Howard U.

Rankings

Data year Earned doctorates Full-time graduate students Total R&D expenditures
Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked
2023 160 65.6 459 248 63.9 679 140 77.1 602 184 80.2 914
2022 173 62.7 457 253 63.3 680 187 79.5 900
2021 148 67.4 447 232 66.9 691 140 76.4 583 197 78.6 908
2020 148 67.6 450 225 68.2 698 208 77.6 916
2019 163 64 447 232 67.1 697 140 76.6 589 211 77.2 914
2018 165 62 428 236 66.7 700 203 78 911
2017 140 67.5 425 242 65.1 684 141 75.8 575 203 77.7 898
2016 157 64 430 230 67.4 697 209 77 896
2015 149 65.5 426 212 69.8 693 135 76.7 570 197 78.4 898
2014 141 67.1 422 214 69.3 688 208 76.9 889
NOTES:
  • 1. See TableBuilder for the prior year data.
  • 2. Blank white cells indicate data not available, not applicable, or institution not eligible for survey.
  • 3. Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

Data

Number of earned doctorates, by trend major field of study of recipients: 2023–14
Fields 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All fields 91 81 96 106 86 82 105 93 99 105
  Science and engineering 67 60 80 86 63 59 76 71 67 81
    Agricultural sciences and natural resources . . . 1 . 1 . . . 1
      Agricultural sciences . . . 1 . . . . . 1
      Natural resources and conservation . . . . . 1 . . . .
    Biological and biomedical sciences 14 16 20 25 13 15 8 15 5 16
      Biochemistry and biophysics . . 2 1 . 1 1 1 . .
      Biology and biomedical sciences, general 2 1 3 3 1 2 . 3 . 1
      Bioinformatics, biostatistics, and computational biology 1 1 . 1 . . . 1 . .
      Cellular and developmental biology, and anatomy . 2 1 1 1 1 . . . .
      Ecology, evolutionary biology, and epidemiology . 2 1 1 . . . . . .
      Genetics and genomics 2 2 3 2 . 1 1 2 . 3
      Microbiology and immunology 4 3 4 8 2 4 1 2 2 4
      Molecular biology 1 1 2 . 2 1 . . 1 1
      Neurobiology and neurosciences . 1 1 1 . . 1 2 . .
      Pharmacology and toxicology . 1 1 . . . . 1 1 3
      Physiology, pathology, and cancer biology 1 . . . . 1 2 1 1 2
      Biology and biomedical sciences, other 3 2 2 7 7 4 2 2 . 2
    Computer and information sciences 4 5 1 3 5 2 2 2 . .
      Computer science 3 4 1 3 4 2 2 2 . .
      Computer and information sciences, other 1 1 . . 1 . . . . .
    Engineering 7 3 3 4 4 4 4 3 5 3
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering . . . . . . . 1 . .
      Civil, environmental, and transportation engineering 2 . . . . . . . . .
      Electrical and computer engineering 4 3 1 3 2 2 2 1 3 2
      Materials and mining engineering . . 1 . . . 1 . 1 1
      Mechanical engineering 1 . 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 .
    Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences . 1 . . 1 . 5 6 3 5
      Ocean, marine, and atmospheric sciences . 1 . . 1 . 5 6 3 5
    Health sciences 5 1 7 3 6 2 1 5 5 6
      Pharmaceutical sciences 3 . 2 3 4 . 1 2 1 4
      Public health . . 2 . . . . 1 1 .
      Health sciences, other 2 1 3 . 2 2 . 2 3 2
    Mathematics and statistics . 2 2 6 2 1 4 2 1 7
      Applied mathematics . . . 2 1 1 1 1 1 .
      Mathematics . . . . 1 . 2 . . 7
      Mathematics and statistics, other . 2 2 4 . . 1 1 . .
    Physical sciences 5 5 3 4 1 5 5 5 6 6
      Astronomy and astrophysics . 1 . . . . . . . .
      Chemistry 2 2 . 1 . 5 5 3 4 3
      Physics 3 2 3 3 1 . . 2 2 3
    Psychology 15 17 15 16 21 16 22 19 13 11
      Clinical psychology 5 3 4 7 4 3 5 6 4 4
      Counseling and applied psychology 5 8 6 3 10 9 8 5 1 1
      Research and experimental psychology 4 5 5 3 4 2 6 4 6 4
      Psychology, other 1 1 . 3 3 2 3 4 2 2
    Social sciences 17 10 29 24 10 13 25 14 29 26
      Anthropology 1 . 3 . . . . . 1 .
      Economics 5 4 6 6 5 5 6 . 2 .
      Political science and government 2 1 7 5 . 1 7 4 8 5
      Public policy analysis 1 . . 1 . 1 1 . 3 4
      Sociology, demography, and population studies 4 1 4 4 1 2 3 3 7 9
      Social sciences, other 4 4 9 8 4 4 8 7 8 8
  Non-science and engineering 24 21 16 20 23 23 29 22 32 24
    Business . . . . . . . 1 1 .
      Business . . . . . . . 1 1 .
    Education 4 7 5 5 5 7 10 2 5 .
      Education leadership and administration . . 2 . . . . . . .
      Education research 4 6 3 5 5 7 10 2 5 .
      Teacher education and teaching fields . 1 . . . . . . . .
    Humanities and arts 9 6 4 4 7 9 6 15 9 8
      Letters 2 1 1 . . 2 2 4 3 3
      History 3 3 1 2 5 6 4 9 6 5
      Philosophy and religious studies 1 . . . . . . . . .
      Humanities and arts, other 3 2 2 2 2 1 . 2 . .
    Other non-science and engineering 11 8 7 11 11 7 13 4 17 16
      Communication 8 5 6 6 9 6 8 1 13 10
      Public administration and social services 3 2 1 4 2 1 5 3 4 6
      Non-science and engineering, other . 1 . 1 . . . . . .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2023–14
All races 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
    Male 188 165 164 156 151 160 163 177 203 i 211 i
    Female 296 295 322 300 281 265 250 325 360 i 332 i
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents 362 350 365 340 311 291 275 333 395 i 376 i
    Hispanic or Latino 15 20 25 22 15 4 3 5 5 i 15 i
    Not Hispanic or Latino 329 330 333 311 292 287 272 326 380 i 350 i
      American Indian or Alaska Native 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 i 0 i
      Asian 14 10 13 9 10 12 17 10 12 i 12 i
      Black or African American 279 278 282 258 238 251 230 286 345 i 315 i
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 i 0 i
      White 13 10 15 22 23 23 25 28 21 i 22 i
      More than one race 23 32 23 21 21 0 0 2 1 i 1 i
    Unknown ethnicity and race 18 0 7 7 4 0 0 2 10 i 11 i
  Temporary visa holders 122 110 121 116 121 134 138 169 168 i 167 i
  Science and engineering 415 392 419 389 364 365 362 440 487 i 476 i
    Science 383 360 384 355 331 330 320 382 439 i 426 i
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Biological and biomedical sciences 69 61 73 77 70 78 104 118 114 i 110 i
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 23 35 i 34 i
      Computer and information sciences 37 38 35 23 32 28 13 0 12 i 13 i
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 14 14 8 8 9 9 6 9 16 i 23 i
      Mathematics and statistics 17 13 15 19 15 14 12 17 17 i 19 i
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Physical sciences 33 30 29 25 24 25 33 33 36 i 42 i
      Psychology 107 113 115 105 70 74 57 73 71 i 56 i
      Social sciences 89 91 109 98 111 102 95 109 138 i 129 i
    Engineering 32 32 35 34 33 35 42 58 48 i 50 i
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 7 6 6 3 3 8 5 8 5 i 5 i
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 4 6 10 8 6 7 8 14 9 i 9 i
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 18 17 14 14 15 11 18 24 27 i 26 i
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Mechanical engineering 3 3 5 9 9 9 11 12 7 i 10 i
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
  Health 69 68 67 67 68 60 51 62 76 i 67 i
    Clinical medicine 13 20 24 18 13 4 0 0 0 i 0 i
    Other health 56 48 43 49 55 56 51 62 76 i 67 i

