U. California, Santa Cruz

Rankings

Data year Earned doctorates Full-time graduate students Total R&D expenditures
Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked
2023 90 80.8 459 108 84.4 679 109 82.2 602 138 85.1 914
2022 95 79.6 457 102 85.3 680 140 84.7 900
2021 102 77.6 447 95 86.5 691 108 81.8 583 142 84.6 908
2020 112 75.5 450 95 86.6 698 142 84.7 916
2019 103 77.4 447 99 86.1 697 111 81.5 589 144 84.5 914
2018 116 73.3 428 105 85.3 700 144 84.4 911
2017 114 73.6 425 100 85.6 684 101 82.8 575 143 84.3 898
2016 106 75.8 430 112 84.2 697 128 86 896
2015 118 72.8 426 129 81.7 693 96 83.5 570 122 86.6 898
2014 103 76 422 130 81.4 688 123 86.4 889
NOTES:
  • 1. See TableBuilder for the prior year data.
  • 2. Blank white cells indicate data not available, not applicable, or institution not eligible for survey.
  • 3. Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

Data

Number of earned doctorates, by trend major field of study of recipients: 2023–14
Fields 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All fields 228 206 167 150 190 157 166 174 148 175
  Science and engineering 184 171 139 133 167 129 142 148 123 146
    Agricultural sciences and natural resources 7 2 8 2 7 2 3 4 5 4
      Agricultural sciences 2 . . . 1 . . . 1 .
      Natural resources and conservation 5 2 8 2 6 2 3 4 4 4
    Biological and biomedical sciences 51 44 32 33 31 23 30 35 32 37
      Biochemistry and biophysics 4 5 2 5 2 3 5 3 5 4
      Biology and biomedical sciences, general 4 2 . 3 . . 2 5 . 1
      Bioinformatics, biostatistics, and computational biology 10 11 5 7 6 3 5 4 7 4
      Cellular and developmental biology, and anatomy 1 . . . 1 1 2 2 3 5
      Ecology, evolutionary biology, and epidemiology 13 8 10 9 15 9 8 13 11 12
      Genetics and genomics 3 3 . 3 . 1 1 . . 3
      Microbiology and immunology 3 4 1 2 2 2 3 2 3 1
      Molecular biology 11 9 9 2 2 2 2 4 1 4
      Neurobiology and neurosciences . 1 3 . 1 . 1 1 . 1
      Pharmacology and toxicology 1 . 1 . 1 1 . 1 . 1
      Physiology, pathology, and cancer biology 1 . 1 . . . 1 . . 1
      Biology and biomedical sciences, other . 1 . 2 1 1 . . 2 .
    Computer and information sciences 15 16 9 10 21 11 17 17 5 11
      Computer science 10 12 7 8 18 10 15 14 5 10
      Computer and information sciences, other 5 4 2 2 3 1 2 3 . 1
    Engineering 19 23 13 11 13 10 18 8 17 8
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering . . . . . . . . 1 .
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering . . 1 . 1 1 . . 2 .
      Electrical and computer engineering 16 19 9 10 9 9 16 6 12 7
      Industrial engineering and operations research . 1 . . . . . 1 . .
      Materials and mining engineering 1 . 1 1 1 . 2 1 . .
      Mechanical engineering 2 2 . . 2 . . . 2 1
      Engineering, other . 1 2 . . . . . . .
    Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 15 9 8 13 12 9 14 15 10 15
      Geological sciences 4 4 1 7 9 4 8 9 3 7
      Ocean, marine, and atmospheric sciences 11 5 7 6 3 5 6 6 7 8
    Health sciences 1 . 1 . . . . 2 . .
      Pharmaceutical sciences . . 1 . . . . . . .
      Public health . . . . . . . 2 . .
      Health sciences, other 1 . . . . . . . . .
    Mathematics and statistics 13 13 8 15 11 17 4 6 9 10
      Applied mathematics 5 4 . 1 3 2 1 3 2 2
      Mathematics 2 . . 1 3 9 . 1 4 5
      Statistics 3 5 2 4 1 5 . 2 3 3
      Mathematics and statistics, other 3 4 6 9 4 1 3 . . .
    Physical sciences 24 26 27 23 31 13 22 25 21 20
      Astronomy and astrophysics 5 10 9 5 10 2 5 10 5 6
      Chemistry 9 9 12 6 14 6 12 8 7 7
      Physics 10 7 6 12 7 5 5 7 9 7
    Psychology 9 8 9 3 13 4 11 10 3 8
      Research and experimental psychology 6 7 8 3 12 4 10 10 3 8
      Psychology, other 3 1 1 . 1 . 1 . . .
    Social sciences 30 30 24 23 28 40 23 26 21 33
      Anthropology 4 3 5 . 8 7 3 5 3 11
      Economics 7 11 6 5 10 12 9 11 11 10
      Political science and government 5 2 1 4 5 8 3 2 2 2
      Sociology, demography, and population studies 5 2 6 4 1 3 4 4 4 2
