Johns Hopkins U.

Rankings

Data year Earned doctorates Full-time graduate students Total R&D expenditures Research space
Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked
2024 26 94.6 459 14 98 631 1 100 925
2023 25 94.8 459 15 98 679 1 100 911 4 99.5 602
2022 29 93.9 457 12 98.4 680 1 100 900
2021 32 93.1 447 15 98 691 1 100 908 4 99.5 583
2020 34 92.7 450 24 96.7 698 1 100 916
2019 29 93.8 447 25 96.6 697 1 100 914 9 98.6 589
2018 23 94.9 428 28 96.2 700 1 100 911
2017 26 94.2 425 26 96.4 684 1 100 898 4 99.5 575
2016 29 93.5 430 31 95.7 697 1 100 896
2015 23 94.9 426 31 95.7 693 1 100 898 3 99.6 570
NOTES:
  • 1. See TableBuilder for the prior year data.
  • 2. Blank white cells indicate data not available, not applicable, or institution not eligible for survey.
  • 3. Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

Data

Number of earned doctorates, by trend major field of study of recipients: 2024–15
Fields 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All fields 510 531 507 423 426 455 507 495 476 492
  Science and engineering 479 484 482 389 403 430 467 461 435 460
    Agricultural sciences and natural resources 2 2 . 1 . . . 1 1 1
      Agricultural sciences . . . 1 . . . . . .
      Natural resources and conservation 2 2 . . . . . 1 1 1
    Biological and biomedical sciences 159 187 156 151 173 158 178 172 166 178
      Biochemistry and biophysics 28 26 18 24 22 17 23 21 23 24
      Biology and biomedical sciences, general 20 22 10 8 14 11 11 19 19 13
      Bioinformatics, biostatistics, and computational biology 12 10 22 8 11 9 8 9 14 9
      Cellular and developmental biology, and anatomy 1 4 2 4 3 13 5 8 11 11
      Ecology, evolutionary biology, and epidemiology 18 22 17 16 19 20 29 14 19 24
      Genetics and genomics 7 12 14 13 18 9 15 9 9 9
      Microbiology and immunology 18 20 17 15 21 22 18 18 16 24
      Molecular biology 17 19 11 13 12 14 14 10 10 12
      Neurobiology and neurosciences 20 16 19 26 28 18 25 22 23 18
      Pharmacology and toxicology 4 10 6 3 9 6 7 14 4 8
      Physiology, pathology, and cancer biology 11 21 18 19 14 14 21 25 11 20
      Biology and biomedical sciences, other 3 5 2 2 2 5 2 3 7 6
    Computer and information sciences 29 35 33 24 16 20 19 16 19 4
      Computer science 21 25 21 18 16 19 19 16 18 4
      Computer and information sciences, other 8 10 12 6 . 1 . . 1 .
    Engineering 122 98 128 81 66 81 99 93 78 93
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 2 2 . . . . . . . 1
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 31 26 41 16 17 25 29 37 31 39
      Chemical and petroleum engineering 29 16 22 17 6 11 12 7 10 7
      Civil, environmental, and transportation engineering 10 16 8 11 7 6 17 11 6 11
      Electrical and computer engineering 14 18 22 11 13 6 12 15 8 15
      Industrial engineering and operations research 3 . 1 1 1 4 . . 1 .
      Materials and mining engineering 12 4 14 6 6 8 9 13 9 9
      Mechanical engineering 14 14 17 17 16 18 18 10 13 11
      Engineering, other 7 2 3 2 . 3 2 . . .
    Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 9 6 8 2 7 6 6 10 2 3
      Geological sciences 7 1 1 1 5 2 5 6 1 2
      Ocean, marine, and atmospheric sciences 2 5 7 1 2 4 1 4 1 1
    Health sciences 60 48 52 45 62 64 66 70 60 82
      Nursing science 16 5 10 6 6 16 9 5 4 5
      Public health 36 37 32 35 50 34 55 61 49 68
      Health sciences, other 8 6 10 4 6 14 2 4 7 9
    Mathematics and statistics 14 21 15 11 11 9 11 9 15 11
      Applied mathematics 4 7 4 1 5 3 2 1 5 4
      Mathematics 1 . . . 3 1 3 1 . 1
      Statistics . 5 4 4 . 2 1 4 3 .
      Mathematics and statistics, other 9 9 7 6 3 3 5 3 7 6
    Physical sciences 35 47 44 31 36 48 38 41 37 33
      Astronomy and astrophysics 7 9 12 7 7 7 14 9 5 4
      Chemistry 21 31 24 15 15 25 16 21 18 12
      Physics 7 7 8 9 14 16 8 11 14 17
    Psychology 8 11 10 13 6 8 1 6 14 6
      Counseling and applied psychology 2 . . 1 1 . . . . 1
      Research and experimental psychology 6 11 10 10 5 7 1 6 11 5
      Psychology, other . . . 2 . 1 . . 3 .
    Social sciences 41 29 36 30 26 36 49 43 43 49
      Anthropology 4 2 4 5 3 5 5 6 2 3
      Economics 8 9 6 5 7 9 11 12 7 11
      Political science and government 8 7 7 4 5 5 10 9 11 17
      Public policy analysis 3 3 4 5 1 3 5 2 7 5