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Part-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2023–14
All races 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
    Male 55 45 58 65 82 63 85 76 34 i 46 i
    Female 89 96 101 113 86 86 89 91 62 i 81 i
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents 132 122 140 159 152 126 143 145 80 i 106 i
    Hispanic or Latino 5 5 4 1 4 1 2 2 1 i 1 i
    Not Hispanic or Latino 122 117 135 158 148 125 140 134 79 i 105 i
      American Indian or Alaska Native 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 i 1 i
      Asian 4 2 5 2 1 2 1 3 4 i 2 i
      Black or African American 113 104 116 141 128 110 125 126 68 i 96 i
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 i 1 i
      White 3 4 9 8 11 12 13 5 6 i 5 i
      More than one race 2 7 5 7 7 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
    Unknown ethnicity and race 5 0 1 0 0 0 1 9 0 i 0 i
  Temporary visa holders 12 19 19 19 16 23 31 22 16 i 21 i
  Science and engineering 140 130 145 164 159 143 167 165 91 i 125 i
    Science 130 118 134 159 150 130 155 154 87 i 123 i
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Biological and biomedical sciences 10 24 21 18 18 10 28 19 19 i 6 i
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 5 i 12 i
      Computer and information sciences 9 9 6 10 5 5 3 0 3 i 6 i
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 4 0 2 4 2 0 2 0 0 i 0 i
      Mathematics and statistics 7 6 6 4 5 10 5 0 0 i 0 i
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Physical sciences 1 3 2 8 6 5 2 2 1 i 4 i
      Psychology 28 33 39 44 31 29 13 13 4 i 24 i
      Social sciences 57 43 58 71 83 71 102 106 55 i 71 i
    Engineering 10 12 11 5 9 13 12 11 4 i 2 i
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 2 2 1 0 1 0 0 0 2 i 0 i
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 3 3 1 1 2 2 3 1 0 i 1 i
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 4 5 6 3 4 7 6 10 2 i 1 i
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Mechanical engineering 1 2 3 1 2 4 3 0 0 i 0 i
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
  Health 4 11 14 14 9 6 7 2 5 i 2 i
    Clinical medicine 3 4 6 5 4 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
    Other health 1 7 8 9 5 6 7 2 5 i 2 i

