U. California, Santa Cruz

Rankings

Data year Earned doctorates Full-time graduate students Total R&D expenditures Research space
Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked
2024 99 78.8 459 139 85.2 925
2023 90 80.8 459 108 84.4 679 138 85.1 911 109 82.2 602
2022 95 79.6 457 102 85.3 680 140 84.7 900
2021 102 77.6 447 95 86.5 691 142 84.6 908 108 81.8 583
2020 112 75.5 450 95 86.6 698 142 84.7 916
2019 103 77.4 447 99 86.1 697 144 84.5 914 111 81.5 589
2018 116 73.3 428 105 85.3 700 144 84.4 911
2017 114 73.6 425 100 85.6 684 143 84.3 898 101 82.8 575
2016 106 75.8 430 112 84.2 697 128 86 896
2015 118 72.8 426 129 81.7 693 122 86.6 898 96 83.5 570
2014 130 81.4 688
NOTES:
  • 1. See TableBuilder for the prior year data.
  • 2. Blank white cells indicate data not available, not applicable, or institution not eligible for survey.
  • 3. Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

Data

Number of earned doctorates, by trend major field of study of recipients: 2024–15
Fields 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All fields 198 227 206 167 150 190 157 166 174 148
  Science and engineering 166 183 171 139 133 167 129 142 148 123
    Agricultural sciences and natural resources 4 7 2 8 2 7 2 3 4 5
      Agricultural sciences . 2 . . . 1 . . . 1
      Natural resources and conservation 4 5 2 8 2 6 2 3 4 4
    Biological and biomedical sciences 41 51 44 32 33 31 23 30 35 32
      Biochemistry and biophysics 7 4 5 2 5 2 3 5 3 5
      Biology and biomedical sciences, general . 4 2 . 3 . . 2 5 .
      Bioinformatics, biostatistics, and computational biology 9 10 11 5 7 6 3 5 4 7
      Cellular and developmental biology, and anatomy . 1 . . . 1 1 2 2 3
      Ecology, evolutionary biology, and epidemiology 8 13 8 10 9 15 9 8 13 11
      Genetics and genomics . 3 3 . 3 . 1 1 . .
      Microbiology and immunology 4 3 4 1 2 2 2 3 2 3
      Molecular biology 12 11 9 9 2 2 2 2 4 1
      Neurobiology and neurosciences . . 1 3 . 1 . 1 1 .
      Pharmacology and toxicology 1 1 . 1 . 1 1 . 1 .
      Physiology, pathology, and cancer biology . 1 . 1 . . . 1 . .
      Biology and biomedical sciences, other . . 1 . 2 1 1 . . 2
    Computer and information sciences 11 15 16 9 10 21 11 17 17 5
      Computer science 7 10 12 7 8 18 10 15 14 5
      Computer and information sciences, other 4 5 4 2 2 3 1 2 3 .
    Engineering 23 19 23 13 11 13 10 18 8 17
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering . . . . . . . . . 1
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering . . . 1 . 1 1 . . 2
      Electrical and computer engineering 20 16 19 9 10 9 9 16 6 12
      Industrial engineering and operations research . . 1 . . . . . 1 .
      Materials and mining engineering 1 1 . 1 1 1 . 2 1 .
      Mechanical engineering 1 2 2 . . 2 . . . 2
      Engineering, other 1 . 1 2 . . . . . .
    Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 16 15 9 8 13 12 9 14 15 10
      Geological sciences 7 4 4 1 7 9 4 8 9 3
      Ocean, marine, and atmospheric sciences 9 11 5 7 6 3 5 6 6 7
    Health sciences . 1 . 1 . . . . 2 .
      Pharmaceutical sciences . . . 1 . . . . . .
      Public health . . . . . . . . 2 .
      Health sciences, other . 1 . . . . . . . .
    Mathematics and statistics 11 12 13 8 15 11 17 4 6 9
      Applied mathematics 5 4 4 . 1 3 2 1 3 2
      Mathematics 3 2 . . 1 3 9 . 1 4
      Statistics 1 3 5 2 4 1 5 . 2 3
      Mathematics and statistics, other 2 3 4 6 9 4 1 3 . .
    Physical sciences 28 24 26 27 23 31 13 22 25 21
      Astronomy and astrophysics 10 5 10 9 5 10 2 5 10 5
      Chemistry 10 9 9 12 6 14 6 12 8 7
      Physics 8 10 7 6 12 7 5 5 7 9
    Psychology 9 9 8 9 3 13 4 11 10 3
      Research and experimental psychology 8 6 7 8 3 12 4 10 10 3
      Psychology, other 1 3 1 1 . 1 . 1 . .
    Social sciences 23 30 30 24 23 28 40 23 26 21
      Anthropology 5 4 3 5 . 8 7 3 5 3
      Economics 5 7 11 6 5 10 12 9 11 11
      Political science and government 3 5 2 1 4 5 8 3 2 2
