U. California, Santa Cruz

Rankings

Data year Earned doctorates Full-time graduate students Total R&D expenditures Research space
Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked
2024 99 78.8 459 104 83.8 631 139 85.2 925
2023 90 80.8 459 108 84.4 679 138 85.1 911 109 82.2 602
2022 95 79.6 457 102 85.3 680 140 84.7 900
2021 102 77.6 447 95 86.5 691 142 84.6 908 108 81.8 583
2020 112 75.5 450 95 86.6 698 142 84.7 916
2019 103 77.4 447 99 86.1 697 144 84.5 914 111 81.5 589
2018 116 73.3 428 105 85.3 700 144 84.4 911
2017 114 73.6 425 100 85.6 684 143 84.3 898 101 82.8 575
2016 106 75.8 430 112 84.2 697 128 86 896
2015 118 72.8 426 129 81.7 693 122 86.6 898 96 83.5 570
NOTES:
  • 1. See TableBuilder for the prior year data.
  • 2. Blank white cells indicate data not available, not applicable, or institution not eligible for survey.
  • 3. Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

Data

Number of earned doctorates, by trend major field of study of recipients: 2024–15
Fields 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All fields 198 227 206 167 150 190 157 166 174 148
  Science and engineering 166 183 171 139 133 167 129 142 148 123
    Agricultural sciences and natural resources 4 7 2 8 2 7 2 3 4 5
      Agricultural sciences . 2 . . . 1 . . . 1
      Natural resources and conservation 4 5 2 8 2 6 2 3 4 4
    Biological and biomedical sciences 41 51 44 32 33 31 23 30 35 32
      Biochemistry and biophysics 7 4 5 2 5 2 3 5 3 5
      Biology and biomedical sciences, general . 4 2 . 3 . . 2 5 .
      Bioinformatics, biostatistics, and computational biology 9 10 11 5 7 6 3 5 4 7
      Cellular and developmental biology, and anatomy . 1 . . . 1 1 2 2 3
      Ecology, evolutionary biology, and epidemiology 8 13 8 10 9 15 9 8 13 11
      Genetics and genomics . 3 3 . 3 . 1 1 . .
      Microbiology and immunology 4 3 4 1 2 2 2 3 2 3
      Molecular biology 12 11 9 9 2 2 2 2 4 1
      Neurobiology and neurosciences . . 1 3 . 1 . 1 1 .
      Pharmacology and toxicology 1 1 . 1 . 1 1 . 1 .
      Physiology, pathology, and cancer biology . 1 . 1 . . . 1 . .
      Biology and biomedical sciences, other . . 1 . 2 1 1 . . 2
    Computer and information sciences 11 15 16 9 10 21 11 17 17 5
      Computer science 7 10 12 7 8 18 10 15 14 5
      Computer and information sciences, other 4 5 4 2 2 3 1 2 3 .
    Engineering 23 19 23 13 11 13 10 18 8 17
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering . . . . . . . . . 1
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering . . . 1 . 1 1 . . 2
      Electrical and computer engineering 20 16 19 9 10 9 9 16 6 12
      Industrial engineering and operations research . . 1 . . . . . 1 .
      Materials and mining engineering 1 1 . 1 1 1 . 2 1 .
      Mechanical engineering 1 2 2 . . 2 . . . 2
      Engineering, other 1 . 1 2 . . . . . .
    Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 16 15 9 8 13 12 9 14 15 10
      Geological sciences 7 4 4 1 7 9 4 8 9 3
      Ocean, marine, and atmospheric sciences 9 11 5 7 6 3 5 6 6 7
    Health sciences . 1 . 1 . . . . 2 .
      Pharmaceutical sciences . . . 1 . . . . . .
      Public health . . . . . . . . 2 .
      Health sciences, other . 1 . . . . . . . .
    Mathematics and statistics 11 12 13 8 15 11 17 4 6 9
      Applied mathematics 5 4 4 . 1 3 2 1 3 2
      Mathematics 3 2 . . 1 3 9 . 1 4
      Statistics 1 3 5 2 4 1 5 . 2 3
      Mathematics and statistics, other 2 3 4 6 9 4 1 3 . .
    Physical sciences 28 24 26 27 23 31 13 22 25 21
      Astronomy and astrophysics 10 5 10 9 5 10 2 5 10 5
      Chemistry 10 9 9 12 6 14 6 12 8 7
      Physics 8 10 7 6 12 7 5 5 7 9
    Psychology 9 9 8 9 3 13 4 11 10 3
      Research and experimental psychology 8 6 7 8 3 12 4 10 10 3
      Psychology, other 1 3 1 1 . 1 . 1 . .
    Social sciences 23 30 30 24 23 28 40 23 26 21
      Anthropology 5 4 3 5 . 8 7 3 5 3
      Economics 5 7 11 6 5 10 12 9 11 11
      Political science and government 3 5 2 1 4 5 8 3 2 2
      Sociology, demography, and population studies 2 5 2 6 4 1 3 4 4 4
      Social sciences, other 8 9 12 6 10 4 10 4 4 1
  Non-science and engineering 32 44 35 28 17 23 28 24 26 25
    Business . . . 3 . . . 1 1 .
      Business . . . 3 . . . 1 1 .
    Education 3 8 5 3 . 4 3 1 6 3
      Education leadership and administration . . . . . . . . . 1
      Education research 1 2 . . . 2 . . 1 .
      Teacher education and teaching fields 2 2 . 1 . 1 . . 1 2
      Education, other . 4 5 2 . 1 3 1 4 .
    Humanities and arts 29 33 29 21 16 19 24 20 16 22