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health receiving primary support from federal sources, by field: 2023–14
Field 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All surveyed fields 62 45 249 282 183 30 18 52 79 i 74 i
  Science and engineering 44 45 212 235 141 27 17 49 72 i 68 i
    Science 43 36 202 223 137 23 16 26 55 i 51 i
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Biological and biomedical sciences 3 1 28 33 16 4 2 0 5 i 4 i
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 i 1 i
      Computer and information sciences 0 19 14 8 6 7 0 0 4 i 2 i
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 1 9 5 5 4 4 4 6 14 i 19 i
      Mathematics and statistics 1 0 3 5 2 0 0 3 4 i 9 i
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Physical sciences 0 1 9 17 5 2 4 9 13 i 8 i
      Psychology 15 2 80 90 49 0 0 2 8 i 2 i
      Social sciences 13 4 63 65 55 6 6 6 6 i 6 i
    Engineering 1 9 10 12 4 4 1 23 17 i 17 i
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 4 4 i 1 i
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 2 5 0 0 0 0 3 4 i 7 i
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 1 6 5 7 1 1 0 15 7 i 7 i
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Mechanical engineering 0 0 0 4 2 3 1 1 2 i 2 i
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
  Health 18 0 37 47 42 3 1 3 7 i 6 i
    Clinical medicine 4 0 13 16 10 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
    Other health 14 0 24 31 32 3 1 3 7 i 6 i

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by type and primary source of support: 2023–14
Type and primary source of support 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All types and sources of support 484 460 486 456 432 425 413 502 563 i 543 i
  Fellowships 27 128 82 82 214 5 93 61 91 i 89 i
    Federal 0 1 1 3 0 1 1 8 41 i 29 i
    Institutional 27 121 81 79 49 2 77 30 19 i 37 i
    Nonfederal 0 6 0 0 165 2 15 23 31 i 23 i
  Research assistantships 14 39 40 38 6 13 43 83 73 i 89 i
    Federal 2 31 23 26 3 0 16 38 29 i 45 i
    Institutional 2 1 4 5 0 13 27 42 39 i 38 i
    Nonfederal 10 7 13 7 3 0 0 3 5 i 6 i
  Teaching assistantships 0 0 0 0 0 0 47 108 117 i 124 i
    Federal 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 i 0 i
    Institutional 0 0 0 0 0 0 47 90 104 i 121 i
    Nonfederal 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 12 i 3 i
  Other types of support 443 293 364 336 212 407 230 250 282 i 241 i
    Federal 60 13 225 253 180 29 1 6 8 i 0 i
    Institutional 17 66 37 4 0 130 0 18 5 i 11 i
    Nonfederal 6 15 2 0 0 29 0 34 65 i 62 i
    Personal resources 360 199 100 79 32 219 229 192 204 i 168 i

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Postdoctorates in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2023–14
All races 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
  Science and engineering 39 30 34 32 18 10 13 19 22 i 16 i
    Science 33 24 29 29 17 7 8 12 17 i 10 i
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Biological and biomedical sciences 15 11 13 11 9 6 6 9 14 i 6 i
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Computer and information sciences 1 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 i 0 i
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 2 i
      Mathematics and statistics 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 i 1 i
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Physical sciences 11 8 16 17 7 1 1 1 0 i 1 i
      Psychology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 i 0 i
      Social sciences 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
    Engineering 6 6 5 3 1 3 5 7 5 i 6 i
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 1 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 i 0 i
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 2 2 i 2 i
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 4 3 2 1 0 0 2 2 2 i 2 i
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Mechanical engineering 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 2 0 i 2 i
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
  Health 77 44 53 6 9 2 2 1 0 i 0 i
    Clinical medicine 6 4 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
    Other health 71 40 53 6 6 2 2 1 0 i 0 i

