U. Iowa

Rankings

Data year Earned doctorates Full-time graduate students Total R&D expenditures Research space
Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked
2024 69 85.3 459 96 85.1 631 53 94.4 925
2023 63 86.6 459 104 85 679 51 94.6 911 107 82.5 602
2022 61 87 457 98 85.9 680 52 94.4 900
2021 60 86.9 447 92 86.9 691 50 94.6 908 100 83.2 583
2020 63 86.3 450 86 87.9 698 52 94.5 916
2019 59 87.1 447 91 87.2 697 53 94.4 914 105 82.5 589
2018 58 86.8 428 96 86.6 700 50 94.7 911
2017 50 88.6 425 91 87 684 49 94.7 898 102 82.6 575
2016 47 89.4 430 90 87.3 697 48 94.8 896
2015 51 88.4 426 88 87.6 693 49 94.7 898 93 84 570
NOTES:
  • 1. See TableBuilder for the prior year data.
  • 2. Blank white cells indicate data not available, not applicable, or institution not eligible for survey.
  • 3. Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

Data

Number of earned doctorates, by trend major field of study of recipients: 2024–15
Fields 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All fields 281 308 319 286 302 311 322 347 368 344
  Science and engineering 218 233 239 216 206 224 237 247 244 234
    Agricultural sciences and natural resources . . . 1 . . . . . .
      Agricultural sciences . . . 1 . . . . . .
      Natural resources and conservation . . . . . . . . . .
    Biological and biomedical sciences 62 71 72 60 49 57 81 50 75 80
      Biochemistry and biophysics 2 3 7 5 6 11 6 3 4 3
      Biology and biomedical sciences, general 5 9 9 9 3 1 4 1 4 3
      Bioinformatics, biostatistics, and computational biology 6 7 5 4 2 5 11 6 9 4
      Cellular and developmental biology, and anatomy 1 3 . 1 1 2 4 3 4 5
      Ecology, evolutionary biology, and epidemiology 6 7 6 3 5 6 8 2 10 6
      Genetics and genomics 13 4 4 6 7 4 9 3 6 8
      Microbiology and immunology 10 11 10 5 7 5 12 9 13 16
      Molecular biology 3 4 5 6 5 5 4 6 2 7
      Neurobiology and neurosciences 10 8 9 7 7 10 9 7 9 10
      Pharmacology and toxicology 3 3 7 7 2 6 4 5 7 7
      Physiology, pathology, and cancer biology 3 11 9 7 4 2 10 3 4 10
      Biology and biomedical sciences, other . 1 1 . . . . 2 3 1
    Computer and information sciences 12 9 4 7 9 10 1 6 4 10
      Computer science 12 6 3 4 7 8 1 4 4 7
      Computer and information sciences, other . 3 1 3 2 2 . 2 . 3
    Engineering 27 43 30 35 30 35 29 52 31 32
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 9 8 4 5 5 9 3 13 8 7
      Chemical and petroleum engineering . 7 3 1 4 5 5 2 2 6
      Civil, environmental, and transportation engineering 5 11 9 8 3 6 4 7 6 6
      Electrical and computer engineering 2 6 5 8 3 8 7 14 7 6
      Industrial engineering and operations research 3 3 3 4 6 . 2 2 2 2
