U. Iowa

Rankings

Data year Earned doctorates Full-time graduate students Total R&D expenditures
Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked
2023 63 86.6 459 104 85 679 107 82.5 602 51 94.6 914
2022 61 87 457 98 85.9 680 52 94.4 900
2021 60 86.9 447 92 86.9 691 100 83.2 583 50 94.6 908
2020 63 86.3 450 86 87.9 698 52 94.5 916
2019 59 87.1 447 91 87.2 697 105 82.5 589 53 94.4 914
2018 58 86.8 428 96 86.6 700 50 94.7 911
2017 50 88.6 425 91 87 684 102 82.6 575 49 94.7 898
2016 47 89.4 430 90 87.3 697 48 94.8 896
2015 51 88.4 426 88 87.6 693 93 84 570 49 94.7 898
2014 48 89 422 85 87.9 688 45 95.1 889
NOTES:
  • 1. See TableBuilder for the prior year data.
  • 2. Blank white cells indicate data not available, not applicable, or institution not eligible for survey.
  • 3. Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

Data

Number of earned doctorates, by trend major field of study of recipients: 2023–14
Fields 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All fields 308 319 286 302 311 322 347 368 344 361
  Science and engineering 233 239 216 206 224 237 247 244 234 258
    Agricultural sciences and natural resources . . 1 . . . . . . 2
      Agricultural sciences . . 1 . . . . . . 1
      Natural resources and conservation . . . . . . . . . 1
    Biological and biomedical sciences 71 72 60 49 57 81 50 75 80 79
      Biochemistry and biophysics 3 7 5 6 11 6 3 4 3 2
      Biology and biomedical sciences, general 9 9 9 3 1 4 1 4 3 2
      Bioinformatics, biostatistics, and computational biology 7 5 4 2 5 11 6 9 4 1
      Cellular and developmental biology, and anatomy 3 . 1 1 2 4 3 4 5 3
      Ecology, evolutionary biology, and epidemiology 7 6 3 5 6 8 2 10 6 4
      Genetics and genomics 4 4 6 7 4 9 3 6 8 11
      Microbiology and immunology 11 10 5 7 5 12 9 13 16 19
      Molecular biology 4 5 6 5 5 4 6 2 7 10
      Neurobiology and neurosciences 8 9 7 7 10 9 7 9 10 9
      Pharmacology and toxicology 3 7 7 2 6 4 5 7 7 12
      Physiology, pathology, and cancer biology 11 9 7 4 2 10 3 4 10 5
      Biology and biomedical sciences, other 1 1 . . . . 2 3 1 1
    Computer and information sciences 9 4 7 9 10 1 6 4 10 3
      Computer science 6 3 4 7 8 1 4 4 7 2
      Computer and information sciences, other 3 1 3 2 2 . 2 . 3 1
    Engineering 43 30 35 30 35 29 52 31 32 37
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 8 4 5 5 9 3 13 8 7 9
      Chemical and petroleum engineering 7 3 1 4 5 5 2 2 6 2
      Civil, environmental, and transportation engineering 11 9 8 3 6 4 7 6 6 9
      Electrical and computer engineering 6 5 8 3 8 7 14 7 6 6
      Industrial engineering and operations research 3 3 4 6 . 2 2 2 2 4
      Materials and mining engineering 1 . . . . . 1 1 . .
      Mechanical engineering 3 4 8 9 6 8 12 4 4 7
      Engineering, other 4 2 1 . 1 . 1 1 1 .
    Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 3 3 4 5 5 5 6 6 1 4
      Geological sciences 2 2 3 4 2 1 5 4 1 3
      Ocean, marine, and atmospheric sciences 1 1 1 1 3 4 1 2 . 1
    Health sciences 24 40 21 30 24 27 23 34 25 37
      Nursing science 1 5 3 3 2 4 4 4 3 8
      Pharmaceutical sciences 7 12 5 6 9 8 4 11 9 11
      Public health 8 16 3 8 5 7 10 8 2 5
      Health sciences, other 8 7 10 13 8 8 5 11 11 13
    Mathematics and statistics 14 20 20 17 20 13 28 20 10 17
      Applied mathematics 6 4 3 3 4 8 10 5 2 5
      Mathematics 1 2 3 2 5 1 7 6 4 6
      Statistics 2 7 4 6 4 1 3 . 2 2
      Mathematics and statistics, other 5 7 10 6 7 3 8 9 2 4
    Physical sciences 32 35 32 27 32 36 33 28 23 30
      Astronomy and astrophysics 2 5 5 1 . 1 2 2 1 1
      Chemistry 24 22 20 21 23 23 23 18 12 22
      Physics 6 8 7 5 9 12 8 8 10 7
    Psychology 16 13 20 22 23 19 27 25 25 14
      Clinical psychology 3 3 5 2 8 3 9 2 3 .
      Counseling and applied psychology 7 6 12 8 9 10 6 8 7 7
      Research and experimental psychology 3 1 3 9 3 4 4 11 10 5