      Sociology, demography, and population studies 3 5 3 5 4 4 6 1 2 8
      Social sciences, other 15 3 12 6 6 10 12 13 14 5
  Non-science and engineering 31 47 25 34 23 25 40 34 41 32
    Business . 1 1 . . . . . 1 .
      Business . 1 1 . . . . . 1 .
    Education . . . . . . . . 2 .
      Education research . . . . . . . . 2 .
      Education, other . . . . . . . . . .
    Humanities and arts 31 44 24 33 23 25 40 34 37 32
      Letters 7 13 8 9 3 5 8 4 9 9
      Foreign languages and literature 3 6 5 7 1 5 8 8 9 4
      History 9 16 5 11 8 8 9 15 10 13
      Philosophy and religious studies 5 4 3 1 5 4 9 2 3 4
      Humanities and arts, other 7 5 3 5 6 3 6 5 6 2
    Other non-science and engineering . 2 . 1 . . . . 1 .
      Communication . . . . . . . . 1 .
      Non-science and engineering, other . 2 . 1 . . . . . .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2024–15
All races 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents   3,081   3,076   3,411   3,347   2,829   2,592   2,427   2,396   2,477   2,464
    Hispanic or Latino   358   358   380   351   256   233   212   186   151   136
    Not Hispanic or Latino   2,377   2,484   2,878   2,911   2,492   2,267   2,136   2,133   2,263   2,266
      American Indian or Alaska Native   3   3   7   7   11   5   6   6   13   14
      Asian   656   673   735   673   518   487   462   422   469   431
      Black or African American   262   281   324   304   241   209   152   141   141   145
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander   0   1   3   0   1   1   0   0   2   11
      White   1,306   1,358   1,633   1,757   1,599   1,459   1,407   1,471   1,565   1,617
      More than one race   150   168   176   170   122   106   109   93   73   48
    Unknown ethnicity and race   346   234   153   85   81   92   79   77   63   62
  Temporary visa holders   3,407   3,160   3,011   2,518   1,816   2,084   1,784   1,713   1,452   1,372
  Science and engineering   5,996   5,587   5,291   4,900   3,993   4,014   3,480   3,397   3,142   3,075
    Science   4,376   4,016   3,777   3,470   2,765   2,782   2,364   2,369   2,325   2,384
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   0   0   0   6   8   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological and biomedical sciences   2,063   1,888   1,657   1,620   1,320   1,257   1,101   1,139   1,077   1,042
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Computer and information sciences   553   458   454   392   322   372   302   294   201   174
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   42   36   43   40   44   40   40   32   37   36
      Mathematics and statistics   510   406   438   439   251   213   207   191   187   154
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   25   22   20   24   18   24   22   21   0   0
      Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Physical sciences   320   348   330   323   301   278   252   257   240   223
      Psychology   42   110   105   106   103   93   90   92   107   110
      Social sciences   821   748   730   520   398   505   350   343   391   560
    Engineering   1,620   1,571   1,514   1,430   1,228   1,232   1,116   1,028   817   691
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   5   8   7   6   6   5   0   0   0   0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   535   528   512   512   444   384   314   272   244   217
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   254   233   257   227   184   217   214   201   144   113
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   140   133   144   139   117   129   125   130   41   54
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   235   215   181   170   146   167   163   155   145   126
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   35   37   21   12   5   4   0   0   0   0
      Mechanical engineering   284   298   293   275   219   232   217   195   98   123
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   103   89   79   89   83   76   78   75   72   58
      Other engineering   29   30   20   0   24   18   5   0   73   0
    Health   492   649   1,131   965   652   662   731   712   787   761
      Clinical medicine   473   624   1,109   935   630   646   710   694   777   659
      Other health   19   25   22   30   22   16   21   18   10   102