      Social sciences, other 9 12 6 10 4 10 4 4 1 8
  Non-science and engineering 44 35 28 17 23 28 24 26 25 29
    Business . . 3 . . . 1 1 . 1
      Business . . 3 . . . 1 1 . 1
    Education 8 5 3 . 4 3 1 6 3 5
      Education leadership and administration . . . . . . . . 1 .
      Education research 2 . . . 2 . . 1 . 2
      Teacher education and teaching fields 2 . 1 . 1 . . 1 2 3
      Education, other 4 5 2 . 1 3 1 4 . .
    Humanities and arts 33 29 21 16 19 24 20 16 22 23
      Letters 7 6 2 4 4 7 6 7 9 11
      Foreign languages and literature 1 1 1 . . . . 1 . .
      History 9 4 5 3 2 6 5 4 6 7
      Philosophy and religious studies 2 4 2 5 2 1 2 1 1 2
      Music and performing arts 1 1 5 1 5 3 4 2 2 .
      Humanities and arts, other 13 13 6 3 6 7 3 1 4 3
    Other non-science and engineering 3 1 1 1 . 1 2 3 . .
      Communication 3 1 1 1 . 1 2 2 . .
      Non-science and engineering, other . . . . . . . 1 . .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2023–14
All races 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
    Male 886 890 873 818 i 841 i 830 852 843 714 675
    Female 699 690 676 613 i 620 i 609 583 539 505 488
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents 1,004 1,023 1,053 1,025 i 1,034 i 1,017 968 938 872 892
    Hispanic or Latino 214 194 187 146 i 146 i 145 145 131 114 113
    Not Hispanic or Latino 751 794 816 809 i 817 i 801 756 643 682 704
      American Indian or Alaska Native 0 2 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 2 0 4
      Asian 183 148 129 113 i 114 i 113 112 83 68 89
      Black or African American 28 21 29 18 i 18 i 18 19 13 14 13
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 1 1
      White 479 551 597 617 i 623 i 608 566 483 552 547
      More than one race 61 72 61 61 i 62 i 62 59 62 47 50
    Unknown ethnicity and race 39 35 50 70 i 71 i 71 67 164 76 75
  Temporary visa holders 581 557 496 406 i 427 i 422 467 444 347 271
  Science and engineering 1,585 1,580 1,549 1,431 i 1,461 i 1,439 1,435 1,382 1,219 1,163
    Science 1,480 1,475 1,450 1,226 i 1,240 i 1,215 1,176 1,148 1,040 1,000
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 39 45 47
      Biological and biomedical sciences 278 283 280 265 i 262 i 254 230 222 188 184
      Communication 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 426 398 372 160 i 166 i 158 176 192 146 148
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 88 81 92 101 i 101 i 103 82 85 97 95
      Mathematics and statistics 114 109 122 116 i 120 i 122 116 108 89 81
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 50 33 11 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 51 56 55 52 i 52 i 51 41 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 205 224 226 224 i 226 i 221 211 197 171 168
      Psychology 64 69 64 66 i 66 i 62 67 64 57 57
      Social sciences 204 222 228 242 i 247 i 244 253 241 247 220
    Engineering 105 105 99 205 i 221 i 224 259 234 179 163
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 105 105 99 200 i 216 i 219 250 225 172 153
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 5 i 5 i 5 9 9 7 10
      Mechanical engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
    Clinical medicine 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
    Other health 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Part-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2023–14
All races 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
    Male 24 18 32 46 i 43 i 42 39 48 42 36
    Female 20 16 16 16 i 16 i 16 16 18 11 8
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents 37 28 43 40 i 39 i 39 32 44 42 39
    Hispanic or Latino 6 3 4 5 i 5 i 5 6 4 5 2
    Not Hispanic or Latino 27 22 37 33 i 32 i 32 25 16 35 33
      American Indian or Alaska Native 0 0 0 1 i 1 i 1 0 0 0 0
      Asian 9 7 7 7 i 7 i 7 9 4 12 11
      Black or African American 0 0 1 1 i 1 i 1 1 0 1 1
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      White 18 14 28 23 i 22 i 22 13 11 21 21