      Letters 5 7 6 2 4 4 7 6 7 9
      Foreign languages and literature . 1 1 1 . . . . 1 .
      History 5 9 4 5 3 2 6 5 4 6
      Philosophy and religious studies 4 2 4 2 5 2 1 2 1 1
      Music and performing arts 3 1 1 5 1 5 3 4 2 2
      Humanities and arts, other 12 13 13 6 3 6 7 3 1 4
    Other non-science and engineering . 3 1 1 1 . 1 2 3 .
      Communication . 3 1 1 1 . 1 2 2 .
      Non-science and engineering, other . . . . . . . . 1 .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2024–15
All races 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents   1,066   1,004   1,023   1,053   1,025 i   1,034 i   1,017   968   938   872
    Hispanic or Latino   219   214   194   187   146 i   146 i   145   145   131   114
    Not Hispanic or Latino   808   751   794   816   809 i   817 i   801   756   643   682
      American Indian or Alaska Native   2   0   2   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   2   0
      Asian   210   183   148   129   113 i   114 i   113   112   83   68
      Black or African American   33   28   21   29   18 i   18 i   18   19   13   14
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   1
      White   500   479   551   597   617 i   623 i   608   566   483   552
      More than one race   63   61   72   61   61 i   62 i   62   59   62   47
    Unknown ethnicity and race   39   39   35   50   70 i   71 i   71   67   164   76
  Temporary visa holders   582   581   557   496   406 i   427 i   422   467   444   347
  Science and engineering   1,648   1,585   1,580   1,549   1,431 i   1,461 i   1,439   1,435   1,382   1,219
    Science   1,547   1,480   1,475   1,450   1,226 i   1,240 i   1,215   1,176   1,148   1,040
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   39   45
      Biological and biomedical sciences   276   278   283   280   265 i   262 i   254   230   222   188
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Computer and information sciences   468   426   398   372   160 i   166 i   158   176   192   146
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   88   88   81   92   101 i   101 i   103   82   85   97
      Mathematics and statistics   132   114   109   122   116 i   120 i   122   116   108   89
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   51   50   33   11   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Natural resources and conservation   61   51   56   55   52 i   52 i   51   41   0   0
      Physical sciences   205   205   224   226   224 i   226 i   221   211   197   171
      Psychology   64   64   69   64   66 i   66 i   62   67   64   57
      Social sciences   202   204   222   228   242 i   247 i   244   253   241   247
    Engineering   101   105   105   99   205 i   221 i   224   259   234   179
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   101   105   105   99   200 i   216 i   219   250   225   172
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   0   0   0   0   5 i   5 i   5   9   9   7
      Mechanical engineering   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Other engineering   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Clinical medicine   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Other health   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Part-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2024–15
All races 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents   41   37   28   43   40 i   39 i   39   32   44   42
    Hispanic or Latino   7   6   3   4   5 i   5 i   5   6   4   5
    Not Hispanic or Latino   29   27   22   37   33 i   32 i   32   25   16   35
      American Indian or Alaska Native   0   0   0   0   1 i   1 i   1   0   0   0
      Asian   11   9   7   7   7 i   7 i   7   9   4   12
      Black or African American   0   0   0   1   1 i   1 i   1   1   0   1
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      White   18   18   14   28   23 i   22 i   22   13   11   21
      More than one race   0   0   1   1   1 i   1 i   1   2   1   1
    Unknown ethnicity and race   5   4   3   2   2 i   2 i   2   1   24   2
  Temporary visa holders   9   7   6   5   22 i   20 i   19   23   22   11
  Science and engineering   50   44   34   48   62 i   59 i   58   55   66   53
    Science   38   36   28   40   32 i   31 i   30   32   41   29
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Biological and biomedical sciences   5   8   2   5   1 i   1 i   1   0   2   3
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Computer and information sciences   23   16   16   21   19 i   18 i   17   24   22   14