      Materials and mining engineering 1 1 . . . . . 1 1 .
      Mechanical engineering 7 3 4 8 9 6 8 12 4 4
      Engineering, other . 4 2 1 . 1 . 1 1 1
    Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 4 3 3 4 5 5 5 6 6 1
      Geological sciences 2 2 2 3 4 2 1 5 4 1
      Ocean, marine, and atmospheric sciences 2 1 1 1 1 3 4 1 2 .
    Health sciences 23 24 40 21 30 24 27 23 34 25
      Nursing science 1 1 5 3 3 2 4 4 4 3
      Pharmaceutical sciences 11 7 12 5 6 9 8 4 11 9
      Public health 8 8 16 3 8 5 7 10 8 2
      Health sciences, other 3 8 7 10 13 8 8 5 11 11
    Mathematics and statistics 16 14 20 20 17 20 13 28 20 10
      Applied mathematics 2 6 4 3 3 4 8 10 5 2
      Mathematics . 1 2 3 2 5 1 7 6 4
      Statistics 4 2 7 4 6 4 1 3 . 2
      Mathematics and statistics, other 10 5 7 10 6 7 3 8 9 2
    Physical sciences 35 32 35 32 27 32 36 33 28 23
      Astronomy and astrophysics 6 2 5 5 1 . 1 2 2 1
      Chemistry 22 24 22 20 21 23 23 23 18 12
      Physics 7 6 8 7 5 9 12 8 8 10
    Psychology 21 16 13 20 22 23 19 27 25 25
      Clinical psychology 4 3 3 5 2 8 3 9 2 3
      Counseling and applied psychology 11 7 6 12 8 9 10 6 8 7
      Research and experimental psychology 3 3 1 3 9 3 4 4 11 10
      Psychology, other 3 3 3 . 3 3 2 8 4 5
    Social sciences 18 21 22 16 17 18 26 22 21 28
      Anthropology 1 . 4 1 2 2 . 2 3 4
      Economics . 5 1 2 6 2 6 5 3 4
      Political science and government 5 4 5 6 2 2 7 4 5 1
      Public policy analysis . . 1 . . . . 1 . 1
      Sociology, demography, and population studies 6 4 5 1 2 2 3 1 2 6
      Social sciences, other 6 8 6 6 5 10 10 9 8 12
  Non-science and engineering 63 75 80 70 96 87 85 100 124 110
    Business 16 11 11 9 8 12 5 14 12 12
      Business 16 11 11 9 8 12 5 14 12 12
    Education 17 40 38 35 40 35 33 34 43 41
      Education leadership and administration 1 6 1 2 3 1 2 4 2 .
      Education research 9 28 24 22 24 26 20 19 26 28
      Teacher education and teaching fields 7 6 10 11 13 8 11 11 14 13
      Education, other . . 3 . . . . . 1 .
    Humanities and arts 24 15 26 19 38 32 35 42 53 44
      Letters 7 4 12 11 10 11 15 11 18 18
      Foreign languages and literature . 2 1 1 5 3 3 5 7 4
      History 3 2 4 1 6 4 5 8 12 7
      Philosophy and religious studies 3 1 4 2 6 3 2 7 3 5
      Music and performing arts 8 3 2 . 4 8 4 4 5 3
      Humanities and arts, other 3 3 3 4 7 3 6 7 8 7
    Other non-science and engineering 6 9 5 7 10 8 12 10 16 13
      Communication 5 5 4 5 8 6 11 8 14 10
      Public administration and social services 1 3 . . 2 1 1 2 . 2
      Non-science and engineering, other . 1 1 2 . 1 . . 2 1