      Sociology, demography, and population studies 2 5 2 6 4 1 3 4 4 4
      Social sciences, other 8 9 12 6 10 4 10 4 4 1
  Non-science and engineering 32 44 35 28 17 23 28 24 26 25
    Business . . . 3 . . . 1 1 .
      Business . . . 3 . . . 1 1 .
    Education 3 8 5 3 . 4 3 1 6 3
      Education leadership and administration . . . . . . . . . 1
      Education research 1 2 . . . 2 . . 1 .
      Teacher education and teaching fields 2 2 . 1 . 1 . . 1 2
      Education, other . 4 5 2 . 1 3 1 4 .
    Humanities and arts 29 33 29 21 16 19 24 20 16 22
      Letters 5 7 6 2 4 4 7 6 7 9
      Foreign languages and literature . 1 1 1 . . . . 1 .
      History 5 9 4 5 3 2 6 5 4 6
      Philosophy and religious studies 4 2 4 2 5 2 1 2 1 1
      Music and performing arts 3 1 1 5 1 5 3 4 2 2
      Humanities and arts, other 12 13 13 6 3 6 7 3 1 4
    Other non-science and engineering . 3 1 1 1 . 1 2 3 .
      Communication . 3 1 1 1 . 1 2 2 .
      Non-science and engineering, other . . . . . . . . 1 .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2023–14
All races 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
    Male 886 890 873 818 i 841 i 830 852 843 714 675
    Female 699 690 676 613 i 620 i 609 583 539 505 488
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents 1,004 1,023 1,053 1,025 i 1,034 i 1,017 968 938 872 892
    Hispanic or Latino 214 194 187 146 i 146 i 145 145 131 114 113
    Not Hispanic or Latino 751 794 816 809 i 817 i 801 756 643 682 704
      American Indian or Alaska Native 0 2 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 2 0 4
      Asian 183 148 129 113 i 114 i 113 112 83 68 89
      Black or African American 28 21 29 18 i 18 i 18 19 13 14 13
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 1 1
      White 479 551 597 617 i 623 i 608 566 483 552 547
      More than one race 61 72 61 61 i 62 i 62 59 62 47 50
    Unknown ethnicity and race 39 35 50 70 i 71 i 71 67 164 76 75
  Temporary visa holders 581 557 496 406 i 427 i 422 467 444 347 271
  Science and engineering 1,585 1,580 1,549 1,431 i 1,461 i 1,439 1,435 1,382 1,219 1,163
    Science 1,480 1,475 1,450 1,226 i 1,240 i 1,215 1,176 1,148 1,040 1,000
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 39 45 47
      Biological and biomedical sciences 278 283 280 265 i 262 i 254 230 222 188 184
      Communication 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 426 398 372 160 i 166 i 158 176 192 146 148
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 88 81 92 101 i 101 i 103 82 85 97 95
      Mathematics and statistics 114 109 122 116 i 120 i 122 116 108 89 81
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 50 33 11 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 51 56 55 52 i 52 i 51 41 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 205 224 226 224 i 226 i 221 211 197 171 168
      Psychology 64 69 64 66 i 66 i 62 67 64 57 57
      Social sciences 204 222 228 242 i 247 i 244 253 241 247 220
    Engineering 105 105 99 205 i 221 i 224 259 234 179 163
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 105 105 99 200 i 216 i 219 250 225 172 153
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 5 i 5 i 5 9 9 7 10
      Mechanical engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
    Clinical medicine 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
    Other health 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Part-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2023–14
All races 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
    Male 24 18 32 46 i 43 i 42 39 48 42 36
    Female 20 16 16 16 i 16 i 16 16 18 11 8
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents 37 28 43 40 i 39 i 39 32 44 42 39
    Hispanic or Latino 6 3 4 5 i 5 i 5 6 4 5 2
    Not Hispanic or Latino 27 22 37 33 i 32 i 32 25 16 35 33
      American Indian or Alaska Native 0 0 0 1 i 1 i 1 0 0 0 0
      Asian 9 7 7 7 i 7 i 7 9 4 12 11
      Black or African American 0 0 1 1 i 1 i 1 1 0 1 1
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      White 18 14 28 23 i 22 i 22 13 11 21 21