      More than one race 0 1 1 1 i 1 i 1 2 1 1 0
    Unknown ethnicity and race 4 3 2 2 i 2 i 2 1 24 2 4
  Temporary visa holders 7 6 5 22 i 20 i 19 23 22 11 5
  Science and engineering 44 34 48 62 i 59 i 58 55 66 53 44
    Science 36 28 40 32 i 31 i 30 32 41 29 22
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 8 2 5 1 i 1 i 1 0 2 3 2
      Communication 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 16 16 21 19 i 18 i 17 24 22 14 10
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 1 1 3 3 i 3 i 3 1 5 1 0
      Mathematics and statistics 6 3 6 4 i 4 i 4 1 4 3 4
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 1 1 i 1 i 1 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 3 3 2 0 i 0 i 0 1 1 0 0
      Psychology 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 1 1 1
      Social sciences 2 3 2 4 i 4 i 4 5 6 7 5
    Engineering 8 6 8 30 i 28 i 28 23 25 24 22
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 8 6 8 28 i 26 i 26 21 23 23 21
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 2 i 2 i 2 2 2 1 1
      Mechanical engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
    Clinical medicine 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
    Other health 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health receiving primary support from federal sources, by field: 2023–14
Field 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All surveyed fields 330 355 377 269 i 268 i 264 248 243 295 229
  Science and engineering 330 355 377 269 i 268 i 264 248 243 295 229
    Science 301 325 349 243 i 242 i 238 222 219 256 201
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 1 7 14
      Biological and biomedical sciences 115 109 121 86 i 84 i 82 77 69 84 62
      Communication 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 48 66 64 19 i 19 i 18 17 19 23 28
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 39 38 40 41 i 41 i 42 34 41 46 30
      Mathematics and statistics 9 11 16 14 i 14 i 14 14 15 11 8
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 2 1 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 6 8 9 3 i 3 i 3 3 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 76 81 84 74 i 75 i 73 71 67 68 43
      Psychology 2 4 2 2 i 2 i 2 2 5 5 4
      Social sciences 6 6 12 4 i 4 i 4 4 2 12 12
    Engineering 29 30 28 26 i 26 i 26 26 24 39 28
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 29 30 28 24 i 24 i 24 23 22 36 24
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 2 i 2 i 2 3 2 3 4
      Mechanical engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
  Health 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
    Clinical medicine 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
    Other health 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by type and primary source of support: 2023–14
Type and primary source of support 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All types and sources of support 1,585 1,580 1,549 1,431 i 1,461 i 1,439 1,435 1,382 1,219 1,163
  Fellowships 371 391 188 17 i 17 i 17 16 185 396 249
    Federal 63 48 15 3 i 3 i 3 3 2 93 61
    Institutional 286 333 173 14 i 14 i 14 13 180 288 186
    Nonfederal 22 10 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 3 15 2
  Research assistantships 389 446 614 465 i 463 i 450 423 272 260 333
    Federal 262 266 330 218 i 217 i 213 199 233 162 163
    Institutional 95 133 233 181 i 181 i 175 167 0 49 110
    Nonfederal 32 47 51 66 i 65 i 62 57 39 49 60
  Teaching assistantships 672 596 640 290 i 295 i 292 297 359 391 472
    Federal 2 19 32 23 i 23 i 23 22 8 31 3
    Institutional 670 571 608 260 i 265 i 262 267 345 333 468
    Nonfederal 0 6 0 7 i 7 i 7 8 6 27 1
  Other types of support 153 147 107 659 i 686 i 680 699 566 172 109
    Federal 3 22 0 25 i 25 i 25 24 0 9 2
    Institutional 1 0 0 109 i 112 i 111 107 0 0 2
    Nonfederal 4 3 0 11 i 11 i 11 11 0 2 4
    Personal resources 145 122 107 514 i 538 i 533 557 566 161 101

