U. Iowa

Rankings

Data year Earned doctorates Full-time graduate students Total R&D expenditures Research space
Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked
2024 69 85.3 459 96 85.1 631 53 94.4 925
2023 63 86.6 459 104 85 679 51 94.6 911 107 82.5 602
2022 61 87 457 98 85.9 680 52 94.4 900
2021 60 86.9 447 92 86.9 691 50 94.6 908 100 83.2 583
2020 63 86.3 450 86 87.9 698 52 94.5 916
2019 59 87.1 447 91 87.2 697 53 94.4 914 105 82.5 589
2018 58 86.8 428 96 86.6 700 50 94.7 911
2017 50 88.6 425 91 87 684 49 94.7 898 102 82.6 575
2016 47 89.4 430 90 87.3 697 48 94.8 896
2015 51 88.4 426 88 87.6 693 49 94.7 898 93 84 570
NOTES:
  • 1. See TableBuilder for the prior year data.
  • 2. Blank white cells indicate data not available, not applicable, or institution not eligible for survey.
  • 3. Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

Data

Number of earned doctorates, by trend major field of study of recipients: 2024–15
Fields 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All fields 281 308 319 286 302 311 322 347 368 344
  Science and engineering 218 233 239 216 206 224 237 247 244 234
    Agricultural sciences and natural resources . . . 1 . . . . . .
      Agricultural sciences . . . 1 . . . . . .
      Natural resources and conservation . . . . . . . . . .
    Biological and biomedical sciences 62 71 72 60 49 57 81 50 75 80
      Biochemistry and biophysics 2 3 7 5 6 11 6 3 4 3
      Biology and biomedical sciences, general 5 9 9 9 3 1 4 1 4 3
      Bioinformatics, biostatistics, and computational biology 6 7 5 4 2 5 11 6 9 4
      Cellular and developmental biology, and anatomy 1 3 . 1 1 2 4 3 4 5
      Ecology, evolutionary biology, and epidemiology 6 7 6 3 5 6 8 2 10 6
      Genetics and genomics 13 4 4 6 7 4 9 3 6 8
      Microbiology and immunology 10 11 10 5 7 5 12 9 13 16
      Molecular biology 3 4 5 6 5 5 4 6 2 7
      Neurobiology and neurosciences 10 8 9 7 7 10 9 7 9 10
      Pharmacology and toxicology 3 3 7 7 2 6 4 5 7 7
      Physiology, pathology, and cancer biology 3 11 9 7 4 2 10 3 4 10
      Biology and biomedical sciences, other . 1 1 . . . . 2 3 1
    Computer and information sciences 12 9 4 7 9 10 1 6 4 10
      Computer science 12 6 3 4 7 8 1 4 4 7
      Computer and information sciences, other . 3 1 3 2 2 . 2 . 3
    Engineering 27 43 30 35 30 35 29 52 31 32
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 9 8 4 5 5 9 3 13 8 7
      Chemical and petroleum engineering . 7 3 1 4 5 5 2 2 6
      Civil, environmental, and transportation engineering 5 11 9 8 3 6 4 7 6 6
      Electrical and computer engineering 2 6 5 8 3 8 7 14 7 6
      Industrial engineering and operations research 3 3 3 4 6 . 2 2 2 2
      Materials and mining engineering 1 1 . . . . . 1 1 .
      Mechanical engineering 7 3 4 8 9 6 8 12 4 4
      Engineering, other . 4 2 1 . 1 . 1 1 1
    Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 4 3 3 4 5 5 5 6 6 1
      Geological sciences 2 2 2 3 4 2 1 5 4 1
      Ocean, marine, and atmospheric sciences 2 1 1 1 1 3 4 1 2 .
    Health sciences 23 24 40 21 30 24 27 23 34 25
      Nursing science 1 1 5 3 3 2 4 4 4 3
      Pharmaceutical sciences 11 7 12 5 6 9 8 4 11 9
      Public health 8 8 16 3 8 5 7 10 8 2
      Health sciences, other 3 8 7 10 13 8 8 5 11 11
    Mathematics and statistics 16 14 20 20 17 20 13 28 20 10
      Applied mathematics 2 6 4 3 3 4 8 10 5 2
      Mathematics . 1 2 3 2 5 1 7 6 4
      Statistics 4 2 7 4 6 4 1 3 . 2
      Mathematics and statistics, other 10 5 7 10 6 7 3 8 9 2
    Physical sciences 35 32 35 32 27 32 36 33 28 23
      Astronomy and astrophysics 6 2 5 5 1 . 1 2 2 1
      Chemistry 22 24 22 20 21 23 23 23 18 12
      Physics 7 6 8 7 5 9 12 8 8 10
    Psychology 21 16 13 20 22 23 19 27 25 25
      Clinical psychology 4 3 3 5 2 8 3 9 2 3
      Counseling and applied psychology 11 7 6 12 8 9 10 6 8 7
      Research and experimental psychology 3 3 1 3 9 3 4 4 11 10
      Psychology, other 3 3 3 . 3 3 2 8 4 5
    Social sciences 18 21 22 16 17 18 26 22 21 28
      Anthropology 1 . 4 1 2 2 . 2 3 4
      Economics . 5 1 2 6 2 6 5 3 4
      Political science and government 5 4 5 6 2 2 7 4 5 1
      Public policy analysis . . 1 . . . . 1 . 1
      Sociology, demography, and population studies 6 4 5 1 2 2 3 1 2 6
      Social sciences, other 6 8 6 6 5 10 10 9 8 12
  Non-science and engineering 63 75 80 70 96 87 85 100 124 110
    Business 16 11 11 9 8 12 5 14 12 12
      Business 16 11 11 9 8 12 5 14 12 12
    Education 17 40 38 35 40 35 33 34 43 41
      Education leadership and administration 1 6 1 2 3 1 2 4 2 .
      Education research 9 28 24 22 24 26 20 19 26 28
      Teacher education and teaching fields 7 6 10 11 13 8 11 11 14 13
      Education, other . . 3 . . . . . 1 .
    Humanities and arts 24 15 26 19 38 32 35 42 53 44
      Letters 7 4 12 11 10 11 15 11 18 18
      Foreign languages and literature . 2 1 1 5 3 3 5 7 4
      History 3 2 4 1 6 4 5 8 12 7
      Philosophy and religious studies 3 1 4 2 6 3 2 7 3 5
      Music and performing arts 8 3 2 . 4 8 4 4 5 3
      Humanities and arts, other 3 3 3 4 7 3 6 7 8 7
    Other non-science and engineering 6 9 5 7 10 8 12 10 16 13
      Communication 5 5 4 5 8 6 11 8 14 10
      Public administration and social services 1 3 . . 2 1 1 2 . 2
      Non-science and engineering, other . 1 1 2 . 1 . . 2 1