      More than one race 0 1 1 1 i 1 i 1 2 1 1 0
    Unknown ethnicity and race 4 3 2 2 i 2 i 2 1 24 2 4
  Temporary visa holders 7 6 5 22 i 20 i 19 23 22 11 5
  Science and engineering 44 34 48 62 i 59 i 58 55 66 53 44
    Science 36 28 40 32 i 31 i 30 32 41 29 22
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 8 2 5 1 i 1 i 1 0 2 3 2
      Communication 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 16 16 21 19 i 18 i 17 24 22 14 10
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 1 1 3 3 i 3 i 3 1 5 1 0
      Mathematics and statistics 6 3 6 4 i 4 i 4 1 4 3 4
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 1 1 i 1 i 1 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 3 3 2 0 i 0 i 0 1 1 0 0
      Psychology 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 1 1 1
      Social sciences 2 3 2 4 i 4 i 4 5 6 7 5
    Engineering 8 6 8 30 i 28 i 28 23 25 24 22
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 8 6 8 28 i 26 i 26 21 23 23 21
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 2 i 2 i 2 2 2 1 1
      Mechanical engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
    Clinical medicine 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
    Other health 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health receiving primary support from federal sources, by field: 2023–14
Field 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All surveyed fields 330 355 377 269 i 268 i 264 248 243 295 229
  Science and engineering 330 355 377 269 i 268 i 264 248 243 295 229
    Science 301 325 349 243 i 242 i 238 222 219 256 201
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 1 7 14
      Biological and biomedical sciences 115 109 121 86 i 84 i 82 77 69 84 62
      Communication 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 48 66 64 19 i 19 i 18 17 19 23 28
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 39 38 40 41 i 41 i 42 34 41 46 30
      Mathematics and statistics 9 11 16 14 i 14 i 14 14 15 11 8
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 2 1 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 6 8 9 3 i 3 i 3 3 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 76 81 84 74 i 75 i 73 71 67 68 43
      Psychology 2 4 2 2 i 2 i 2 2 5 5 4
      Social sciences 6 6 12 4 i 4 i 4 4 2 12 12
    Engineering 29 30 28 26 i 26 i 26 26 24 39 28
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 29 30 28 24 i 24 i 24 23 22 36 24
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 2 i 2 i 2 3 2 3 4
      Mechanical engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
  Health 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
    Clinical medicine 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
    Other health 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by type and primary source of support: 2023–14
Type and primary source of support 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All types and sources of support 1,585 1,580 1,549 1,431 i 1,461 i 1,439 1,435 1,382 1,219 1,163
  Fellowships 371 391 188 17 i 17 i 17 16 185 396 249
    Federal 63 48 15 3 i 3 i 3 3 2 93 61
    Institutional 286 333 173 14 i 14 i 14 13 180 288 186
    Nonfederal 22 10 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 3 15 2
  Research assistantships 389 446 614 465 i 463 i 450 423 272 260 333
    Federal 262 266 330 218 i 217 i 213 199 233 162 163
    Institutional 95 133 233 181 i 181 i 175 167 0 49 110
    Nonfederal 32 47 51 66 i 65 i 62 57 39 49 60
  Teaching assistantships 672 596 640 290 i 295 i 292 297 359 391 472
    Federal 2 19 32 23 i 23 i 23 22 8 31 3
    Institutional 670 571 608 260 i 265 i 262 267 345 333 468
    Nonfederal 0 6 0 7 i 7 i 7 8 6 27 1
  Other types of support 153 147 107 659 i 686 i 680 699 566 172 109
    Federal 3 22 0 25 i 25 i 25 24 0 9 2
    Institutional 1 0 0 109 i 112 i 111 107 0 0 2
    Nonfederal 4 3 0 11 i 11 i 11 11 0 2 4
    Personal resources 145 122 107 514 i 538 i 533 557 566 161 101