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   1   1   1   3   3 i   3 i   3   1   5   1
      Mathematics and statistics   4   6   3   6   4 i   4 i   4   1   4   3
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   1   1 i   1 i   1   0   0   0
      Physical sciences   0   3   3   2   0 i   0 i   0   1   1   0
      Psychology   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   1   1
      Social sciences   5   2   3   2   4 i   4 i   4   5   6   7
    Engineering   12   8   6   8   30 i   28 i   28   23   25   24
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   12   8   6   8   28 i   26 i   26   21   23   23
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   0   0   0   0   2 i   2 i   2   2   2   1
      Mechanical engineering   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Other engineering   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Clinical medicine   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Other health   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health receiving primary support from federal sources, by field: 2024–15
Field 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All surveyed fields   304   330   355   377   269 i   268 i   264   248   243   295
  Science and engineering   304   330   355   377   269 i   268 i   264   248   243   295
    Science   280   301   325   349   243 i   242 i   238   222   219   256
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   1   7
      Biological and biomedical sciences   96   115   109   121   86 i   84 i   82   77   69   84
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Computer and information sciences   50   48   66   64   19 i   19 i   18   17   19   23
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   47   39   38   40   41 i   41 i   42   34   41   46
      Mathematics and statistics   12   9   11   16   14 i   14 i   14   14   15   11
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   0   0   2   1   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Natural resources and conservation   8   6   8   9   3 i   3 i   3   3   0   0
      Physical sciences   63   76   81   84   74 i   75 i   73   71   67   68
      Psychology   4   2   4   2   2 i   2 i   2   2   5   5
      Social sciences   0   6   6   12   4 i   4 i   4   4   2   12
    Engineering   24   29   30   28   26 i   26 i   26   26   24   39
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   24   29   30   28   24 i   24 i   24   23   22   36
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   0   0   0   0   2 i   2 i   2   3   2   3
      Mechanical engineering   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Other engineering   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
    Health   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Clinical medicine   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Other health   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by type and primary source of support: 2024–15
Type and primary source of support 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All types and sources of support   1,648   1,585   1,580   1,549   1,431 i   1,461 i   1,439   1,435   1,382   1,219
  Fellowships   325   371   391   188   17 i   17 i   17   16   185   396
    Federal   45   63   48   15   3 i   3 i   3   3   2   93
    Institutional   276   286   333   173   14 i   14 i   14   13   180   288
    Nonfederal   4   22   10   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   3   15
  Research assistantships   413   389   446   614   465 i   463 i   450   423   272   260
    Federal   244   262   266   330   218 i   217 i   213   199   233   162
    Institutional   141   95   133   233   181 i   181 i   175   167   0   49
    Nonfederal   28   32   47   51   66 i   65 i   62   57   39   49
  Teaching assistantships   714   672   596   640   290 i   295 i   292   297   359   391
    Federal   14   2   19   32   23 i   23 i   23   22   8   31
    Institutional   697   670   571   608   260 i   265 i   262   267   345   333
    Nonfederal   3   0   6   0   7 i   7 i   7   8   6   27
  Other types of support   196   153   147   107   659 i   686 i   680   699   566   172
    Federal   1   3   22   0   25 i   25 i   25   24   0   9
    Institutional   45   1   0   0   109 i   112 i   111   107   0   0
    Nonfederal   0   4   3   0   11 i   11 i   11   11   0   2
    Personal resources   150   145   122   107   514 i   538 i   533   557   566   161