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2024–15
All races 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents 1,133 1,056 1,100 1,139 1,129 1,094 1,051 1,106 1,121 1,151
    Hispanic or Latino 101 93 93 108 102 96 86 89 67 73
    Not Hispanic or Latino 967 915 965 989 975 937 904 976 1,030 1,046
      American Indian or Alaska Native 2 1 3 2 2 3 0 2 2 5
      Asian 58 49 54 62 60 60 51 58 58 59
      Black or African American 28 31 28 31 38 34 42 44 43 41
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 3 2
      White 841 794 843 849 832 798 776 843 905 926
      More than one race 38 39 37 44 42 42 35 28 19 13
    Unknown ethnicity and race 65 48 42 42 52 61 61 41 24 32
  Temporary visa holders 630 558 507 482 443 512 497 518 589 604
  Science and engineering 1,462 1,333 1,351 1,367 1,313 1,360 1,287 1,324 1,502 1,518
    Science 1,199 1,101 1,126 1,114 1,074 1,126 1,062 1,112 1,241 1,234
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 473 416 431 425 430 415 373 409 394 402
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 92 79 81 77 74 84 85 87 110 76
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 21 18 25 23 23 28 25 24 27 22
      Mathematics and statistics 184 184 174 168 145 157 148 125 172 185
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 60 60 61 64 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 200 178 176 179 171 198 190 208 223 228
      Psychology 74 63 67 60 120 112 114 123 55 64
      Social sciences 95 103 111 118 111 132 127 136 222 218
    Engineering 263 232 225 253 239 234 225 212 261 284
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 67 55 50 65 53 44 41 40 57 67
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 25 32 29 30 26 26 26 21 23 30
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 30 23 25 40 53 57 58 50 68 57
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 45 43 43 40 34 36 38 50 61 71
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 23 15 24 23 23 28 19 14 15 14
      Mechanical engineering 65 54 47 47 41 43 34 27 37 45
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 8 10 7 8 9 0 9 10 0 0
    Health 301 281 256 254 259 246 261 300 208 237
      Clinical medicine 34 32 30 32 45 40 42 47 60 36
      Other health 267 249 226 222 214 206 219 253 148 201