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Postdoctorates in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2023–14
All races 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
  Science and engineering 165 146 129 139 i 139 i 135 136 136 125 120
    Science 154 137 125 130 i 130 i 126 126 126 120 117
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 3 3 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 57 45 47 48 i 48 i 47 56 56 53 43
      Communication 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 4 6 4 2 i 2 i 2 3 3 0 2
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 42 36 20 21 i 21 i 20 20 20 24 24
      Mathematics and statistics 4 5 0 3 i 3 i 3 1 1 2 4
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 2 4 4 4 i 4 i 4 3 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 38 34 44 46 i 46 i 44 37 37 35 40
      Psychology 2 2 1 1 i 1 i 1 0 0 0 1
      Social sciences 5 5 5 5 i 5 i 5 6 6 3 3
    Engineering 11 9 4 9 i 9 i 9 10 10 5 3
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 11 9 4 9 i 9 i 9 9 9 5 3
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 1 1 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
    Clinical medicine 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
    Other health 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Federally supported science, engineering, and health postdoctorates, by field: 2023–14
Field 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All surveyed fields 100 77 83 92 i 92 i 88 85 85 74 73
  Science and engineering 100 77 83 92 i 92 i 88 85 85 74 73
    Science 90 73 79 86 i 86 i 82 76 76 71 72
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 1 2 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 36 28 32 33 i 33 i 32 36 36 31 25
      Communication 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 1 1 2 2 i 2 i 2 0 0 0 1
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 26 24 12 13 i 13 i 12 12 12 10 12
      Mathematics and statistics 2 1 0 3 i 3 i 3 0 0 1 4
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 1 2 1 1 i 1 i 1 1 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 22 16 30 32 i 32 i 30 25 25 25 30
      Psychology 2 1 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Social sciences 0 0 2 2 i 2 i 2 2 2 2 0
    Engineering 10 4 4 6 i 6 i 6 9 9 3 1
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 10 4 4 6 i 6 i 6 8 8 3 1
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 1 1 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
  Health 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
    Clinical medicine 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
    Other health 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Total R&D expenditures, by field: 2023–14
(Dollars in thousands)
Field 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
  All R&D fields 203,883 176,760 160,615 150,400 142,958 127,538 124,344 151,192 151,713 151,734
    Science 137,083 116,229 107,263 105,019 99,344 93,497 86,321 84,306 86,680 87,699
      Computer and information sciences 8,695 5,441 5,128 5,009 4,401 4,235 3,225 3,155 3,424 3,527
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 39,967 35,788 31,217 29,389 26,570 24,348 22,218 20,731 22,232 23,449
        Atmospheric science and meteorology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Geological and earth sciences 9,302 7,990 7,476 7,332 6,667 6,651 5,997 4,890 4,739 5,667
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences 21,214 19,192 17,662 15,676 14,043 11,715 10,030 10,190 11,337 11,582
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec 9,451 8,606 6,079 6,381 5,860 5,982 6,191 5,651 6,156 6,200
      Life sciences 34,549 30,133 28,302 27,565 26,486 25,002 25,493 23,177 22,706 21,776
        Agricultural sciences 3,576 3,304 3,252 3,247 2,724 3,052 2,787 2,386 2,147 1,839
        Biological and biomedical sciences 30,973 26,829 25,050 24,318 23,762 21,950 22,706 20,791 20,559 19,937
        Health sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Life sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mathematics and statistics 605 348 156 236 303 387 481 458 556 699
      Physical sciences 43,696 37,808 35,606 36,262 32,576 29,547 27,698 30,051 30,254 30,510
        Astronomy and astrophysics 20,609 19,752 17,827 18,690 14,779 14,889 13,797 12,788 13,364 14,191
        Chemistry 14,697 11,059 10,689 10,478 10,719 6,840 6,322 9,547 7,785 6,690
        Materials science 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Physics 8,099 6,876 6,919 6,991 7,057 7,803 7,496 7,542 8,929 9,443
        Physical sciences nec 291 121 171 103 21 15 83 174 176 186
      Psychology 1,226 682 868 487 721 854 813 759 614 377
      Social sciences 7,665 5,793 5,411 5,724 6,908 6,886 4,947 4,425 3,622 3,721
        Anthropology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Economics 938 607 413 323 810 497 186 573 449 261
        Political science and government 374 340 251 179 186 357 104 270 76 153
        Sociology, demography, and population studies 1,618 1,050 1,503 1,564 1,501 2,083 1,416 1,062 777 887
        Social sciences nec 4,735 3,796 3,244 3,658 4,411 3,949 3,241 2,520 2,320 2,420