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Postdoctorates in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2023–14
All races 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
  Science and engineering 165 146 129 139 i 139 i 135 136 136 125 120
    Science 154 137 125 130 i 130 i 126 126 126 120 117
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 3 3 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 57 45 47 48 i 48 i 47 56 56 53 43
      Communication 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 4 6 4 2 i 2 i 2 3 3 0 2
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 42 36 20 21 i 21 i 20 20 20 24 24
      Mathematics and statistics 4 5 0 3 i 3 i 3 1 1 2 4
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 2 4 4 4 i 4 i 4 3 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 38 34 44 46 i 46 i 44 37 37 35 40
      Psychology 2 2 1 1 i 1 i 1 0 0 0 1
      Social sciences 5 5 5 5 i 5 i 5 6 6 3 3
    Engineering 11 9 4 9 i 9 i 9 10 10 5 3
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 11 9 4 9 i 9 i 9 9 9 5 3
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 1 1 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
    Clinical medicine 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
    Other health 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Federally supported science, engineering, and health postdoctorates, by field: 2023–14
Field 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All surveyed fields 100 77 83 92 i 92 i 88 85 85 74 73
  Science and engineering 100 77 83 92 i 92 i 88 85 85 74 73
    Science 90 73 79 86 i 86 i 82 76 76 71 72
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 1 2 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 36 28 32 33 i 33 i 32 36 36 31 25
      Communication 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 1 1 2 2 i 2 i 2 0 0 0 1
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 26 24 12 13 i 13 i 12 12 12 10 12
      Mathematics and statistics 2 1 0 3 i 3 i 3 0 0 1 4
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 1 2 1 1 i 1 i 1 1 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 22 16 30 32 i 32 i 30 25 25 25 30
      Psychology 2 1 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Social sciences 0 0 2 2 i 2 i 2 2 2 2 0
    Engineering 10 4 4 6 i 6 i 6 9 9 3 1
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 10 4 4 6 i 6 i 6 8 8 3 1
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 1 1 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
  Health 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
    Clinical medicine 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0
    Other health 0 0 0 0 i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Total R&D expenditures, by field: 2024–15
(Dollars in thousands)
Field 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  All R&D fields 218,426 203,883 176,760 160,615 150,400 142,958 127,538 124,344 151,192 151,713
    Science 150,531 137,083 116,229 107,263 105,019 99,344 93,497 86,321 84,306 86,680
      Computer and information sciences 13,022 8,695 5,441 5,128 5,009 4,401 4,235 3,225 3,155 3,424
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 30,975 39,967 35,788 31,217 29,389 26,570 24,348 22,218 20,731 22,232
        Atmospheric science and meteorology 817 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Geological and earth sciences 8,126 9,302 7,990 7,476 7,332 6,667 6,651 5,997 4,890 4,739
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences 22,009 21,214 19,192 17,662 15,676 14,043 11,715 10,030 10,190 11,337
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec 23 9,451 8,606 6,079 6,381 5,860 5,982 6,191 5,651 6,156
      Life sciences 42,509 34,549 30,133 28,302 27,565 26,486 25,002 25,493 23,177 22,706
        Agricultural sciences 2,428 3,576 3,304 3,252 3,247 2,724 3,052 2,787 2,386 2,147
        Biological and biomedical sciences 32,653 30,973 26,829 25,050 24,318 23,762 21,950 22,706 20,791 20,559
        Health sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Natural resources and conservation 2,621 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Life sciences nec 4,807 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mathematics and statistics 3,404 605 348 156 236 303 387 481 458 556
      Physical sciences 47,399 43,696 37,808 35,606 36,262 32,576 29,547 27,698 30,051 30,254
        Astronomy and astrophysics 23,059 20,609 19,752 17,827 18,690 14,779 14,889 13,797 12,788 13,364
        Chemistry 12,296 14,697 11,059 10,689 10,478 10,719 6,840 6,322 9,547 7,785
        Materials science 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Physics 9,143 8,099 6,876 6,919 6,991 7,057 7,803 7,496 7,542 8,929
        Physical sciences nec 2,901 291 121 171 103 21 15 83 174 176
      Psychology 1,726 1,226 682 868 487 721 854 813 759 614
      Social sciences 7,988 7,665 5,793 5,411 5,724 6,908 6,886 4,947 4,425 3,622
        Anthropology 1,220 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Economics 1,062 938 607 413 323 810 497 186 573 449
        Political science and government 1,049 374 340 251 179 186 357 104 270 76
        Sociology, demography, and population studies 3,846 1,618 1,050 1,503 1,564 1,501 2,083 1,416 1,062 777
        Social sciences nec 811 4,735 3,796 3,244 3,658 4,411 3,949 3,241 2,520 2,320