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Part-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2024–15
All races 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents 117 180 188 178 172 169 191 209 143 128
    Hispanic or Latino 10 12 19 15 17 17 16 17 6 8
    Not Hispanic or Latino 103 156 164 147 144 141 157 170 128 114
      American Indian or Alaska Native 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0
      Asian 8 10 11 10 12 9 10 13 9 8
      Black or African American 8 7 8 10 7 7 5 3 4 6
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      White 81 134 138 121 116 118 134 147 112 95
      More than one race 5 5 6 6 9 7 7 6 2 5
    Unknown ethnicity and race 4 12 5 16 11 11 18 22 9 6
  Temporary visa holders 60 83 67 80 95 71 68 68 33 44
  Science and engineering 143 228 203 207 215 183 202 214 145 137
    Science 118 183 151 163 169 129 154 147 101 105
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 41 70 61 54 50 33 46 24 24 24
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 15 26 31 26 16 18 16 14 6 7
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 8 13 8 7 11 8 7 10 13 13
      Mathematics and statistics 8 15 11 12 19 15 10 17 10 3
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 7 8 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 2 16 7 18 19 6 16 22 2 0
      Psychology 7 11 13 12 12 15 19 20 5 7
      Social sciences 30 24 18 33 42 34 40 40 41 51
    Engineering 25 45 52 44 46 54 48 67 44 32
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 4 14 17 3 5 11 14 13 12 0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 4 0 4 2 3 4 2 14 7 0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 3 7 13 19 13 18 8 12 5 1
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 6 5 6 5 11 11 8 7 2 1
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 3 8 4 8 10 6 7 4 6 5
      Mechanical engineering 3 10 6 4 2 4 9 17 12 25
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 2 1 2 3 2 0 0 0 0 0
    Health 34 35 52 51 52 57 57 63 31 35
      Clinical medicine 9 8 9 17 19 18 10 25 8 10
      Other health 25 27 43 34 33 39 47 38 23 25

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health receiving primary support from federal sources, by field: 2024–15
Field 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All surveyed fields 578 525 534 591 471 459 486 525 497 509
  Science and engineering 527 470 480 502 419 410 420 447 434 440
    Science 407 358 364 376 309 316 317 347 338 321
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 221 188 213 195 179 186 179 197 157 152
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 33 26 19 29 26 22 22 22 19 9
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 4 3 4 2 6 5 3 4 8 5
      Mathematics and statistics 8 3 4 21 1 1 11 7 4 6
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 26 25 30 35 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 70 63 57 61 49 63 70 68 80 75
      Psychology 36 42 32 29 42 34 26 36 24 35
      Social sciences 9 8 5 4 6 5 6 13 25 19
    Engineering 120 112 116 126 110 94 103 100 96 119
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 26 22 25 33 26 18 20 18 22 34
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 14 14 10 7 8 8 5 7 7 9
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 11 8 13 23 27 27 23 25 16 16
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 20 23 18 21 15 15 25 22 28 31
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 7 5 12 11 9 6 3 5 3 7
      Mechanical engineering 35 34 33 25 19 20 22 16 20 22
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 7 6 5 6 6 0 5 7 0 0
    Health 51 55 54 89 52 49 66 78 63 69
      Clinical medicine 24 25 24 23 36 35 34 34 42 31
      Other health 27 30 30 66 16 14 32 44 21 38

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by type and primary source of support: 2024–15
Type and primary source of support 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All types and sources of support 1,763 1,614 1,607 1,621 1,572 1,606 1,548 1,624 1,710 1,755
  Fellowships 221 196 179 237 188 222 252 245 220 170
    Federal 120 104 113 117 61 116 161 156 131 103
    Institutional 90 84 63 111 106 97 69 77 69 53
    Nonfederal 11 8 3 9 21 9 22 12 20 14
  Research assistantships 843 770 726 679 636 628 613 654 657 726
    Federal 443 417 417 376 285 331 323 365 363 394
    Institutional 295 257 239 224 303 243 232 245 223 243
    Nonfederal 105 96 70 79 48 54 58 44 71 89
  Teaching assistantships 455 444 474 458 312 536 478 498 535 544
    Federal 1 0 0 1 63 10 0 0 0 0
    Institutional 452 441 471 455 221 521 476 498 533 543
    Nonfederal 2 3 3 2 28 5 2 0 2 1
  Other types of support 244 204 228 247 436 220 205 227 298 315
    Federal 14 4 4 97 62 2 2 4 3 12
    Institutional 38 36 48 41 214 15 4 9 10 14
    Nonfederal 55 49 53 27 21 5 1 1 2 0
    Personal resources 137 115 123 82 139 198 198 213 283 289