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2024–15
All races 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents   1,133   1,056   1,100   1,139   1,129   1,094   1,051   1,106   1,121   1,151
    Hispanic or Latino   101   93   93   108   102   96   86   89   67   73
    Not Hispanic or Latino   967   915   965   989   975   937   904   976   1,030   1,046
      American Indian or Alaska Native   2   1   3   2   2   3   0   2   2   5
      Asian   58   49   54   62   60   60   51   58   58   59
      Black or African American   28   31   28   31   38   34   42   44   43   41
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander   0   1   0   1   1   0   0   1   3   2
      White   841   794   843   849   832   798   776   843   905   926
      More than one race   38   39   37   44   42   42   35   28   19   13
    Unknown ethnicity and race   65   48   42   42   52   61   61   41   24   32
  Temporary visa holders   630   558   507   482   443   512   497   518   589   604
  Science and engineering   1,462   1,333   1,351   1,367   1,313   1,360   1,287   1,324   1,502   1,518
    Science   1,199   1,101   1,126   1,114   1,074   1,126   1,062   1,112   1,241   1,234
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological and biomedical sciences   473   416   431   425   430   415   373   409   394   402
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Computer and information sciences   92   79   81   77   74   84   85   87   110   76
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   21   18   25   23   23   28   25   24   27   22
      Mathematics and statistics   184   184   174   168   145   157   148   125   172   185
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   60   60   61   64   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Physical sciences   200   178   176   179   171   198   190   208   223   228
      Psychology   74   63   67   60   120   112   114   123   55   64
      Social sciences   95   103   111   118   111   132   127   136   222   218
    Engineering   263   232   225   253   239   234   225   212   261   284
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   67   55   50   65   53   44   41   40   57   67
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   25   32   29   30   26   26   26   21   23   30
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   30   23   25   40   53   57   58   50   68   57
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   45   43   43   40   34   36   38   50   61   71
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   23   15   24   23   23   28   19   14   15   14
      Mechanical engineering   65   54   47   47   41   43   34   27   37   45
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Other engineering   8   10   7   8   9   0   9   10   0   0
    Health   301   281   256   254   259   246   261   300   208   237
      Clinical medicine   34   32   30   32   45   40   42   47   60   36
      Other health   267   249   226   222   214   206   219   253   148   201

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Part-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2024–15
All races 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents   117   180   188   178   172   169   191   209   143   128
    Hispanic or Latino   10   12   19   15   17   17   16   17   6   8
    Not Hispanic or Latino   103   156   164   147   144   141   157   170   128   114
      American Indian or Alaska Native   0   0   0   0   0   0   1   1   1   0
      Asian   8   10   11   10   12   9   10   13   9   8
      Black or African American   8   7   8   10   7   7   5   3   4   6
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander   1   0   1   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      White   81   134   138   121   116   118   134   147   112   95
      More than one race   5   5   6   6   9   7   7   6   2   5
    Unknown ethnicity and race   4   12   5   16   11   11   18   22   9   6
  Temporary visa holders   60   83   67   80   95   71   68   68   33   44
  Science and engineering   143   228   203   207   215   183   202   214   145   137
    Science   118   183   151   163   169   129   154   147   101   105
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological and biomedical sciences   41   70   61   54   50   33   46   24   24   24
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Computer and information sciences   15   26   31   26   16   18   16   14   6   7
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   8   13   8   7   11   8   7   10   13   13
      Mathematics and statistics   8   15   11   12   19   15   10   17   10   3
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   7   8   2   1   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Physical sciences   2   16   7   18   19   6   16   22   2   0
      Psychology   7   11   13   12   12   15   19   20   5   7
      Social sciences   30   24   18   33   42   34   40   40   41   51
    Engineering   25   45   52   44   46   54   48   67   44   32
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   4   14   17   3   5   11   14   13   12   0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   4   0   4   2   3   4   2   14   7   0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   3   7   13   19   13   18   8   12   5   1
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   6   5   6   5   11   11   8   7   2   1
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   3   8   4   8   10   6   7   4   6   5
      Mechanical engineering   3   10   6   4   2   4   9   17   12   25
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Other engineering   2   1   2   3   2   0   0   0   0   0
    Health   34   35   52   51   52   57   57   63   31   35
      Clinical medicine   9   8   9   17   19   18   10   25   8   10
      Other health   25   27   43   34   33   39   47   38   23   25