      Psychology, other 3 3 . 3 3 2 8 4 5 2
    Social sciences 21 22 16 17 18 26 22 21 28 35
      Anthropology . 4 1 2 2 . 2 3 4 3
      Economics 5 1 2 6 2 6 5 3 4 5
      Political science and government 4 5 6 2 2 7 4 5 1 5
      Public policy analysis . 1 . . . . 1 . 1 1
      Sociology, demography, and population studies 4 5 1 2 2 3 1 2 6 6
      Social sciences, other 8 6 6 5 10 10 9 8 12 15
  Non-science and engineering 75 80 70 96 87 85 100 124 110 103
    Business 11 11 9 8 12 5 14 12 12 7
      Business 11 11 9 8 12 5 14 12 12 7
    Education 40 38 35 40 35 33 34 43 41 39
      Education leadership and administration 6 1 2 3 1 2 4 2 . 3
      Education research 28 24 22 24 26 20 19 26 28 22
      Teacher education and teaching fields 6 10 11 13 8 11 11 14 13 14
      Education, other . 3 . . . . . 1 . .
    Humanities and arts 15 26 19 38 32 35 42 53 44 43
      Letters 4 12 11 10 11 15 11 18 18 12
      Foreign languages and literature 2 1 1 5 3 3 5 7 4 4
      History 2 4 1 6 4 5 8 12 7 11
      Philosophy and religious studies 1 4 2 6 3 2 7 3 5 3
      Music and performing arts 3 2 . 4 8 4 4 5 3 6
      Humanities and arts, other 3 3 4 7 3 6 7 8 7 7
    Other non-science and engineering 9 5 7 10 8 12 10 16 13 14
      Communication 5 4 5 8 6 11 8 14 10 12
      Public administration and social services 3 . . 2 1 1 2 . 2 2
      Non-science and engineering, other 1 1 2 . 1 . . 2 1 .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2023–14
All races 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
    Male 809 832 845 828 878 838 898 1,000 993 958
    Female 805 775 776 744 728 710 726 710 762 768
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents 1,056 1,100 1,139 1,129 1,094 1,051 1,106 1,121 1,151 1,144
    Hispanic or Latino 93 93 108 102 96 86 89 67 73 77
    Not Hispanic or Latino 915 965 989 975 937 904 976 1,030 1,046 1,047
      American Indian or Alaska Native 1 3 2 2 3 0 2 2 5 4
      Asian 49 54 62 60 60 51 58 58 59 65
      Black or African American 31 28 31 38 34 42 44 43 41 37
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 3 2 2
      White 794 843 849 832 798 776 843 905 926 931
      More than one race 39 37 44 42 42 35 28 19 13 8
    Unknown ethnicity and race 48 42 42 52 61 61 41 24 32 20
  Temporary visa holders 558 507 482 443 512 497 518 589 604 582
  Science and engineering 1,333 1,351 1,367 1,313 1,360 1,287 1,324 1,502 1,518 1,420
    Science 1,101 1,126 1,114 1,074 1,126 1,062 1,112 1,241 1,234 1,142
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 416 431 425 430 415 373 409 394 402 384
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 79 81 77 74 84 85 87 110 76 60
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 18 25 23 23 28 25 24 27 22 23
      Mathematics and statistics 184 174 168 145 157 148 125 172 185 197
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 60 61 64 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 178 176 179 171 198 190 208 223 228 213
      Psychology 63 67 60 120 112 114 123 55 64 69
      Social sciences 103 111 118 111 132 127 136 222 218 154
    Engineering 232 225 253 239 234 225 212 261 284 278
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 55 50 65 53 44 41 40 57 67 76
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 32 29 30 26 26 26 21 23 30 32
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 23 25 40 53 57 58 50 68 57 69
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 43 43 40 34 36 38 50 61 71 53
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 15 24 23 23 28 19 14 15 14 17
      Mechanical engineering 54 47 47 41 43 34 27 37 45 31
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 10 7 8 9 0 9 10 0 0 0
  Health 281 256 254 259 246 261 300 208 237 306
    Clinical medicine 32 30 32 45 40 42 47 60 36 28
    Other health 249 226 222 214 206 219 253 148 201 278