      Sciences nec 3,508 680 236 575 347 1,379 2,238 1,446 1,550 3,272
    Engineering 54,214 57,256 55,542 49,576 41,752 39,111 29,724 33,669 61,931 60,838
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 23,983
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 38,630 1,148 1,439 1,354 1,549 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Civil engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering 12,253 7,606 6,933 5,136 3,918 2,805 2,136 3,023 3,093 2,924
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Metallurgical and materials engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Engineering nec 3,331 48,502 47,170 43,086 36,285 36,306 27,588 30,646 58,838 33,931
    Non-S&E 13,681 9,544 4,989 3,776 3,629 4,503 4,317 4,354 4,955 4,195
      Business management and business administration 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Communication and communications technologies 0 288 133 179 162 73 147 75 0 0
      Education 1,232 1,184 393 254 387 608 857 1,168 1,583 1,661
      Humanities 6,566 4,874 3,088 2,378 2,283 2,850 2,299 1,880 2,278 1,856
      Law 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Social work 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Visual and performing arts 5,240 3,198 1,375 965 797 972 1,014 1,231 1,094 678
      Non-S&E nec 643 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Total R&D expenditures, by source of funds and R&D field: 2024
(Dollars in thousands)
Field All R&D expenditures Federal government State and local government Institution funds Business Nonprofit organizations All other sources
  All R&D fields 218,426 117,064 6,610 65,182 2,629 19,623 7,318
    Science 150,531 73,027 6,053 48,248 1,965 15,556 5,682
      Computer and information sciences 13,022 6,583 12 3,442 1,321 405 1,259
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 30,975 16,733 4,014 7,636 274 2,271 47
        Atmospheric science and meteorology 817 0 0 813 0 0 4
        Geological and earth sciences 8,126 6,386 170 1,227 23 277 43
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences 22,009 10,333 3,844 5,587 251 1,994 0
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec 23 14 0 9 0 0 0
      Life sciences 42,509 22,479 1,715 11,015 125 5,364 1,811
        Agricultural sciences 2,428 359 29 1,668 0 198 174
        Biological and biomedical sciences 32,653 20,254 1,572 6,245 125 3,758 699
        Health sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Natural resources and conservation 2,621 0 14 2,086 0 0 521
        Life sciences nec 4,807 1,866 100 1,016 0 1,408 417
      Mathematics and statistics 3,404 1,760 60 1,128 0 445 11
      Physical sciences 47,399 21,651 69 17,945 245 5,985 1,504
        Astronomy and astrophysics 23,059 5,850 45 12,107 0 3,997 1,060
        Chemistry 12,296 8,678 8 2,635 245 404 326
        Materials science 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Physics 9,143 6,723 16 1,953 0 355 96
        Physical sciences nec 2,901 400 0 1,250 0 1,229 22
      Psychology 1,726 861 10 626 0 162 67
      Social sciences 7,988 600 173 5,308 0 924 983
        Anthropology 1,220 101 4 871 0 194 50
        Economics 1,062 228 0 646 0 22 166
        Political science and government 1,049 0 149 894 0 5 1
        Sociology, demography, and population studies 3,846 271 20 2,603 0 671 281
        Social sciences nec 811 0 0 294 0 32 485
      Sciences nec 3,508 2,360 0 1,148 0 0 0
    Engineering 54,214 42,826 494 7,605 664 2,016 609
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 38,630 30,872 207 5,303 664 1,188 396
      Chemical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Civil engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering 12,253 10,410 8 1,472 0 221 142
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Metallurgical and materials engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Engineering nec 3,331 1,544 279 830 0 607 71
    Non-S&E 13,681 1,211 63 9,329 0 2,051 1,027
      Business management and business administration 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Communication and communications technologies 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Education 1,232 679 0 366 0 163 24
      Humanities 6,566 170 63 5,061 0 593 679
      Law 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Social work 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Visual and performing arts 5,240 166 0 3,480 0 1,270 324
      Non-S&E nec 643 196 0 422 0 25 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Federally funded R&D expenditures, by federal agency: 2024–15
(Dollars in thousands)
Source of funds 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
Federal Agencies 117,064 112,847 107,082 86,263 76,468 74,669 63,197 66,563 95,294 92,870
  DOD 11,749 9,431 9,210 5,925 4,135 3,108 2,892 2,154 1,765 1,909
  DOE 7,331 6,895 5,545 4,963 4,289 4,515 3,819 4,383 2,859 2,949
  HHS 59,367 56,807 54,726 44,933 37,603 39,291 30,696 30,383 30,443 28,979
  NASA 5,630 5,617 6,264 3,638 3,449 3,076 3,126 6,016 35,274 30,169
  NSF 24,058 21,029 17,315 13,870 15,818 13,815 13,571 14,807 15,220 18,711
  USDA 2,238 1,354 1,635 1,306 951 1,233 1,064 753 1,107 1,220
  Other 6,691 11,714 12,387 11,628 10,223 9,631 8,029 8,067 8,626 8,933