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Part-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2024–15
All races 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents   7,590   7,849   7,491   7,558   7,038   6,148   1,001   717   379   279
    Hispanic or Latino   831   809   718   689   630   515   60   50   19   11
    Not Hispanic or Latino   6,454   6,737   6,447   6,542   6,047   5,249   888   628   337   252
      American Indian or Alaska Native   20   23   17   24   14   14   3   2   0   1
      Asian   1,438   1,421   1,302   1,258   1,084   898   174   139   77   49
      Black or African American   603   593   523   552   508   434   90   60   28   23
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander   9   5   8   11   10   6   0   0   2   1
      White   4,024   4,344   4,291   4,415   4,162   3,653   573   398   217   170
      More than one race   360   351   306   282   269   244   48   29   13   8
    Unknown ethnicity and race   305   303   326   327   361   384   53   39   23   16
  Temporary visa holders   771   862   818   766   632   578   405   334   185   104
  Science and engineering   7,612   7,948   6,899   6,908   6,526   5,805   683   526   290   141
    Science   4,913   5,301   4,409   4,494   4,362   4,013   653   495   273   128
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological and biomedical sciences   1,867   1,955   1,070   1,067   987   1,003   89   83   27   13
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Computer and information sciences   1,366   1,334   1,267   1,259   1,151   957   63   63   41   28
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   1   2   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Mathematics and statistics   642   747   637   631   566   479   13   10   13   16
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Physical sciences   383   384   390   391   390   309   0   0   0   0
      Psychology   0   4   4   4   3   3   4   3   2   2
      Social sciences   654   875   1,041   1,142   1,265   1,262   484   336   190   69
    Engineering   2,699   2,647   2,490   2,414   2,164   1,792   30   31   17   13
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   450   468   435   430   358   235   0   0   0   0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   215   203   236   231   158   99   0   0   0   0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   4   0   0   0   1   2   0   0   0   0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   125   127   136   161   172   161   13   14   0   0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   700   659   639   637   580   485   6   6   4   6
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   653   718   665   630   587   542   0   0   0   0
      Mechanical engineering   463   399   328   286   288   249   10   9   3   6
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   89   73   51   39   20   19   1   2   1   1
      Other engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   9   0
    Health   749   763   1,410   1,416   1,144   921   723   525   274   242
      Clinical medicine   742   757   1,400   1,409   1,121   905   709   515   274   233
      Other health   7   6   10   7   23   16   14   10   0   9