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Postdoctorates in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2024–15
All races 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  Science and engineering   176   165   146   129   139 i   139 i   135   136   136   125
    Science   163   154   137   125   130 i   130 i   126   126   126   120
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   3   3
      Biological and biomedical sciences   63   57   45   47   48 i   48 i   47   56   56   53
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Computer and information sciences   9   4   6   4   2 i   2 i   2   3   3   0
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   27   42   36   20   21 i   21 i   20   20   20   24
      Mathematics and statistics   4   4   5   0   3 i   3 i   3   1   1   2
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Natural resources and conservation   10   2   4   4   4 i   4 i   4   3   0   0
      Physical sciences   43   38   34   44   46 i   46 i   44   37   37   35
      Psychology   2   2   2   1   1 i   1 i   1   0   0   0
      Social sciences   5   5   5   5   5 i   5 i   5   6   6   3
    Engineering   13   11   9   4   9 i   9 i   9   10   10   5
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   13   11   9   4   9 i   9 i   9   9   9   5
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   1   1   0
      Mechanical engineering   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Other engineering   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Clinical medicine   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Other health   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Federally supported science, engineering, and health postdoctorates, by field: 2024–15
Field 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All surveyed fields   86   100   77   83   92 i   92 i   88   85   85   74
  Science and engineering   86   100   77   83   92 i   92 i   88   85   85   74
    Science   76   90   73   79   86 i   86 i   82   76   76   71
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   1   2
      Biological and biomedical sciences   32   36   28   32   33 i   33 i   32   36   36   31
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Computer and information sciences   3   1   1   2   2 i   2 i   2   0   0   0
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   14   26   24   12   13 i   13 i   12   12   12   10
      Mathematics and statistics   2   2   1   0   3 i   3 i   3   0   0   1
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Natural resources and conservation   1   1   2   1   1 i   1 i   1   1   0   0
      Physical sciences   23   22   16   30   32 i   32 i   30   25   25   25
      Psychology   1   2   1   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Social sciences   0   0   0   2   2 i   2 i   2   2   2   2
    Engineering   10   10   4   4   6 i   6 i   6   9   9   3
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   10   10   4   4   6 i   6 i   6   8   8   3
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   1   1   0
      Mechanical engineering   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Other engineering   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
    Health   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Clinical medicine   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0
      Other health   0   0   0   0   0 i   0 i   0   0   0   0