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health receiving primary support from federal sources, by field: 2024–15
Field 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All surveyed fields   578   525   534   591   471   459   486   525   497   509
  Science and engineering   527   470   480   502   419   410   420   447   434   440
    Science   407   358   364   376   309   316   317   347   338   321
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological and biomedical sciences   221   188   213   195   179   186   179   197   157   152
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Computer and information sciences   33   26   19   29   26   22   22   22   19   9
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   4   3   4   2   6   5   3   4   8   5
      Mathematics and statistics   8   3   4   21   1   1   11   7   4   6
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   26   25   30   35   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Physical sciences   70   63   57   61   49   63   70   68   80   75
      Psychology   36   42   32   29   42   34   26   36   24   35
      Social sciences   9   8   5   4   6   5   6   13   25   19
    Engineering   120   112   116   126   110   94   103   100   96   119
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   26   22   25   33   26   18   20   18   22   34
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   14   14   10   7   8   8   5   7   7   9
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   11   8   13   23   27   27   23   25   16   16
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   20   23   18   21   15   15   25   22   28   31
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   7   5   12   11   9   6   3   5   3   7
      Mechanical engineering   35   34   33   25   19   20   22   16   20   22
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Other engineering   7   6   5   6   6   0   5   7   0   0
    Health   51   55   54   89   52   49   66   78   63   69
      Clinical medicine   24   25   24   23   36   35   34   34   42   31
      Other health   27   30   30   66   16   14   32   44   21   38

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by type and primary source of support: 2024–15
Type and primary source of support 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All types and sources of support   1,763   1,614   1,607   1,621   1,572   1,606   1,548   1,624   1,710   1,755
  Fellowships   221   196   179   237   188   222   252   245   220   170
    Federal   120   104   113   117   61   116   161   156   131   103
    Institutional   90   84   63   111   106   97   69   77   69   53
    Nonfederal   11   8   3   9   21   9   22   12   20   14
  Research assistantships   843   770   726   679   636   628   613   654   657   726
    Federal   443   417   417   376   285   331   323   365   363   394
    Institutional   295   257   239   224   303   243   232   245   223   243
    Nonfederal   105   96   70   79   48   54   58   44   71   89
  Teaching assistantships   455   444   474   458   312   536   478   498   535   544
    Federal   1   0   0   1   63   10   0   0   0   0
    Institutional   452   441   471   455   221   521   476   498   533   543
    Nonfederal   2   3   3   2   28   5   2   0   2   1
  Other types of support   244   204   228   247   436   220   205   227   298   315
    Federal   14   4   4   97   62   2   2   4   3   12
    Institutional   38   36   48   41   214   15   4   9   10   14
    Nonfederal   55   49   53   27   21   5   1   1   2   0
    Personal resources   137   115   123   82   139   198   198   213   283   289

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Postdoctorates in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2024–15
All races 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  Science and engineering   164   171   159   160   153   131   144   125   159   159
    Science   135   138   128   126   128   120   135   122   142   135
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological and biomedical sciences   82   85   85   79   84   86   104   98   113   95
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Computer and information sciences   3   2   0   1   2   3   7   5   2   4
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   1   0   0   1   6   1   2   0   0   1
      Mathematics and statistics   5   6   3   0   0   1   1   1   1   1
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Physical sciences   33   25   24   20   25   21   15   14   19   29
      Psychology   7   12   10   12   7   8   6   4   7   5
      Social sciences   4   8   6   13   4   0   0   0   0   0
    Engineering   29   33   31   34   25   11   9   3   17   24
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   2   2   3   4   5   0   0   0   1   2
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   2   2   2   1   1   6   5   2   2   4
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   11   12   10   10   7   0   0   0   9   16
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   4   8   8   7   0   5   4   0   2   2
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   2   0
      Mechanical engineering   10   9   8   12   12   0   0   1   1   0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Other engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
    Health   167   162   146   143   141   186   218   204   186   187
      Clinical medicine   136   128   125   123   118   170   197   186   172   169
      Other health   31   34   21   20   23   16   21   18   14   18