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health receiving primary support from federal sources, by field: 2024–15
Field 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All surveyed fields   981   1,018   1,150   1,099   998   924   863   929   1,156   1,111
  Science and engineering   907   932   1,060   1,014   920   837   777   787   1,065   1,011
    Science   660   692   637   599   525   492   465   479   731   731
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   0   0   0   4   6   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological and biomedical sciences   529   575   516   493   423   407   387   386   488   492
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Computer and information sciences   17   12   11   17   11   9   5   5   77   61
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   16   14   16   15   16   15   15   12   14   11
      Mathematics and statistics   6   5   5   4   4   4   4   4   0   0
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Physical sciences   53   52   52   31   29   26   25   24   103   93
      Psychology   12   12   11   11   11   11   11   31   28   27
      Social sciences   27   22   26   24   25   20   18   17   19   42
    Engineering   247   240   423   415   395   345   312   308   334   280
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   0   0   203   203   182   146   131   143   117   100
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   60   56   54   50   48   44   40   36   50   39
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   17   17   18   17   16   16   15   15   8   10
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   47   43   36   34   29   31   32   30   54   44
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Mechanical engineering   81   84   79   83   74   70   67   63   48   47
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   30   28   25   28   26   23   23   21   32   40
      Other engineering   12   12   8   0   20   15   4   0   25   0
    Health   74   86   90   85   78   87   86   142   91   100
      Clinical medicine   74   86   90   84   67   82   83   137   91   76
      Other health   0   0   0   1   11   5   3   5   0   24

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by type and primary source of support: 2024–15
Type and primary source of support 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All types and sources of support   6,488   6,236   6,422   5,865   4,645   4,676   4,211   4,109   3,929   3,836
  Fellowships   1,465   1,442   1,460   1,378   1,287   1,194   1,163   1,154   1,139   1,075
    Federal   473   485   512   550   523   528   488   452   471   470
    Institutional   943   896   857   734   670   560   580   638   593   523
    Nonfederal   49   61   91   94   94   106   95   64   75   82
  Research assistantships   773   795   1,020   1,001   813   857   693   917   1,011   978
    Federal   353   384   505   451   359   332   226   399   636   592
    Institutional   302   303   386   408   345   392   346   344   221   254
    Nonfederal   118   108   129   142   109   133   121   174   154   132
  Teaching assistantships   622   599   591   582   531   532   473   434   374   361
    Federal   1   1   1   1   1   1   1   1   1   0
    Institutional   619   594   581   568   513   514   457   419   371   361
    Nonfederal   2   4   9   13   17   17   15   14   2   0
  Other types of support   3,628   3,400   3,351   2,904   2,014   2,093   1,882   1,604   1,405   1,422
    Federal   154   148   132   97   115   63   148   77   48   49
    Institutional   440   531   619   391   372   428   421   265   311   427
    Nonfederal   349   373   76   101   90   68   71   47   56   53
    Personal resources   2,685   2,348   2,524   2,315   1,437   1,534   1,242   1,215   990   893

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Postdoctorates in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2024–15
All races 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  Science and engineering   814   812   812   811   808   765   726   763   628   611
    Science   644   670   686   681   685   625   592   626   515   511
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   11   17   23   33   28   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological and biomedical sciences   492   514   521   531   530   509   472   495   353   357
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Computer and information sciences   17   19   16   10   16   13   24   15   8   5
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   12   13   9   8   8   9   10   8   8   7
      Mathematics and statistics   17   15   15   11   5   5   4   16   4   2
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   1   2   0   3   6   4   4   2   0   0
      Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Physical sciences   59   61   63   40   48   43   44   49   39   37
      Psychology   21   20   33   37   36   33   28   32   30   32
      Social sciences   14   9   6   8   8   9   6   9   7   16
    Engineering   170   142   126   130   123   140   134   137   113   100
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   55   56   54   50   32   30   36   40   31   26
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   24   26   22   20   27   32   36   29   22   22
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   20   18   14   17   14   13   10   12   8   11
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   10   10   7   7   10   13   12   10   9   5
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Mechanical engineering   21   17   20   17   18   26   24   28   23   24
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   32   15   9   19   22   26   16   18   13   12
      Other engineering   8   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   7   0
    Health   1,018   958   928   919   915   1,042   1,060   1,005   1,069   1,068
      Clinical medicine   1,010   949   922   916   914   1,015   1,037   994   1,051   1,050
      Other health   8   9   6   3   1   27   23   11   18   18