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Part-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2023–14
All races 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
    Male 143 133 139 144 119 139 163 95 80 65
    Female 120 122 119 123 121 120 114 81 92 82
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents 180 188 178 172 169 191 209 143 128 109
    Hispanic or Latino 12 19 15 17 17 16 17 6 8 6
    Not Hispanic or Latino 156 164 147 144 141 157 170 128 114 97
      American Indian or Alaska Native 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0
      Asian 10 11 10 12 9 10 13 9 8 3
      Black or African American 7 8 10 7 7 5 3 4 6 5
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      White 134 138 121 116 118 134 147 112 95 89
      More than one race 5 6 6 9 7 7 6 2 5 0
    Unknown ethnicity and race 12 5 16 11 11 18 22 9 6 6
  Temporary visa holders 83 67 80 95 71 68 68 33 44 38
  Science and engineering 228 203 207 215 183 202 214 145 137 102
    Science 183 151 163 169 129 154 147 101 105 72
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 70 61 54 50 33 46 24 24 24 15
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 26 31 26 16 18 16 14 6 7 9
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 13 8 7 11 8 7 10 13 13 12
      Mathematics and statistics 15 11 12 19 15 10 17 10 3 6
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 8 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 16 7 18 19 6 16 22 2 0 0
      Psychology 11 13 12 12 15 19 20 5 7 3
      Social sciences 24 18 33 42 34 40 40 41 51 27
    Engineering 45 52 44 46 54 48 67 44 32 30
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 14 17 3 5 11 14 13 12 0 0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 4 2 3 4 2 14 7 0 0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 7 13 19 13 18 8 12 5 1 3
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 5 6 5 11 11 8 7 2 1 7
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 8 4 8 10 6 7 4 6 5 2
      Mechanical engineering 10 6 4 2 4 9 17 12 25 18
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 1 2 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
  Health 35 52 51 52 57 57 63 31 35 45
    Clinical medicine 8 9 17 19 18 10 25 8 10 6
    Other health 27 43 34 33 39 47 38 23 25 39

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health receiving primary support from federal sources, by field: 2023–14
Field 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All surveyed fields 525 534 591 471 459 486 525 497 509 485
  Science and engineering 470 480 502 419 410 420 447 434 440 421
    Science 358 364 376 309 316 317 347 338 321 305
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 188 213 195 179 186 179 197 157 152 169
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 26 19 29 26 22 22 22 19 9 11
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 3 4 2 6 5 3 4 8 5 2
      Mathematics and statistics 3 4 21 1 1 11 7 4 6 11
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 25 30 35 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 63 57 61 49 63 70 68 80 75 51
      Psychology 42 32 29 42 34 26 36 24 35 31
      Social sciences 8 5 4 6 5 6 13 25 19 8
    Engineering 112 116 126 110 94 103 100 96 119 116
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 22 25 33 26 18 20 18 22 34 32
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 14 10 7 8 8 5 7 7 9 9
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 8 13 23 27 27 23 25 16 16 23
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 23 18 21 15 15 25 22 28 31 23
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 5 12 11 9 6 3 5 3 7 11
      Mechanical engineering 34 33 25 19 20 22 16 20 22 18
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 6 5 6 6 0 5 7 0 0 0
  Health 55 54 89 52 49 66 78 63 69 64
    Clinical medicine 25 24 23 36 35 34 34 42 31 26
    Other health 30 30 66 16 14 32 44 21 38 38