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Federally supported science, engineering, and health postdoctorates, by field: 2024–15
Field 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All surveyed fields   172   158   163   170   107   184   192   173   180   182
  Science and engineering   92   80   86   83   63   100   106   85   111   104
    Science   78   67   79   69   55   96   99   85   104   97
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological and biomedical sciences   39   36   48   41   36   67   76   65   86   67
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Computer and information sciences   3   0   0   1   2   3   7   4   2   2
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   0   0   0   0   2   1   2   0   0   0
      Mathematics and statistics   4   4   2   0   0   0   0   0   1   1
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Physical sciences   24   17   23   16   11   18   10   12   9   23
      Psychology   6   7   4   6   3   7   4   4   6   4
      Social sciences   2   3   2   5   1   0   0   0   0   0
    Engineering   14   13   7   14   8   4   7   0   7   7
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   0   0   0   2   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   0   0   0   0   0   1   3   0   0   0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   10   9   4   6   2   0   0   0   4   6
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   0   0   0   0   0   3   4   0   2   1
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   1   0
      Mechanical engineering   4   4   3   6   6   0   0   0   0   0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Other engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
    Health   80   78   77   87   44   84   86   88   69   78
      Clinical medicine   63   63   68   75   34   74   73   74   57   64
      Other health   17   15   9   12   10   10   13   14   12   14

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Total R&D expenditures, by field: 2024–15
(Dollars in thousands)
Field 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  All R&D fields   703,326   662,134   594,215   553,876   538,583   508,353   511,973   494,280   473,362   443,218
    Science   606,684   568,267   511,420   474,419   462,360   433,432   433,405   412,262   400,621   373,052
      Computer and information sciences   4,524   4,037   4,187   4,180   3,547   3,599   3,017   2,327   2,496   1,661
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   3,560   3,415   3,663   1,971   2,441   2,088   2,113   2,434   1,941   2,839
        Atmospheric science and meteorology   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Geological and earth sciences   1,475   1,504   1,684   579   1,196   830   809   1,199   745   1,410
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec   2,085   1,911   1,979   1,392   1,245   1,258   1,304   1,235   1,196   1,429
      Life sciences   512,503   478,820   431,761   415,734   414,459   385,909   386,776   368,252   348,075   322,019
        Agricultural sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Biological and biomedical sciences   159,176   148,336   132,705   134,116   126,870   122,729   127,863   118,976   110,542   91,361
        Health sciences   350,855   327,000   295,198   278,735   284,636   260,702   255,499   245,202   233,618   207,186
        Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Life sciences nec   2,472   3,484   3,858   2,883   2,953   2,478   3,414   4,074   3,915   23,472
      Mathematics and statistics   1,157   1,074   690   406   624   710   749   773   835   924
      Physical sciences   61,770   63,779   55,128   32,013   23,226   24,300   25,142   21,629   22,073   21,033
        Astronomy and astrophysics   1,122   1,154   486   267   712   1,178   794   1,113   1,393   1,315
        Chemistry   5,627   6,051   6,339   5,342   5,415   4,659   5,293   5,738   6,596   6,420
        Materials science   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Physics   55,021   56,574   48,303   26,404   17,099   18,463   19,055   14,778   14,084   13,298
        Physical sciences nec   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Psychology   13,687   10,435   10,399   10,981   8,817   8,086   7,115   7,556   7,653   7,519
      Social sciences   5,008   4,172   3,682   6,010   6,875   7,575   6,913   6,625   13,457   12,656
        Anthropology   249   214   28   17   78   118   41   85   349   0
        Economics   1,070   453   356   598   505   564   793   702   619   403
        Political science and government   600   583   501   518   473   338   275   388   538   9,249
        Sociology, demography, and population studies   564   569   621   728   754   651   32   43   118   210
        Social sciences nec   2,525   2,353   2,176   4,149   5,065   5,904   5,772   5,407   11,833   2,794
      Sciences nec   4,475   2,535   1,910   3,124   2,371   1,165   1,580   2,666   4,091   4,401
    Engineering   58,044   57,579   49,233   47,722   48,433   50,377   50,848   54,200   47,097   50,476
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering   3,039   2,706   1,377   1,021   588   787   973   906   839   1,004
      Chemical engineering   2,181   1,359   948   699   1,529   1,060   1,357   2,327   1,558   1,689
      Civil engineering   26,583   26,022   19,430   21,349   21,652   23,273   24,490   26,376   24,754   24,706
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering   2,598   2,085   2,174   2,457   3,616   3,905   4,493   4,584   4,785   4,007
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering   159   617   681   973   757   798   817   1,013   888   0
      Mechanical engineering   2,152   1,607   1,740   1,879   1,946   1,803   1,731   1,790   2,830   3,205
      Metallurgical and materials engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Engineering nec   21,332   23,183   22,883   19,344   18,345   18,751   16,987   17,204   11,443   15,865
    Non-S&E   38,598   36,288   33,562   31,735   27,790   24,544   27,720   27,818   25,644   19,690
      Business management and business administration   9,061   8,882   7,487   6,482   5,337   5,043   5,909   5,283   4,404   3,999
      Communication and communications technologies   1,407   1,045   891   655   347   428   400   715   1,343   507
      Education   14,030   11,668   12,175   12,265   11,774   9,138   10,129   10,578   10,587   7,349
      Humanities   6,200   6,479   5,426   4,320   2,441   2,738   3,391   3,597   3,405   2,928
      Law   872   1,063   737   656   829   1,221   1,248   567   504   458
      Social work   330   603   998   1,007   1,405   958   361   387   556   821
      Visual and performing arts   371   475   199   337   184   276   266   276   460   434
      Non-S&E nec   6,327   6,073   5,649   6,013   5,473   4,742   6,016   6,415   4,385   3,194