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Federally supported science, engineering, and health postdoctorates, by field: 2024–15
Field 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All surveyed fields   821   792   807   845   836   811   814   816   743   749
  Science and engineering   403   395   454   461   472   417   417   459   391   373
    Science   331   342   384   386   405   340   346   387   321   304
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   4   8   14   22   17   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological and biomedical sciences   233   239   266   274   290   256   283   295   213   218
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Computer and information sciences   10   11   10   6   9   7   11   7   6   3
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   8   9   6   5   5   6   7   5   5   5
      Mathematics and statistics   9   9   8   6   3   2   2   10   3   0
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   0   0   0   3   6   4   4   2   0   0
      Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Physical sciences   45   46   48   32   39   34   27   38   24   24
      Psychology   19   18   31   35   33   30   12   30   21   22
      Social sciences   3   2   1   3   3   1   0   0   0   2
    Engineering   72   53   70   75   67   77   71   72   70   69
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   12   11   36   33   19   18   21   23   21   23
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   7   7   6   6   9   11   12   9   17   17
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   9   8   7   9   8   8   6   7   3   5
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   8   8   6   6   8   10   9   8   7   2
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Mechanical engineering   9   7   8   7   7   11   11   12   10   15
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   26   12   7   14   16   19   12   13   8   7
      Other engineering   1   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   4   0
    Health   418   397   353   384   364   394   397   357   352   376
      Clinical medicine   418   397   353   384   364   380   385   352   342   366
      Other health   0   0   0   0   0   14   12   5   10   10