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by type and primary source of support: 2023–14
Type and primary source of support 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All types and sources of support 1,614 1,607 1,621 1,572 1,606 1,548 1,624 1,710 1,755 1,726
  Fellowships 196 179 237 188 222 252 245 220 170 241
    Federal 104 113 117 61 116 161 156 131 103 130
    Institutional 84 63 111 106 97 69 77 69 53 82
    Nonfederal 8 3 9 21 9 22 12 20 14 29
  Research assistantships 770 726 679 636 628 613 654 657 726 663
    Federal 417 417 376 285 331 323 365 363 394 352
    Institutional 257 239 224 303 243 232 245 223 243 221
    Nonfederal 96 70 79 48 54 58 44 71 89 90
  Teaching assistantships 444 474 458 312 536 478 498 535 544 550
    Federal 0 0 1 63 10 0 0 0 0 0
    Institutional 441 471 455 221 521 476 498 533 543 550
    Nonfederal 3 3 2 28 5 2 0 2 1 0
  Other types of support 204 228 247 436 220 205 227 298 315 272
    Federal 4 4 97 62 2 2 4 3 12 3
    Institutional 36 48 41 214 15 4 9 10 14 16
    Nonfederal 49 53 27 21 5 1 1 2 0 2
    Personal resources 115 123 82 139 198 198 213 283 289 251

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Postdoctorates in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2023–14
All races 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
  Science and engineering 171 159 160 153 131 144 125 159 159 166
    Science 138 128 126 128 120 135 122 142 135 150
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 85 85 79 84 86 104 98 113 95 105
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 2 0 1 2 3 7 5 2 4 3
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 0 0 1 6 1 2 0 0 1 1
      Mathematics and statistics 6 3 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 6
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 25 24 20 25 21 15 14 19 29 25
      Psychology 12 10 12 7 8 6 4 7 5 9
      Social sciences 8 6 13 4 0 0 0 0 0 1
    Engineering 33 31 34 25 11 9 3 17 24 16
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 2 3 4 5 0 0 0 1 2 3
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 2 2 1 1 6 5 2 2 4 4
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 12 10 10 7 0 0 0 9 16 5
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 8 8 7 0 5 4 0 2 2 3
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 9 8 12 12 0 0 1 1 0 1
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  Health 162 146 143 141 186 218 204 186 187 189
    Clinical medicine 128 125 123 118 170 197 186 172 169 174
    Other health 34 21 20 23 16 21 18 14 18 15

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Federally supported science, engineering, and health postdoctorates, by field: 2023–14
Field 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All surveyed fields 158 163 170 107 184 192 173 180 182 190
  Science and engineering 80 86 83 63 100 106 85 111 104 108
    Science 67 79 69 55 96 99 85 104 97 100
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 36 48 41 36 67 76 65 86 67 69
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 0 0 1 2 3 7 4 2 2 2
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 0 0 0 2 1 2 0 0 0 0
      Mathematics and statistics 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 17 23 16 11 18 10 12 9 23 19
      Psychology 7 4 6 3 7 4 4 6 4 7
      Social sciences 3 2 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
    Engineering 13 7 14 8 4 7 0 7 7 8
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 0 0 0 1 3 0 0 0 2
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 9 4 6 2 0 0 0 4 6 4
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 0 0 0 0 3 4 0 2 1 2
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 4 3 6 6 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  Health 78 77 87 44 84 86 88 69 78 82
    Clinical medicine 63 68 75 34 74 73 74 57 64 73
    Other health 15 9 12 10 10 13 14 12 14 9