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Total R&D expenditures, by source of funds and R&D field: 2024
(Dollars in thousands)
Field All R&D expenditures Federal government State and local government Institution funds Business Nonprofit organizations All other sources
  All R&D fields   703,326   338,639   5,280   251,469   39,196   28,018   40,724
    Science   606,684   303,455   2,295   204,687   36,371   26,094   33,782
      Computer and information sciences   4,524   2,980   0   1,096   0   0   448
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   3,560   1,137   1,051   1,312   0   13   47
        Atmospheric science and meteorology   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Geological and earth sciences   1,475   948   0   467   0   13   47
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec   2,085   189   1,051   845   0   0   0
      Life sciences   512,503   232,504   1,171   185,361   36,371   24,782   32,314
        Agricultural sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Biological and biomedical sciences   159,176   94,641   464   45,182   2,602   11,952   4,335
        Health sciences   350,855   137,565   707   138,005   33,769   12,830   27,979
        Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Life sciences nec   2,472   298   0   2,174   0   0   0
      Mathematics and statistics   1,157   746   0   338   0   36   37
      Physical sciences   61,770   55,287   66   5,871   0   415   131
        Astronomy and astrophysics   1,122   1,024   0   93   0   4   1
        Chemistry   5,627   4,087   66   1,207   0   202   65
        Materials science   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Physics   55,021   50,176   0   4,571   0   209   65
        Physical sciences nec   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Psychology   13,687   9,041   0   4,318   0   146   182
      Social sciences   5,008   1,143   7   2,972   0   435   451
        Anthropology   249   114   0   97   0   35   3
        Economics   1,070   23   0   414   0   240   393
        Political science and government   600   360   0   124   0   61   55
        Sociology, demography, and population studies   564   84   7   404   0   69   0
        Social sciences nec   2,525   562   0   1,933   0   30   0
      Sciences nec   4,475   617   0   3,419   0   267   172
    Engineering   58,044   28,476   1,530   23,397   2,198   640   1,803
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering   3,039   562   0   1,458   0   110   909
      Chemical engineering   2,181   276   0   1,279   383   0   243
      Civil engineering   26,583   14,531   1,265   10,306   123   133   225
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering   2,598   1,401   0   1,124   0   0   73
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering   159   75   0   81   0   0   3
      Mechanical engineering   2,152   380   0   1,565   0   23   184
      Metallurgical and materials engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Engineering nec   21,332   11,251   265   7,584   1,692   374   166
    Non-S&E   38,598   6,708   1,455   23,385   627   1,284   5,139
      Business management and business administration   9,061   919   7   4,423   0   0   3,712
      Communication and communications technologies   1,407   494   0   639   0   4   270
      Education   14,030   2,300   1,448   8,361   473   470   978
      Humanities   6,200   2,848   0   2,486   153   570   143
      Law   872   129   0   711   0   11   21
      Social work   330   11   0   239   1   75   4
      Visual and performing arts   371   0   0   359   0   3   9
      Non-S&E nec   6,327   7   0   6,167   0   151   2

