992   612   654   772   943   1,239   1,016   868
      Social work   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Visual and performing arts   625   337   2,837   2,830   2,843   2,780   2,436   2,245   2,140   431
      Non-S&E nec   31,977   26,193   19,588   25,249   26,459   25,179   22,999   4,943   3,429   384

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Total R&D expenditures, by source of funds and R&D field: 2024
(Dollars in thousands)
Field All R&D expenditures Federal government State and local government Institution funds Business Nonprofit organizations All other sources
  All R&D fields   1,613,631   792,078   109,347   315,721   68,312   140,435   187,738
    Science   1,367,178   689,267   96,041   239,328   54,622   121,066   166,854
      Computer and information sciences   42,783   21,746   46   10,043   1,780   2,395   6,773
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   7,400   5,177   278   1,614   0   42   289
        Atmospheric science and meteorology   12   3   0   7   0   0   2
        Geological and earth sciences   6,736   4,970   0   1,446   0   42   278
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences   652   204   278   161   0   0   9
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Life sciences   1,113,453   529,578   86,390   183,587   51,560   108,767   153,571
        Agricultural sciences   131,596   47,362   33,525   35,191   1,028   9,912   4,578
        Biological and biomedical sciences   376,246   190,459   31,264   75,679   23,023   21,000   34,821
        Health sciences   562,497   284,352   9,242   58,871   27,405   74,410   108,217
        Natural resources and conservation   26,053   3,655   9,897   8,039   35   991   3,436
        Life sciences nec   17,061   3,750   2,462   5,807   69   2,454   2,519
      Mathematics and statistics   4,370   3,087   133   494   0   630   26
      Physical sciences   153,702   119,167   1,104   25,106   991   4,250   3,084
        Astronomy and astrophysics   13,269   9,555   0   2,553   18   1,052   91
        Chemistry   33,256   23,793   60   6,703   549   1,173   978
        Materials science   4,345   1,909   456   1,080   0   0   900
        Physics   63,053   45,130   0   14,375   424   2,025   1,099
        Physical sciences nec   39,779   38,780   588   395   0   0   16
      Psychology   12,943   3,724   3,643   4,481   82   671   342
      Social sciences   32,283   6,544   4,447   14,003   209   4,311   2,769
        Anthropology   516   167   0   271   0   0   78
        Economics   3,759   1,252   686   1,360   0   304   157
        Political science and government   2,728   202   0   1,286   0   285   955
        Sociology, demography, and population studies   4,999   1,920   311   1,524   0   477   767
        Social sciences nec   20,281   3,003   3,450   9,562   209   3,245   812
      Sciences nec   244   244   0   0   0   0   0
    Engineering   176,068   96,296   4,279   41,956   3,782   14,262   15,493
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   6,092   3,490   1,020   1,360   0   46   176
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering   29,035   18,494   216   6,009   640   1,899   1,777
      Chemical engineering   17,428   11,007   0   4,019   724   154   1,524
      Civil engineering   16,391   11,420   162   3,581   490   225   513
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering   39,261   15,044   0   8,883   368   9,143   5,823
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering   5,142   2,548   0   2,156   116   1   321
      Mechanical engineering   20,689   13,199   172   5,441   419   530   928
      Metallurgical and materials engineering   28,037   14,946   2,701   6,271   1,025   2,263   831
      Engineering nec   13,993   6,148   8   4,236   0   1   3,600
    Non-S&E   70,385   6,515   9,027   34,437   9,908   5,107   5,391
      Business management and business administration   22,817   185   4,910   17,378   0   132   212
      Communication and communications technologies   9,152   2,239   1,906   2,871   0   2,043   93
      Education   399   234   0   54   0   111   0
      Humanities   3,811   219   0   2,636   0   448   508
      Law   1,604   198   0   522   0   287   597
      Social work   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Visual and performing arts   625   1   0   528   0   79   17
      Non-S&E nec   31,977   3,439   2,211   10,448   9,908   2,007   3,964

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Federally funded R&D expenditures, by federal agency: 2024–15
(Dollars in thousands)
Source of funds 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
Federal Agencies   792,078   705,132   636,481   592,359   562,021   525,182   470,020   438,182   430,987   446,360
  DOD   68,999   50,537   49,918   49,165   47,799   39,524   34,440   34,489   30,988   30,165
  DOE   29,366   31,129   24,801   21,928   23,795   23,747   21,357   18,752   18,611   19,336
  HHS   473,940   423,066   389,731   350,981   316,779   282,465   236,795   217,550   209,885   212,344
  NASA   12,030   11,790   8,604   7,536   8,724   12,034   10,742   11,652   9,722   8,700
  NSF   137,088   125,089   107,958   110,332   110,447   115,526   116,404   107,091   109,545   124,886
  USDA   50,540   44,545   41,219   37,981   39,077   37,785   36,198   35,438   37,952   35,559
  Other   20,115   18,976   14,250   14,436   15,400   14,101   14,084   13,210   14,284   15,370

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Headcount of R&D personnel: 2024–18 [temporarily discontinued]
Year
2024   .   .   .   .
2023   .   .   .   .
2022   .   .   .   .
2021   .   .   .   .
2020   .   .   .   .
2019   11,285   1,839   9,446   .
2018   10,737   1,821   8,916   .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field: 2023–14
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space 2023 2021 2019 2017 2015
  All research space   2,240   2,374   2,246   2,206   2,452 i
    Agricultural sciences   610   588   539   506   552 i
    Biological and biomedical sciences   789   944   857   868   807 i
    Computer and information sciences   14   14   15   17   22 i
    Engineering   351   349   328   318   363 i
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   8   5   5   9   20 i
    Health sciences   12   18   46   47   251 i
    Mathematics and statistics   2   3   3   2   3 i
    Natural resources and conservation   43   36   37   33   57 i
    Physical sciences   312   311   309   298   318 i
    Psychology   21   21   21   23   24 i
    Social sciences   16   16   19   24   29 i
    Other   63   68   67   62   5 i

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

New construction of science and engineering research space, by field and time of construction: 2025–16
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space   170,500   82,989 i   0   41,600   0
    Agricultural sciences   0   12,310 i   0   0   0
    Biological and biomedical sciences   170,500   0 i   0   0   0
    Computer and information sciences   0   53,259 i   0   0   0
    Engineering   0   0 i   0   41,600   0
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   0   0 i   0   0   0
    Health sciences   0   0 i   0   0   0
    Mathematics and statistics   0   0 i   0   0   0
    Natural resources and conservation   0   0 i   0   0   0
    Physical sciences   0   17,420 i   0   0   0
    Psychology   0   0 i   0   0   0
    Social sciences   0   0 i   0   0   0
    Other   0   0 i   0   0   0

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

Costs for repair and renovation of science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field and time of repair and renovation: 2025–16
(Dollars in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space   184,178   210,883   132,163   193,390   93,290
    Agricultural sciences   86,266   28,700   54,115   89,533   22,126
    Biological and biomedical sciences   46,132   78,497   44,214   41,349   35,204
    Computer and information sciences   600   9,900   2,075   831   1,425
    Engineering   25,050   17,712   15,429   35,315   13,018
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   0   0   6,050   1,115   1,129
    Health sciences   0   0   1,200   7,046   8,608
    Mathematics and statistics   0   0   0   395   554
    Natural resources and conservation   1,100   2,869   775   1,420   604
    Physical sciences   11,373   18,511   3,731   7,482   9,316
    Psychology   1,537   0   2,275   0   0
    Social sciences   12,121   54,694   1,997   8,904   1,306
    Other   0   0   302   0   0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

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