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Total R&D expenditures, by field: 2024–15
(Dollars in thousands)
Field 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  All R&D fields   4,129,264   3,801,585   3,420,312   3,181,385   3,110,494   2,917,436   2,661,033   2,562,307   2,431,180   2,305,679
    Science   2,401,204 i   2,293,941 i   2,085,546 i   1,936,957 i   1,899,037 i   1,765,945 i   1,568,674 i   1,476,620 i   1,398,570 i   1,307,120 i
      Computer and information sciences   302,764 i   309,828 i   270,237 i   270,040 i   226,696 i   199,773 i   161,884 i   154,963 i   142,021 i   123,653 i
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   64,172 i   72,538 i   96,789 i   79,257 i   65,556 i   42,585 i   34,663 i   35,624 i   33,628 i   31,854 i
        Atmospheric science and meteorology   7,110 i   11,587 i   14,132 i   11,368 i   10,436 i   6,390 i   4,346 i   4,206 i   3,083 i   3,024 i
        Geological and earth sciences   37,158 i   29,977 i   41,157 i   34,126 i   26,228 i   13,018 i   11,304 i   11,856 i   10,171 i   8,978 i
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences   6,803 i   23,174 i   31,292 i   24,357 i   16,698 i   8,842 i   5,757 i   5,688 i   4,729 i   4,637 i
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec   13,101 i   7,800 i   10,208 i   9,406 i   12,194 i   14,335 i   13,256 i   13,874 i   15,645 i   15,215 i
      Life sciences   1,347,690 i   1,264,589 i   1,179,546 i   1,069,865 i   1,047,668 i   1,053,401 i   991,451 i   954,186 i   904,527 i   867,715 i
        Agricultural sciences   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i
        Biological and biomedical sciences   399,360 i   379,802 i   358,980 i   350,122 i   311,295 i   326,327 i   288,079 i   289,980 i   295,388 i   237,881 i
        Health sciences   948,314 i   884,787 i   820,566 i   719,743 i   736,373 i   727,074 i   703,372 i   664,206 i   609,139 i   565,915 i
        Natural resources and conservation   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0
        Life sciences nec   16 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   63,919 i
      Mathematics and statistics   263,313 i   230,354 i   141,477 i   117,429 i   105,774 i   85,874 i   78,432 i   59,511 i   55,510 i   47,552 i
      Physical sciences   355,793 i   332,727 i   317,282 i   338,454 i   390,245 i   323,619 i   243,916 i   189,415 i   181,885 i   167,009 i
        Astronomy and astrophysics   23,115 i   22,326 i   31,863 i   63,207 i   96,033 i   80,768 i   41,913 i   30,839 i   25,075 i   27,879 i
        Chemistry   31,005 i   26,888 i   25,673 i   24,078 i   25,946 i   24,180 i   23,237 i   23,404 i   25,874 i   21,871 i
        Materials science   3,388 i   3,462 i   4,402 i   4,977 i   4,300 i   4,682 i   4,881 i   6,154 i   5,717 i   0
        Physics   266,947 i   257,687 i   234,921 i   223,991 i   232,583 i   183,818 i   150,439 i   96,487 i   102,748 i   97,805 i
        Physical sciences nec   31,338 i   22,364 i   20,423 i   22,201 i   31,383 i   30,171 i   23,446 i   32,531 i   22,471 i   19,454 i
      Psychology   8,125 i   8,378 i   7,744 i   6,201 i   5,918 i   4,995 i   3,702 i   3,753 i   4,934 i   3,663 i
      Social sciences   9,137 i   11,336 i   9,118 i   5,305 i   6,221 i   8,923 i   7,417 i   10,368 i   9,130 i   11,034 i
        Anthropology   74 i   96 i   217 i   54 i   8 i   24 i   45 i   46 i   31 i   0
        Economics   770 i   463 i   244 i   36 i   51 i   121 i   88 i   97 i   36 i   440 i
        Political science and government   279 i   229 i   168 i   165 i   202 i   107 i   79 i   0 i   86 i   109 i
        Sociology, demography, and population studies   6,282 i   9,117 i   6,482 i   2,907 i   5,116 i   7,379 i   6,379 i   9,656 i   8,513 i   10,201 i
        Social sciences nec   1,732 i   1,431 i   2,007 i   2,143 i   844 i   1,292 i   826 i   569 i   464 i   284 i
      Sciences nec   50,210 i   64,191 i   63,353 i   50,406 i   50,959 i   46,775 i   47,209 i   68,800 i   66,935 i   54,640 i
    Engineering   1,712,148 i   1,493,689 i   1,324,646 i   1,237,980 i   1,205,632 i   1,147,335 i   1,087,478 i   1,080,021 i   1,026,629 i   991,937 i
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   253,893 i   196,236 i   164,961 i   148,593 i   132,651 i   121,043 i   112,969 i   114,109 i   94,319 i   84,382 i
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering   99,222 i   90,639 i   82,261 i   69,477 i   59,419 i   52,304 i   47,584 i   42,519 i   38,587 i   37,798 i
      Chemical engineering   38,830 i   26,307 i   24,980 i   21,053 i   22,153 i   20,532 i   16,116 i   16,548 i   15,522 i   11,741 i
      Civil engineering   19,376 i   20,189 i   18,090 i   16,577 i   16,831 i   19,363 i   18,068 i   16,225 i   15,268 i   19,377 i
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering   827,917 i   624,367 i   567,218 i   549,900 i   547,044 i   536,637 i   531,447 i   534,573 i   471,346 i   459,635 i
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering   92,579 i   117,095 i   100,873 i   99,189 i   99,394 i   96,682 i   87,115 i   762 i   0 i   0
      Mechanical engineering   307,487 i   268,430 i   247,082 i   225,086 i   224,716 i   208,582 i   185,333 i   182,172 i   161,975 i   151,893 i
      Metallurgical and materials engineering   27,459 i   46,404 i   37,033 i   32,038 i   29,331 i   24,664 i   22,846 i   18,885 i   15,873 i   11,081 i
      Engineering nec   45,385 i   104,022 i   82,148 i   76,067 i   74,093 i   67,528 i   66,000 i   154,228 i   213,739 i   216,030 i
    Non-S&E   15,912 i   13,955 i   10,120 i   6,448 i   5,825 i   4,156 i   4,881 i   5,666 i   5,981 i   6,622 i
      Business management and business administration   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i
      Communication and communications technologies   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   479 i
      Education   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i
      Humanities   15,798 i   13,819 i   9,994 i   6,255 i   5,696 i   4,096 i   4,738 i   5,434 i   5,621 i   6,143 i
      Law   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i
      Social work   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i
      Visual and performing arts   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i   0 i
      Non-S&E nec   114 i   136 i   126 i   193 i   129 i   60 i   143 i   232 i   360 i   0 i