      Sciences nec 680 236 575 347 1,379 2,238 1,446 1,550 3,272 3,640
    Engineering 57,256 55,542 49,576 41,752 39,111 29,724 33,669 61,931 60,838 59,837
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 23,983 0
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 1,148 1,439 1,354 1,549 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Civil engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering 7,606 6,933 5,136 3,918 2,805 2,136 3,023 3,093 2,924 3,479
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Metallurgical and materials engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Engineering nec 48,502 47,170 43,086 36,285 36,306 27,588 30,646 58,838 33,931 56,358
    Non-S&E 9,544 4,989 3,776 3,629 4,503 4,317 4,354 4,955 4,195 4,198
      Business management and business administration 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Communication and communications technologies 288 133 179 162 73 147 75 0 0 0
      Education 1,184 393 254 387 608 857 1,168 1,583 1,661 1,653
      Humanities 4,874 3,088 2,378 2,283 2,850 2,299 1,880 2,278 1,856 1,734
      Law 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Social work 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Visual and performing arts 3,198 1,375 965 797 972 1,014 1,231 1,094 678 811
      Non-S&E nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Total R&D expenditures, by source of funds and R&D field: 2023
(Dollars in thousands)
Field All R&D expenditures Federal government State and local government Institution funds Business Nonprofit organizations All other sources
  All R&D fields 203,883 112,847 6,863 51,368 7,591 18,454 6,760
    Science 137,083 69,536 6,331 37,328 4,613 13,876 5,399
      Computer and information sciences 8,695 3,928 3 2,354 911 862 637
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 39,967 21,751 4,697 8,157 686 3,325 1,351
        Atmospheric science and meteorology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Geological and earth sciences 9,302 5,416 163 2,870 320 163 370
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences 21,214 11,075 3,303 3,525 263 2,659 389
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec 9,451 5,260 1,231 1,762 103 503 592
      Life sciences 34,549 20,473 1,467 7,422 890 3,619 678
        Agricultural sciences 3,576 128 57 2,280 312 651 148
        Biological and biomedical sciences 30,973 20,345 1,410 5,142 578 2,968 530
        Health sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Life sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mathematics and statistics 605 203 1 278 0 123 0
      Physical sciences 43,696 22,072 27 14,363 1,193 4,051 1,990
        Astronomy and astrophysics 20,609 5,244 0 10,452 226 3,680 1,007
        Chemistry 14,697 10,702 26 2,198 830 100 841
        Materials science 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Physics 8,099 6,051 0 1,498 137 271 142
        Physical sciences nec 291 75 1 215 0 0 0
      Psychology 1,226 290 0 649 49 172 66
      Social sciences 7,665 819 136 3,570 837 1,647 656
        Anthropology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Economics 938 312 0 433 27 166 0
        Political science and government 374 13 136 204 21 0 0
        Sociology, demography, and population studies 1,618 99 0 832 23 538 126
        Social sciences nec 4,735 395 0 2,101 766 943 530
      Sciences nec 680 0 0 535 47 77 21
    Engineering 57,256 42,217 524 8,492 2,805 2,593 625
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 1,148 0 0 664 310 0 174
      Chemical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Civil engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering 7,606 5,640 2 1,494 98 334 38
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Metallurgical and materials engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Engineering nec 48,502 36,577 522 6,334 2,397 2,259 413
    Non-S&E 9,544 1,094 8 5,548 173 1,985 736
      Business management and business administration 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Communication and communications technologies 288 0 0 24 74 190 0
      Education 1,184 811 0 311 0 28 34
      Humanities 4,874 231 7 3,475 50 524 587
      Law 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Social work 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Visual and performing arts 3,198 52 1 1,738 49 1,243 115
      Non-S&E nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Federally funded R&D expenditures, by federal agency: 2023–14
(Dollars in thousands)
Source of funds 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
Federal Agencies 112,847 107,082 86,263 76,468 74,669 63,197 66,563 95,294 92,870 90,858
  DOD 9,431 9,210 5,925 4,135 3,108 2,892 2,154 1,765 1,909 2,205
  DOE 6,895 5,545 4,963 4,289 4,515 3,819 4,383 2,859 2,949 3,784
  HHS 56,807 54,726 44,933 37,603 39,291 30,696 30,383 30,443 28,979 25,054
  NASA 5,617 6,264 3,638 3,449 3,076 3,126 6,016 35,274 30,169 30,388
  NSF 21,029 17,315 13,870 15,818 13,815 13,571 14,807 15,220 18,711 19,838
  USDA 1,354 1,635 1,306 951 1,233 1,064 753 1,107 1,220 1,066
  Other 11,714 12,387 11,628 10,223 9,631 8,029 8,067 8,626 8,933 8,523