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Federally supported science, engineering, and health postdoctorates, by field: 2023–14
Field 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All surveyed fields 20 24 26 24 16 8 10 14 15 i 13 i
  Science and engineering 15 20 25 24 13 6 8 14 15 i 13 i
    Science 11 17 21 21 13 4 5 9 11 i 8 i
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Biological and biomedical sciences 1 9 11 9 7 3 3 6 8 i 4 i
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Computer and information sciences 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 i 0 i
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 2 i
      Mathematics and statistics 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 i 1 i
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Physical sciences 8 6 10 11 5 1 1 1 0 i 1 i
      Psychology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 i 0 i
      Social sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
    Engineering 4 3 4 3 0 2 3 5 4 i 5 i
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 0 2 1 0 1 1 1 0 i 0 i
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 2 2 i 2 i
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 2 1 2 1 0 0 1 2 2 i 2 i
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Mechanical engineering 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 i 1 i
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
  Health 5 4 1 0 3 2 2 0 0 i 0 i
    Clinical medicine 3 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 i 0 i
    Other health 2 4 1 0 1 2 2 0 0 i 0 i

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Total R&D expenditures, by field: 2023–14
(Dollars in thousands)
Field 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
  All R&D fields 84,756 67,594 52,412 44,933 44,163 45,965 45,768 41,038 47,322 40,771
    Science 66,821 56,215 41,907 35,741 34,826 35,480 36,211 32,808 35,016 29,778
      Computer and information sciences 7,235 1,576 1,747 1,523 1,328 1,034 1,111 2,549 391 629
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 0 305 289 225 248 618 1,101 3,394 2,502 1,080
        Atmospheric science and meteorology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Geological and earth sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 45 22
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences 0 305 289 225 248 618 1,101 3,394 2,457 1,058
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Life sciences 48,554 44,152 30,787 25,750 24,940 26,083 26,573 21,237 20,950 23,334
        Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Biological and biomedical sciences 5,231 9,045 6,350 5,312 5,089 4,231 3,701 1,439 3,656 2,070
        Health sciences 39,400 28,888 21,927 18,156 17,872 19,482 20,483 19,253 14,821 20,170
        Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 62 0 0
        Life sciences nec 3,923 6,219 2,510 2,282 1,979 2,370 2,389 483 2,473 1,094
      Mathematics and statistics 369 215 198 230 222 225 295 487 518 177
      Physical sciences 7,016 6,125 5,720 5,308 5,277 4,058 3,808 2,220 9,113 1,513
        Astronomy and astrophysics 1,633 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Chemistry 4,629 5,348 5,000 4,546 4,558 3,457 2,969 1,999 8,607 435
        Materials science 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Physics 754 777 720 762 719 601 839 221 506 1,078
        Physical sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Psychology 1,976 2,546 2,214 1,878 1,968 2,434 2,467 1,731 1,117 921
      Social sciences 1,671 1,296 952 827 843 1,028 856 1,190 425 2,124
        Anthropology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Economics 1,073 676 457 444 502 593 471 522 416 1,127
        Political science and government 163 158 109 95 56 6 4 0 0 965
        Sociology, demography, and population studies 435 462 386 288 285 429 381 668 9 32
        Social sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Engineering 11,221 10,431 9,535 8,336 8,401 9,112 8,402 7,604 10,748 8,588
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 325 337 360 516 443 203 159 0 0
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical engineering 1,146 705 605 466 571 453 354 167 259 15
      Civil engineering 2,264 1,560 1,434 1,419 1,400 1,427 1,518 1,265 2,546 3,064
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering 5,030 4,408 4,068 3,298 3,227 4,012 3,934 4,352 5,663 3,057
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 1,204 1,442 1,335 1,179 1,224 1,793 1,517 1,183 1,539 1,204
      Metallurgical and materials engineering 0 0 0 0 210 0 0 0 0 0
      Engineering nec 1,577 1,991 1,756 1,614 1,253 984 876 478 741 1,248
    Non-S&E 6,714 948 970 856 936 1,373 1,155 626 1,558 2,405
      Business management and business administration 1,565 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Communication and communications technologies 4,420 248 163 143 163 106 120 0 516 888
      Education 516 35 213 181 107 736 727 588 1,042 1,454
      Humanities 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Law 0 0 0 0 230 0 0 38 0 0
      Social work 213 665 594 532 436 531 308 0 0 63
      Visual and performing arts 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Non-S&E nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Total R&D expenditures, by source of funds and R&D field: 2023
(Dollars in thousands)