i=imputed

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Total R&D expenditures, by field: 2024–15
(Dollars in thousands)
Field 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  All R&D fields   218,426   203,883   176,760   160,615   150,400   142,958   127,538   124,344   151,192   151,713
    Science   150,531   137,083   116,229   107,263   105,019   99,344   93,497   86,321   84,306   86,680
      Computer and information sciences   13,022   8,695   5,441   5,128   5,009   4,401   4,235   3,225   3,155   3,424
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   30,975   39,967   35,788   31,217   29,389   26,570   24,348   22,218   20,731   22,232
        Atmospheric science and meteorology   817   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Geological and earth sciences   8,126   9,302   7,990   7,476   7,332   6,667   6,651   5,997   4,890   4,739
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences   22,009   21,214   19,192   17,662   15,676   14,043   11,715   10,030   10,190   11,337
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec   23   9,451   8,606   6,079   6,381   5,860   5,982   6,191   5,651   6,156
      Life sciences   42,509   34,549   30,133   28,302   27,565   26,486   25,002   25,493   23,177   22,706
        Agricultural sciences   2,428   3,576   3,304   3,252   3,247   2,724   3,052   2,787   2,386   2,147
        Biological and biomedical sciences   32,653   30,973   26,829   25,050   24,318   23,762   21,950   22,706   20,791   20,559
        Health sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Natural resources and conservation   2,621   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Life sciences nec   4,807   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Mathematics and statistics   3,404   605   348   156   236   303   387   481   458   556
      Physical sciences   47,399   43,696   37,808   35,606   36,262   32,576   29,547   27,698   30,051   30,254
        Astronomy and astrophysics   23,059   20,609   19,752   17,827   18,690   14,779   14,889   13,797   12,788   13,364
        Chemistry   12,296   14,697   11,059   10,689   10,478   10,719   6,840   6,322   9,547   7,785
        Materials science   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Physics   9,143   8,099   6,876   6,919   6,991   7,057   7,803   7,496   7,542   8,929
        Physical sciences nec   2,901   291   121   171   103   21   15   83   174   176
      Psychology   1,726   1,226   682   868   487   721   854   813   759   614
      Social sciences   7,988   7,665   5,793   5,411   5,724   6,908   6,886   4,947   4,425   3,622
        Anthropology   1,220   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Economics   1,062   938   607   413   323   810   497   186   573   449
        Political science and government   1,049   374   340   251   179   186   357   104   270   76
        Sociology, demography, and population studies   3,846   1,618   1,050   1,503   1,564   1,501   2,083   1,416   1,062   777
        Social sciences nec   811   4,735   3,796   3,244   3,658   4,411   3,949   3,241   2,520   2,320
      Sciences nec   3,508   680   236   575   347   1,379   2,238   1,446   1,550   3,272
    Engineering   54,214   57,256   55,542   49,576   41,752   39,111   29,724   33,669   61,931   60,838
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   23,983
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering   38,630   1,148   1,439   1,354   1,549   0   0   0   0   0
      Chemical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Civil engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering   12,253   7,606   6,933   5,136   3,918   2,805   2,136   3,023   3,093   2,924
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Mechanical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Metallurgical and materials engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Engineering nec   3,331   48,502   47,170   43,086   36,285   36,306   27,588   30,646   58,838   33,931
    Non-S&E   13,681   9,544   4,989   3,776   3,629   4,503   4,317   4,354   4,955   4,195
      Business management and business administration   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Communication and communications technologies   0   288   133   179   162   73   147   75   0   0
      Education   1,232   1,184   393   254   387   608   857   1,168   1,583   1,661
      Humanities   6,566   4,874   3,088   2,378   2,283   2,850   2,299   1,880   2,278   1,856
      Law   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Social work   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Visual and performing arts   5,240   3,198   1,375   965   797   972   1,014   1,231   1,094   678
      Non-S&E nec   643   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Total R&D expenditures, by source of funds and R&D field: 2024
(Dollars in thousands)
Field All R&D expenditures Federal government State and local government Institution funds Business Nonprofit organizations All other sources
  All R&D fields   218,426   117,064   6,610   65,182   2,629   19,623   7,318
    Science   150,531   73,027   6,053   48,248   1,965   15,556   5,682
      Computer and information sciences   13,022   6,583   12   3,442   1,321   405   1,259
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   30,975   16,733   4,014   7,636   274   2,271   47
        Atmospheric science and meteorology   817   0   0   813   0   0   4
        Geological and earth sciences   8,126   6,386   170   1,227   23   277   43
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences   22,009   10,333   3,844   5,587   251   1,994   0
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec   23   14   0   9   0   0   0
      Life sciences   42,509   22,479   1,715   11,015   125   5,364   1,811
        Agricultural sciences   2,428   359   29   1,668   0   198   174
        Biological and biomedical sciences   32,653   20,254   1,572   6,245   125   3,758   699
        Health sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Natural resources and conservation   2,621   0   14   2,086   0   0   521
        Life sciences nec   4,807   1,866   100   1,016   0   1,408   417
      Mathematics and statistics   3,404   1,760   60   1,128   0   445   11
      Physical sciences   47,399   21,651   69   17,945   245   5,985   1,504
        Astronomy and astrophysics   23,059   5,850   45   12,107   0   3,997   1,060
        Chemistry   12,296   8,678   8   2,635   245   404   326
        Materials science   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Physics   9,143   6,723   16   1,953   0   355   96
        Physical sciences nec   2,901   400   0   1,250   0   1,229   22
      Psychology   1,726   861   10   626   0   162   67
      Social sciences   7,988   600   173   5,308   0   924   983
        Anthropology   1,220   101   4   871   0   194   50
        Economics   1,062   228   0   646   0   22   166
        Political science and government   1,049   0   149   894   0   5   1
        Sociology, demography, and population studies   3,846   271   20   2,603   0   671   281
        Social sciences nec   811   0   0   294   0   32   485
      Sciences nec   3,508   2,360   0   1,148   0   0   0
    Engineering   54,214   42,826   494   7,605   664   2,016   609
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering   38,630   30,872   207   5,303   664   1,188   396
      Chemical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Civil engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering   12,253   10,410   8   1,472   0   221   142
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Mechanical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Metallurgical and materials engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Engineering nec   3,331   1,544   279   830   0   607   71
    Non-S&E   13,681   1,211   63   9,329   0   2,051   1,027
      Business management and business administration   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Communication and communications technologies   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Education   1,232   679   0   366   0   163   24
      Humanities   6,566   170   63   5,061   0   593   679
      Law   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Social work   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Visual and performing arts   5,240   166   0   3,480   0   1,270   324
      Non-S&E nec   643   196   0   422   0   25   0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Federally funded R&D expenditures, by federal agency: 2024–15
(Dollars in thousands)
Source of funds 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
Federal Agencies   117,064   112,847   107,082   86,263   76,468   74,669   63,197   66,563   95,294   92,870
  DOD   11,749   9,431   9,210   5,925   4,135   3,108   2,892   2,154   1,765   1,909
  DOE   7,331   6,895   5,545   4,963   4,289   4,515   3,819   4,383   2,859   2,949
  HHS   59,367   56,807   54,726   44,933   37,603   39,291   30,696   30,383   30,443   28,979
  NASA   5,630   5,617   6,264   3,638   3,449   3,076   3,126   6,016   35,274   30,169
  NSF   24,058   21,029   17,315   13,870   15,818   13,815   13,571   14,807   15,220   18,711
  USDA   2,238   1,354   1,635   1,306   951   1,233   1,064   753   1,107   1,220
  Other   6,691   11,714   12,387   11,628   10,223   9,631   8,029   8,067   8,626   8,933