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Postdoctorates in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2024–15
All races 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  Science and engineering 164 171 159 160 153 131 144 125 159 159
    Science 135 138 128 126 128 120 135 122 142 135
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 82 85 85 79 84 86 104 98 113 95
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 3 2 0 1 2 3 7 5 2 4
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 1 0 0 1 6 1 2 0 0 1
      Mathematics and statistics 5 6 3 0 0 1 1 1 1 1
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 33 25 24 20 25 21 15 14 19 29
      Psychology 7 12 10 12 7 8 6 4 7 5
      Social sciences 4 8 6 13 4 0 0 0 0 0
    Engineering 29 33 31 34 25 11 9 3 17 24
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 2 2 3 4 5 0 0 0 1 2
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 2 2 2 1 1 6 5 2 2 4
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 11 12 10 10 7 0 0 0 9 16
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 4 8 8 7 0 5 4 0 2 2
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0
      Mechanical engineering 10 9 8 12 12 0 0 1 1 0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Health 167 162 146 143 141 186 218 204 186 187
      Clinical medicine 136 128 125 123 118 170 197 186 172 169
      Other health 31 34 21 20 23 16 21 18 14 18

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Federally supported science, engineering, and health postdoctorates, by field: 2024–15
Field 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All surveyed fields 172 158 163 170 107 184 192 173 180 182
  Science and engineering 92 80 86 83 63 100 106 85 111 104
    Science 78 67 79 69 55 96 99 85 104 97
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 39 36 48 41 36 67 76 65 86 67
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 3 0 0 1 2 3 7 4 2 2
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 0 0 0 0 2 1 2 0 0 0
      Mathematics and statistics 4 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 24 17 23 16 11 18 10 12 9 23
      Psychology 6 7 4 6 3 7 4 4 6 4
      Social sciences 2 3 2 5 1 0 0 0 0 0
    Engineering 14 13 7 14 8 4 7 0 7 7
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 0 0 0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 10 9 4 6 2 0 0 0 4 6
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 0 0 0 0 0 3 4 0 2 1
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
      Mechanical engineering 4 4 3 6 6 0 0 0 0 0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Health 80 78 77 87 44 84 86 88 69 78
      Clinical medicine 63 63 68 75 34 74 73 74 57 64
      Other health 17 15 9 12 10 10 13 14 12 14