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Headcount of R&D personnel: 2024–18 [temporarily discontinued]
Year
2024 . . . .
2023 . . . .
2022 . . . .
2021 . . . .
2020 . . . .
2019 2,319 242 2,077 .
2018 2,297 240 2,057 .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field: 2023–14
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space 2023 2021 2019 2017 2015
  All research space 678 664 642 644 658
    Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Biological and biomedical sciences 140 111 111 122 123
    Computer and information sciences 25 8 7 22 19
    Engineering 96 117 104 102 104
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 132 135 125 107 121
    Health sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Mathematics and statistics 14 12 12 9 9
    Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0
    Physical sciences 176 179 178 175 176
    Psychology 24 24 25 26 25
    Social sciences 53 51 52 53 52
    Other 19 28 28 28 28

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

New construction of science and engineering research space, by field and time of construction: 2025–16
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space 0 0 0 0 0
    Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Biological and biomedical sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Computer and information sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Engineering 0 0 0 0 0
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Health sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Mathematics and statistics 0 0 0 0 0
    Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0
    Physical sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Psychology 0 0 0 0 0
    Social sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Other 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

Costs for repair and renovation of science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field and time of repair and renovation: 2025–16
(Dollars in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space 7,000 19,095 14,861 2,698 40,191
    Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Biological and biomedical sciences 3,500 13,525 0 0 2,418
    Computer and information sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Engineering 3,500 550 12,776 361 12,901
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 0 2,120 1,484 0 4,161
    Health sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Mathematics and statistics 0 0 0 0 0
    Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0
    Physical sciences 0 2,200 601 1,581 15,915
    Psychology 0 0 0 0 2,300
    Social sciences 0 700 0 757 1,949
    Other 0 0 0 0 547

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

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