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Headcount of R&D personnel: 2024–18 [temporarily discontinued]
Year
2024   .   .   .   .
2023   .   .   .   .
2022   .   .   .   .
2021   .   .   .   .
2020   .   .   .   .
2019   2,319   242   2,077   .
2018   2,297   240   2,057   .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field: 2023–14
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space 2023 2021 2019 2017 2015
  All research space   678   664   642   644   658
    Agricultural sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Biological and biomedical sciences   140   111   111   122   123
    Computer and information sciences   25   8   7   22   19
    Engineering   96   117   104   102   104
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   132   135   125   107   121
    Health sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Mathematics and statistics   14   12   12   9   9
    Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   0   0
    Physical sciences   176   179   178   175   176
    Psychology   24   24   25   26   25
    Social sciences   53   51   52   53   52
    Other   19   28   28   28   28

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

New construction of science and engineering research space, by field and time of construction: 2025–16
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space   0   0   0   0   0
    Agricultural sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Biological and biomedical sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Computer and information sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Engineering   0   0   0   0   0
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Health sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Mathematics and statistics   0   0   0   0   0
    Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   0   0
    Physical sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Psychology   0   0   0   0   0
    Social sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Other   0   0   0   0   0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

Costs for repair and renovation of science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field and time of repair and renovation: 2025–16
(Dollars in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space   7,000   19,095   14,861   2,698   40,191
    Agricultural sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Biological and biomedical sciences   3,500   13,525   0   0   2,418
    Computer and information sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Engineering   3,500   550   12,776   361   12,901
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   0   2,120   1,484   0   4,161
    Health sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Mathematics and statistics   0   0   0   0   0
    Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   0   0
    Physical sciences   0   2,200   601   1,581   15,915
    Psychology   0   0   0   0   2,300
    Social sciences   0   700   0   757   1,949
    Other   0   0   0   0   547

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

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