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Total R&D expenditures, by field: 2024–15
(Dollars in thousands)
Field 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  All R&D fields 703,326 662,134 594,215 553,876 538,583 508,353 511,973 494,280 473,362 443,218
    Science 606,684 568,267 511,420 474,419 462,360 433,432 433,405 412,262 400,621 373,052
      Computer and information sciences 4,524 4,037 4,187 4,180 3,547 3,599 3,017 2,327 2,496 1,661
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 3,560 3,415 3,663 1,971 2,441 2,088 2,113 2,434 1,941 2,839
        Atmospheric science and meteorology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Geological and earth sciences 1,475 1,504 1,684 579 1,196 830 809 1,199 745 1,410
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec 2,085 1,911 1,979 1,392 1,245 1,258 1,304 1,235 1,196 1,429
      Life sciences 512,503 478,820 431,761 415,734 414,459 385,909 386,776 368,252 348,075 322,019
        Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Biological and biomedical sciences 159,176 148,336 132,705 134,116 126,870 122,729 127,863 118,976 110,542 91,361
        Health sciences 350,855 327,000 295,198 278,735 284,636 260,702 255,499 245,202 233,618 207,186
        Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Life sciences nec 2,472 3,484 3,858 2,883 2,953 2,478 3,414 4,074 3,915 23,472
      Mathematics and statistics 1,157 1,074 690 406 624 710 749 773 835 924
      Physical sciences 61,770 63,779 55,128 32,013 23,226 24,300 25,142 21,629 22,073 21,033
        Astronomy and astrophysics 1,122 1,154 486 267 712 1,178 794 1,113 1,393 1,315
        Chemistry 5,627 6,051 6,339 5,342 5,415 4,659 5,293 5,738 6,596 6,420
        Materials science 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Physics 55,021 56,574 48,303 26,404 17,099 18,463 19,055 14,778 14,084 13,298
        Physical sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Psychology 13,687 10,435 10,399 10,981 8,817 8,086 7,115 7,556 7,653 7,519
      Social sciences 5,008 4,172 3,682 6,010 6,875 7,575 6,913 6,625 13,457 12,656
        Anthropology 249 214 28 17 78 118 41 85 349 0
        Economics 1,070 453 356 598 505 564 793 702 619 403
        Political science and government 600 583 501 518 473 338 275 388 538 9,249
        Sociology, demography, and population studies 564 569 621 728 754 651 32 43 118 210
        Social sciences nec 2,525 2,353 2,176 4,149 5,065 5,904 5,772 5,407 11,833 2,794
      Sciences nec 4,475 2,535 1,910 3,124 2,371 1,165 1,580 2,666 4,091 4,401
    Engineering 58,044 57,579 49,233 47,722 48,433 50,377 50,848 54,200 47,097 50,476
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 3,039 2,706 1,377 1,021 588 787 973 906 839 1,004
      Chemical engineering 2,181 1,359 948 699 1,529 1,060 1,357 2,327 1,558 1,689
      Civil engineering 26,583 26,022 19,430 21,349 21,652 23,273 24,490 26,376 24,754 24,706
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering 2,598 2,085 2,174 2,457 3,616 3,905 4,493 4,584 4,785 4,007
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering 159 617 681 973 757 798 817 1,013 888 0
      Mechanical engineering 2,152 1,607 1,740 1,879 1,946 1,803 1,731 1,790 2,830 3,205
      Metallurgical and materials engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Engineering nec 21,332 23,183 22,883 19,344 18,345 18,751 16,987 17,204 11,443 15,865
    Non-S&E 38,598 36,288 33,562 31,735 27,790 24,544 27,720 27,818 25,644 19,690
      Business management and business administration 9,061 8,882 7,487 6,482 5,337 5,043 5,909 5,283 4,404 3,999
      Communication and communications technologies 1,407 1,045 891 655 347 428 400 715 1,343 507
      Education 14,030 11,668 12,175 12,265 11,774 9,138 10,129 10,578 10,587 7,349
      Humanities 6,200 6,479 5,426 4,320 2,441 2,738 3,391 3,597 3,405 2,928
      Law 872 1,063 737 656 829 1,221 1,248 567 504 458
      Social work 330 603 998 1,007 1,405 958 361 387 556 821
      Visual and performing arts 371 475 199 337 184 276 266 276 460 434
      Non-S&E nec 6,327 6,073 5,649 6,013 5,473 4,742 6,016 6,415 4,385 3,194

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Total R&D expenditures, by source of funds and R&D field: 2024
(Dollars in thousands)
Field All R&D expenditures Federal government State and local government Institution funds Business Nonprofit organizations All other sources
  All R&D fields 703,326 338,639 5,280 251,469 39,196 28,018 40,724
    Science 606,684 303,455 2,295 204,687 36,371 26,094 33,782
      Computer and information sciences 4,524 2,980 0 1,096 0 0 448
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 3,560 1,137 1,051 1,312 0 13 47
        Atmospheric science and meteorology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Geological and earth sciences 1,475 948 0 467 0 13 47
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec 2,085 189 1,051 845 0 0 0
      Life sciences 512,503 232,504 1,171 185,361 36,371 24,782 32,314
        Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Biological and biomedical sciences 159,176 94,641 464 45,182 2,602 11,952 4,335
        Health sciences 350,855 137,565 707 138,005 33,769 12,830 27,979
        Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Life sciences nec 2,472 298 0 2,174 0 0 0
      Mathematics and statistics 1,157 746 0 338 0 36 37
      Physical sciences 61,770 55,287 66 5,871 0 415 131
        Astronomy and astrophysics 1,122 1,024 0 93 0 4 1
        Chemistry 5,627 4,087 66 1,207 0 202 65
        Materials science 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Physics 55,021 50,176 0 4,571 0 209 65
        Physical sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Psychology 13,687 9,041 0 4,318 0 146 182
      Social sciences 5,008 1,143 7 2,972 0 435 451
        Anthropology 249 114 0 97 0 35 3
        Economics 1,070 23 0 414 0 240 393
        Political science and government 600 360 0 124 0 61 55
        Sociology, demography, and population studies 564 84 7 404 0 69 0
        Social sciences nec 2,525 562 0 1,933 0 30 0
      Sciences nec 4,475 617 0 3,419 0 267 172
    Engineering 58,044 28,476 1,530 23,397 2,198 640 1,803
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 3,039 562 0 1,458 0 110 909
      Chemical engineering 2,181 276 0 1,279 383 0 243
      Civil engineering 26,583 14,531 1,265 10,306 123 133 225
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering 2,598 1,401 0 1,124 0 0 73
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering 159 75 0 81 0 0 3
      Mechanical engineering 2,152 380 0 1,565 0 23 184
      Metallurgical and materials engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Engineering nec 21,332 11,251 265 7,584 1,692 374 166
    Non-S&E 38,598 6,708 1,455 23,385 627 1,284 5,139
      Business management and business administration 9,061 919 7 4,423 0 0 3,712
      Communication and communications technologies 1,407 494 0 639 0 4 270
      Education 14,030 2,300 1,448 8,361 473 470 978
      Humanities 6,200 2,848 0 2,486 153 570 143
      Law 872 129 0 711 0 11 21
      Social work 330 11 0 239 1 75 4
      Visual and performing arts 371 0 0 359 0 3 9
      Non-S&E nec 6,327 7 0 6,167 0 151 2