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Headcount of R&D personnel: 2023–17 [temporarily discontinued]
Year
2023 . . . .
2022 . . . .
2021 . . . .
2020 . . . .
2019 2,319 242 2,077 .
2018 2,297 240 2,057 .
2017 2,299 254 2,045 .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field: 2023–14
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space 2023 2021 2019 2017 2015
  All research space 678 664 642 644 658
    Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Biological and biomedical sciences 140 111 111 122 123
    Computer and information sciences 25 8 7 22 19
    Engineering 96 117 104 102 104
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 132 135 125 107 121
    Health sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Mathematics and statistics 14 12 12 9 9
    Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0
    Physical sciences 176 179 178 175 176
    Psychology 24 24 25 26 25
    Social sciences 53 51 52 53 52
    Other 19 28 28 28 28

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

New construction of science and engineering research space, by field and time of construction: 2025–16
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

Costs for repair and renovation of science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field and time of repair and renovation: 2025–16
(Dollars in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space 7,000 19,095 14,861 2,698 40,191
    Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Biological and biomedical sciences 3,500 13,525 0 0 2,418
    Computer and information sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Engineering 3,500 550 12,776 361 12,901
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 0 2,120 1,484 0 4,161
    Health sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Mathematics and statistics 0 0 0 0 0
    Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0
    Physical sciences 0 2,200 601 1,581 15,915
    Psychology 0 0 0 0 2,300
    Social sciences 0 700 0 757 1,949
    Other 0 0 0 0 547

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

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