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Total R&D expenditures, by field: 2023–14
(Dollars in thousands)
Field 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
  All R&D fields 662,134 594,215 553,876 538,583 508,353 511,973 494,280 473,362 443,218 449,147
    Science 568,267 511,420 474,419 462,360 433,432 433,405 412,262 400,621 373,052 388,717
      Computer and information sciences 4,037 4,187 4,180 3,547 3,599 3,017 2,327 2,496 1,661 2,142
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 3,415 3,663 1,971 2,441 2,088 2,113 2,434 1,941 2,839 2,766
        Atmospheric science and meteorology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Geological and earth sciences 1,504 1,684 579 1,196 830 809 1,199 745 1,410 1,363
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec 1,911 1,979 1,392 1,245 1,258 1,304 1,235 1,196 1,429 1,403
      Life sciences 478,820 431,761 415,734 414,459 385,909 386,776 368,252 348,075 322,019 339,591
        Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Biological and biomedical sciences 148,336 132,705 134,116 126,870 122,729 127,863 118,976 110,542 91,361 92,446
        Health sciences 327,000 295,198 278,735 284,636 260,702 255,499 245,202 233,618 207,186 226,085
        Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Life sciences nec 3,484 3,858 2,883 2,953 2,478 3,414 4,074 3,915 23,472 21,060
      Mathematics and statistics 1,074 690 406 624 710 749 773 835 924 1,119
      Physical sciences 63,779 55,128 32,013 23,226 24,300 25,142 21,629 22,073 21,033 20,704
        Astronomy and astrophysics 1,154 486 267 712 1,178 794 1,113 1,393 1,315 1,393
        Chemistry 6,051 6,339 5,342 5,415 4,659 5,293 5,738 6,596 6,420 5,236
        Materials science 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Physics 56,574 48,303 26,404 17,099 18,463 19,055 14,778 14,084 13,298 14,075
        Physical sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Psychology 10,435 10,399 10,981 8,817 8,086 7,115 7,556 7,653 7,519 8,776
      Social sciences 4,172 3,682 6,010 6,875 7,575 6,913 6,625 13,457 12,656 9,753
        Anthropology 214 28 17 78 118 41 85 349 0 0
        Economics 453 356 598 505 564 793 702 619 403 106
        Political science and government 583 501 518 473 338 275 388 538 9,249 6,161
        Sociology, demography, and population studies 569 621 728 754 651 32 43 118 210 437
        Social sciences nec 2,353 2,176 4,149 5,065 5,904 5,772 5,407 11,833 2,794 3,049
      Sciences nec 2,535 1,910 3,124 2,371 1,165 1,580 2,666 4,091 4,401 3,866
    Engineering 57,579 49,233 47,722 48,433 50,377 50,848 54,200 47,097 50,476 48,135
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 2,706 1,377 1,021 588 787 973 906 839 1,004 445
      Chemical engineering 1,359 948 699 1,529 1,060 1,357 2,327 1,558 1,689 1,795
      Civil engineering 26,022 19,430 21,349 21,652 23,273 24,490 26,376 24,754 24,706 24,440
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering 2,085 2,174 2,457 3,616 3,905 4,493 4,584 4,785 4,007 3,341
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering 617 681 973 757 798 817 1,013 888 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 1,607 1,740 1,879 1,946 1,803 1,731 1,790 2,830 3,205 3,485
      Metallurgical and materials engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Engineering nec 23,183 22,883 19,344 18,345 18,751 16,987 17,204 11,443 15,865 14,629
    Non-S&E 36,288 33,562 31,735 27,790 24,544 27,720 27,818 25,644 19,690 12,295
      Business management and business administration 8,882 7,487 6,482 5,337 5,043 5,909 5,283 4,404 3,999 823
      Communication and communications technologies 1,045 891 655 347 428 400 715 1,343 507 730
      Education 11,668 12,175 12,265 11,774 9,138 10,129 10,578 10,587 7,349 3,439
      Humanities 6,479 5,426 4,320 2,441 2,738 3,391 3,597 3,405 2,928 2,784
      Law 1,063 737 656 829 1,221 1,248 567 504 458 65
      Social work 603 998 1,007 1,405 958 361 387 556 821 398
      Visual and performing arts 475 199 337 184 276 266 276 460 434 632
      Non-S&E nec 6,073 5,649 6,013 5,473 4,742 6,016 6,415 4,385 3,194 3,424