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • Johns Hopkins University includes Applied Physics Laboratory, with $1,909,094 thousand in total R&D expenditures in FY 2020.
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Total R&D expenditures, by source of funds and R&D field: 2024
(Dollars in thousands)
Field All R&D expenditures Federal government State and local government Institution funds Business Nonprofit organizations All other sources
  All R&D fields   4,129,264   3,618,064   10,896   185,200   133,402   177,078   4,624
    Science   2,401,204 i   1,968,649   10,327   136,515 i   123,343   159,322   3,048
      Computer and information sciences   302,764 i   292,282   28   7,832 i   2,017   557   48
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   64,172 i   57,547   360   4,558 i   283   1,408   16
        Atmospheric science and meteorology   7,110 i   6,604   0   477 i   29   0   0
        Geological and earth sciences   37,158 i   34,160   0   2,442 i   226   314   16
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences   6,803 i   6,317   0   458 i   28   0   0
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec   13,101 i   10,466   360   1,181 i   0   1,094   0
      Life sciences   1,347,690 i   962,169   9,939   103,390 i   119,269   150,462   2,461
        Agricultural sciences   0 i   0   0   0 i   0   0   0
        Biological and biomedical sciences   399,360 i   299,415   653   28,005 i   29,620   41,143   524
        Health sciences   948,314 i   662,739   9,286   75,384 i   89,649   109,319   1,937
        Natural resources and conservation   0 i   0   0   0 i   0   0   0
        Life sciences nec   16 i   15   0   1 i   0   0   0
      Mathematics and statistics   263,313 i   256,137   0   6,317 i   461   343   55
      Physical sciences   355,793 i   339,814   0   12,058 i   989   2,831   101
        Astronomy and astrophysics   23,115 i   21,525   0   1,389 i   83   118   0
        Chemistry   31,005 i   28,692   0   1,403 i   436   474   0
        Materials science   3,388 i   3,086   0   271 i   0   31   0
        Physics   266,947 i   257,176   0   6,992 i   470   2,208   101
        Physical sciences nec   31,338 i   29,335   0   2,003 i   0   0   0
      Psychology   8,125 i   7,302   0   557 i   0   266   0
      Social sciences   9,137 i   6,492   0   320 i   124   1,834   367
        Anthropology   74 i   27   0   4 i   0   43   0
        Economics   770 i   26   0   40 i   0   704   0
        Political science and government   279 i   0   0   15 i   0   260   4
        Sociology, demography, and population studies   6,282 i   5,714   0   169 i   0   399   0
        Social sciences nec   1,732 i   725   0   92 i   124   428   363
      Sciences nec   50,210 i   46,906   0   1,483 i   200   1,621   0
    Engineering   1,712,148 i   1,645,349   214   48,371 i   9,115   7,601   1,498
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   253,893 i   247,390   5   5,969 i   450   0   79
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering   99,222 i   85,271   178   5,936 i   3,949   3,674   214
      Chemical engineering   38,830 i   36,258   1   1,523 i   779   260   9
      Civil engineering   19,376 i   17,305   4   853 i   530   539   145
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering   827,917 i   804,740   17   20,585 i   1,776   550   249
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering   92,579 i   90,208   2   2,176 i   164   0   29
      Mechanical engineering   307,487 i   297,199   6   8,233 i   702   642   705
      Metallurgical and materials engineering   27,459 i   22,941   0   1,853 i   694   1,916   55
      Engineering nec   45,385 i   44,037   1   1,243 i   71   20   13
    Non-S&E   15,912 i   4,066   355   314 i   944   10,155   78
      Business management and business administration   0 i   0   0   0 i   0   0   0
      Communication and communications technologies   0 i   0   0   0 i   0   0   0
      Education   0 i   0   0   0 i   0   0   0
      Humanities   15,798 i   4,066   355   314 i   944   10,041   78
      Law   0 i   0   0   0 i   0   0   0
      Social work   0 i   0   0   0 i   0   0   0
      Visual and performing arts   0 i   0   0   0 i   0   0   0
      Non-S&E nec   114 i   0   0   0 i   0   114   0