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Federally funded R&D expenditures, by federal agency: 2024–15
(Dollars in thousands)
Source of funds 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
Federal Agencies   338,639   331,824   314,346   283,763   259,639   252,563   246,117   238,842   237,743   225,587
  DOD   14,524   16,153   16,617   15,123   14,506   15,346   12,852   13,189   10,702   12,251
  DOE   5,650   4,514   3,726   3,135   3,249   2,412   1,889   2,184   2,833   2,022
  HHS   239,266   232,801   223,247   218,208   207,042   198,962   190,845   186,014   187,346   174,715
  NASA   47,381   49,232   42,072   20,876   11,649   14,128   17,226   12,752   10,465   9,445
  NSF   14,104   12,035   12,113   10,635   9,691   9,713   9,994   11,799   13,032   13,170
  USDA   1,184   1,252   963   740   798   494   457   817   993   928
  Other   16,530   15,837   15,608   15,046   12,704   11,508   12,854   12,087   12,372   13,056

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Headcount of R&D personnel: 2024–18 [temporarily discontinued]
Year
2024   .   .   .   .
2023   .   .   .   .
2022   .   .   .   .
2021   .   .   .   .
2020   .   .   .   .
2019   6,588   1,048   5,540   .
2018   6,516   1,030   5,486   .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field: 2023–14
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space 2023 2021 2019 2017 2015
  All research space   694   716   670   641   676
    Agricultural sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Biological and biomedical sciences   221   231   211   208   211
    Computer and information sciences   3   4   4   1   2
    Engineering   103   119   120   130   126
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   4   2   3   3   2
    Health sciences   255   249   228   210   226
    Mathematics and statistics   1   0   1   1   1
    Natural resources and conservation   2   0   0   0   0
    Physical sciences   81   82   81   69   87
    Psychology   24   24   19   18   18
    Social sciences   1   3   3   2   4
    Other   1   1   1   0   0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

New construction of science and engineering research space, by field and time of construction: 2025–16
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space   24,958   110,976   0   10,193   52,609
    Agricultural sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Biological and biomedical sciences   0   5,474   0   0   0
    Computer and information sciences   14,000   0   0   0   0
    Engineering   0   2,552   0   0   18,555
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Health sciences   10,958   102,950   0   0   34,054
    Mathematics and statistics   0   0   0   0   0
    Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   0   0
    Physical sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Psychology   0   0   0   10,193   0
    Social sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Other   0   0   0   0   0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

Costs for repair and renovation of science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field and time of repair and renovation: 2025–16
(Dollars in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space   37,781   48,744   18,370   28,296   47,578
    Agricultural sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Biological and biomedical sciences   0   19,428   1,229   1,962   5,881
    Computer and information sciences   0   0   1,241   0   0
    Engineering   1,901   0   422   771   1,875
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   0   0   490   0   0
    Health sciences   26,340   22,758   8,885   22,975   38,691
    Mathematics and statistics   0   0   0   0   250
    Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   0   0
    Physical sciences   9,540   6,558   816   2,147   432
    Psychology   0   0   1,830   441   450
    Social sciences   0   0   3,457   0   0
    Other   0   0   0   0   0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

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