Field All R&D expenditures Federal government State and local government Institution funds Business Nonprofit organizations All other sources
  All R&D fields 84,756 47,662 2,840 22,461 4,552 5,140 2,101
    Science 66,821 35,027 2,128 19,905 3,086 4,751 1,924
      Computer and information sciences 7,235 6,235 0 873 33 94 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Atmospheric science and meteorology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Geological and earth sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Life sciences 48,554 21,080 2,076 17,152 2,571 3,751 1,924
        Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Biological and biomedical sciences 5,231 793 0 4,018 103 317 0
        Health sciences 39,400 20,287 2,072 9,534 2,452 3,432 1,623
        Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Life sciences nec 3,923 0 4 3,600 16 2 301
      Mathematics and statistics 369 253 0 110 0 6 0
      Physical sciences 7,016 5,764 52 787 378 35 0
        Astronomy and astrophysics 1,633 1,633 0 0 0 0 0
        Chemistry 4,629 3,694 0 522 378 35 0
        Materials science 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Physics 754 437 52 265 0 0 0
        Physical sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Psychology 1,976 218 0 819 99 840 0
      Social sciences 1,671 1,477 0 164 5 25 0
        Anthropology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Economics 1,073 1,073 0 0 0 0 0
        Political science and government 163 0 0 148 5 10 0
        Sociology, demography, and population studies 435 404 0 16 0 15 0
        Social sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Engineering 11,221 6,744 696 1,851 1,411 342 177
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical engineering 1,146 474 0 571 101 0 0
      Civil engineering 2,264 1,406 673 47 0 138 0
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering 5,030 3,318 0 382 1,179 151 0
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 1,204 1,204 0 0 0 0 0
      Metallurgical and materials engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Engineering nec 1,577 342 23 851 131 53 177
    Non-S&E 6,714 5,891 16 705 55 47 0
      Business management and business administration 1,565 1,186 0 321 20 38 0
      Communication and communications technologies 4,420 4,129 16 270 5 0 0
      Education 516 516 0 0 0 0 0
      Humanities 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Law 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Social work 213 60 0 114 30 9 0
      Visual and performing arts 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Non-S&E nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Federally funded R&D expenditures, by federal agency: 2023–14
(Dollars in thousands)
Source of funds 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
Federal Agencies 47,662 37,331 35,443 29,256 29,978 33,602 34,762 33,441 38,820 32,663
  DOD 3,763 2,972 2,624 2,569 2,649 2,967 2,957 2,129 3,293 3,876
  DOE 610 256 253 225 225 301 308 491 715 537
  HHS 33,942 26,170 24,932 20,121 21,044 21,772 22,070 18,435 21,100 17,365
  NASA 554 251 225 188 150 226 135 54 178 495
  NSF 5,937 6,299 6,166 4,974 4,682 6,699 6,742 7,076 9,400 6,734
  USDA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 40
  Other 2,856 1,383 1,243 1,179 1,228 1,637 2,550 5,256 4,134 3,616

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Headcount of R&D personnel: 2023–17 [temporarily discontinued]
Year
2023 . . . .
2022 . . . .
2021 . . . .
2020 . . . .
2019 629 115 514 .
2018 682 139 543 .
2017 660 165 495 .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field: 2023–14
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space 2023 2021 2019 2017 2015
  All research space 493 492 456 458 458
    Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Biological and biomedical sciences 142 142 138 138 138
    Computer and information sciences 10 10 10 10 10
    Engineering 58 55 42 42 42
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 15 14 11 11 11
    Health sciences 175 174 163 164 164
    Mathematics and statistics 2 8 8 8 8
    Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0
    Physical sciences 18 19 15 15 15
    Psychology 16 16 16 16 16
    Social sciences 50 46 45 45 45
    Other 8 8 8 8 8

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

New construction of science and engineering research space, by field and time of construction: 2025–16
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

Costs for repair and renovation of science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field and time of repair and renovation: 2025–16
(Dollars in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space 44,000 13,570 7,277 10,351 6,000
    Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Biological and biomedical sciences 0 1,782 1,391 1,139 750
    Computer and information sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Engineering 41,034 3,317 1,105 828 1,500
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Health sciences 1,207 2,419 1,840 8,073 3,500
    Mathematics and statistics 0 0 373 0 250
    Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0
    Physical sciences 1,759 6,051 2,567 311 0
    Psychology 0 0 0 0 0
    Social sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Other 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

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