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • Johns Hopkins University includes Applied Physics Laboratory, with $1,909,094 thousand in total R&D expenditures in FY 2020.
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Federally funded R&D expenditures, by federal agency: 2024–15
(Dollars in thousands)
Source of funds 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
Federal Agencies   3,618,064   3,324,551   2,971,816   2,774,643   2,682,410   2,482,130   2,251,097   2,178,605   2,104,653   1,992,837
  DOD   1,835,055   1,628,821   1,476,638   1,459,350   1,373,241   1,262,988   1,108,578   1,097,143   1,037,685   794,397
  DOE   15,165   11,671   12,785   11,697   12,481   8,315   7,458   8,908   9,125   8,003
  HHS   984,943   919,852   844,336   722,250   693,055   673,751   651,656   626,049   618,525   584,834
  NASA   523,768   515,047   426,124   368,276   382,439   312,073   264,837   234,446   252,470   213,697
  NSF   45,761   40,834   38,498   36,823   36,694   37,180   39,487   37,943   37,379   33,967
  USDA   4,849   3,553   1,226   1,284   1,517   1,309   975   825   537   1,111
  Other   208,523   204,773   172,209   174,963   182,983   186,514   178,106   173,291   148,932   356,828

NOTE:
  • Johns Hopkins University includes Applied Physics Laboratory, with $1,909,094 thousand in total R&D expenditures in FY 2020.
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Headcount of R&D personnel: 2024–18 [temporarily discontinued]
Year
2024   .   .   .   .
2023   .   .   .   .
2022   .   .   .   .
2021   .   .   .   .
2020   .   .   .   .
2019   25,423 i   3,532 i   21,891 i   .
2018   22,548 i   2,999 i   19,549 i   .

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • Johns Hopkins University includes Applied Physics Laboratory, with $1,909,094 thousand in total R&D expenditures in FY 2020.
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field: 2023–14
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space 2023 2021 2019 2017 2015
  All research space   3,704   3,443   2,978   3,267   3,548
    Agricultural sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Biological and biomedical sciences   684   689   639   776   745
    Computer and information sciences   199   158   202   153   344
    Engineering   1,362   1,192   869   1,062   1,131
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   33   41   20   19   20
    Health sciences   600   645   636   878   900
    Mathematics and statistics   22   31   14   15   15
    Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   0   0
    Physical sciences   404   343   377   169   300
    Psychology   90   74   51   46   45
    Social sciences   68   58   37   37   35
    Other   242   212   133   113   14

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

New construction of science and engineering research space, by field and time of construction: 2025–16
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space   597,060   0   1,705   143,010   0
    Agricultural sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Biological and biomedical sciences   290,190   0   0   4,000   0
    Computer and information sciences   0   0   0   1,780   0
    Engineering   158,701   0   1,705   98,397   0
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Health sciences   23,000   0   0   0   0
    Mathematics and statistics   0   0   0   0   0
    Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   0   0
    Physical sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Psychology   0   0   0   0   0
    Social sciences   29,920   0   0   0   0
    Other   95,249   0   0   38,833   0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

Costs for repair and renovation of science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field and time of repair and renovation: 2025–16
(Dollars in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space   62,133   55,163   38,999   10,438   22,604
    Agricultural sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Biological and biomedical sciences   18,204   8,073   14,020   10,438   6,391
    Computer and information sciences   0   3,514   9,703   0   8,114
    Engineering   10,440   30,841   12,689   0   6,153
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Health sciences   8,092   5,672   0   0   351
    Mathematics and statistics   0   0   0   0   0
    Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   0   0
    Physical sciences   1,397   2,190   0   0   0
    Psychology   0   0   0   0   0
    Social sciences   0   0   0   0   757
    Other   24,000   4,873   2,587   0   839

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

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