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Federally funded R&D expenditures, by federal agency: 2024–15
(Dollars in thousands)
Source of funds 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
Federal Agencies 338,639 331,824 314,346 283,763 259,639 252,563 246,117 238,842 237,743 225,587
  DOD 14,524 16,153 16,617 15,123 14,506 15,346 12,852 13,189 10,702 12,251
  DOE 5,650 4,514 3,726 3,135 3,249 2,412 1,889 2,184 2,833 2,022
  HHS 239,266 232,801 223,247 218,208 207,042 198,962 190,845 186,014 187,346 174,715
  NASA 47,381 49,232 42,072 20,876 11,649 14,128 17,226 12,752 10,465 9,445
  NSF 14,104 12,035 12,113 10,635 9,691 9,713 9,994 11,799 13,032 13,170
  USDA 1,184 1,252 963 740 798 494 457 817 993 928
  Other 16,530 15,837 15,608 15,046 12,704 11,508 12,854 12,087 12,372 13,056

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Headcount of R&D personnel: 2024–18 [temporarily discontinued]
Year
2024 . . . .
2023 . . . .
2022 . . . .
2021 . . . .
2020 . . . .
2019 6,588 1,048 5,540 .
2018 6,516 1,030 5,486 .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field: 2023–14
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space 2023 2021 2019 2017 2015
  All research space 694 716 670 641 676
    Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Biological and biomedical sciences 221 231 211 208 211
    Computer and information sciences 3 4 4 1 2
    Engineering 103 119 120 130 126
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 4 2 3 3 2
    Health sciences 255 249 228 210 226
    Mathematics and statistics 1 0 1 1 1
    Natural resources and conservation 2 0 0 0 0
    Physical sciences 81 82 81 69 87
    Psychology 24 24 19 18 18
    Social sciences 1 3 3 2 4
    Other 1 1 1 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

New construction of science and engineering research space, by field and time of construction: 2025–16
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space 24,958 110,976 0 10,193 52,609
    Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Biological and biomedical sciences 0 5,474 0 0 0
    Computer and information sciences 14,000 0 0 0 0
    Engineering 0 2,552 0 0 18,555
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Health sciences 10,958 102,950 0 0 34,054
    Mathematics and statistics 0 0 0 0 0
    Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0
    Physical sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Psychology 0 0 0 10,193 0
    Social sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Other 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

Costs for repair and renovation of science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field and time of repair and renovation: 2025–16
(Dollars in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space 37,781 48,744 18,370 28,296 47,578
    Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Biological and biomedical sciences 0 19,428 1,229 1,962 5,881
    Computer and information sciences 0 0 1,241 0 0
    Engineering 1,901 0 422 771 1,875
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 0 0 490 0 0
    Health sciences 26,340 22,758 8,885 22,975 38,691
    Mathematics and statistics 0 0 0 0 250
    Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0
    Physical sciences 9,540 6,558 816 2,147 432
    Psychology 0 0 1,830 441 450
    Social sciences 0 0 3,457 0 0
    Other 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

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