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Total R&D expenditures, by source of funds and R&D field: 2023
(Dollars in thousands)
Field All R&D expenditures Federal government State and local government Institution funds Business Nonprofit organizations All other sources
  All R&D fields 662,134 331,824 7,627 228,803 34,039 24,365 35,476
    Science 568,267 298,050 3,644 184,105 31,051 22,060 29,357
      Computer and information sciences 4,037 2,227 0 1,287 19 0 504
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 3,415 1,130 964 1,284 0 29 8
        Atmospheric science and meteorology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Geological and earth sciences 1,504 920 0 547 0 29 8
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec 1,911 210 964 737 0 0 0
      Life sciences 478,820 228,930 2,406 167,333 30,969 21,020 28,162
        Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Biological and biomedical sciences 148,336 91,907 642 39,212 3,197 9,417 3,961
        Health sciences 327,000 136,737 1,764 124,937 27,772 11,602 24,188
        Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Life sciences nec 3,484 286 0 3,184 0 1 13
      Mathematics and statistics 1,074 706 0 300 0 48 20
      Physical sciences 63,779 57,100 236 5,966 21 281 175
        Astronomy and astrophysics 1,154 1,055 2 92 0 3 2
        Chemistry 6,051 4,319 149 1,379 0 117 87
        Materials science 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Physics 56,574 51,726 85 4,495 21 161 86
        Physical sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Psychology 10,435 7,031 0 3,073 0 229 102
      Social sciences 4,172 896 30 2,735 42 193 276
        Anthropology 214 138 0 64 0 10 2
        Economics 453 20 0 207 0 0 226
        Political science and government 583 180 0 193 40 122 48
        Sociology, demography, and population studies 569 129 14 407 0 19 0
        Social sciences nec 2,353 429 16 1,864 2 42 0
      Sciences nec 2,535 30 8 2,127 0 260 110
    Engineering 57,579 27,689 3,139 21,790 2,276 817 1,868
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 2,706 606 0 1,075 0 0 1,025
      Chemical engineering 1,359 108 0 902 117 0 232
      Civil engineering 26,022 12,023 2,896 10,265 225 363 250
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering 2,085 1,064 0 954 24 0 43
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering 617 394 0 217 0 0 6
      Mechanical engineering 1,607 488 0 914 0 0 205
      Metallurgical and materials engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Engineering nec 23,183 13,006 243 7,463 1,910 454 107
    Non-S&E 36,288 6,085 844 22,908 712 1,488 4,251
      Business management and business administration 8,882 910 7 4,834 0 16 3,115
      Communication and communications technologies 1,045 352 0 452 0 0 241
      Education 11,668 1,702 837 7,268 508 602 751
      Humanities 6,479 2,686 0 2,769 189 736 99
      Law 1,063 223 0 765 0 62 13
      Social work 603 206 0 377 15 0 5
      Visual and performing arts 475 0 0 470 0 0 5
      Non-S&E nec 6,073 6 0 5,973 0 72 22

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Federally funded R&D expenditures, by federal agency: 2023–14
(Dollars in thousands)
Source of funds 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
Federal Agencies 331,824 314,346 283,763 259,639 252,563 246,117 238,842 237,743 225,587 235,527
  DOD 16,153 16,617 15,123 14,506 15,346 12,852 13,189 10,702 12,251 12,449
  DOE 4,514 3,726 3,135 3,249 2,412 1,889 2,184 2,833 2,022 2,247
  HHS 232,801 223,247 218,208 207,042 198,962 190,845 186,014 187,346 174,715 185,170
  NASA 49,232 42,072 20,876 11,649 14,128 17,226 12,752 10,465 9,445 9,945
  NSF 12,035 12,113 10,635 9,691 9,713 9,994 11,799 13,032 13,170 14,062
  USDA 1,252 963 740 798 494 457 817 993 928 911
  Other 15,837 15,608 15,046 12,704 11,508 12,854 12,087 12,372 13,056 10,743

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Headcount of R&D personnel: 2023–17 [temporarily discontinued]
Year
2023 . . . .
2022 . . . .
2021 . . . .
2020 . . . .
2019 6,588 1,048 5,540 .
2018 6,516 1,030 5,486 .
2017 6,652 1,029 5,623 .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field: 2023–14
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space 2023 2021 2019 2017 2015
  All research space 694 716 670 641 676
    Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Biological and biomedical sciences 221 231 211 208 211
    Computer and information sciences 3 4 4 1 2
    Engineering 103 119 120 130 126
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 4 2 3 3 2
    Health sciences 255 249 228 210 226
    Mathematics and statistics 1 0 1 1 1
    Natural resources and conservation 2 0 0 0 0
    Physical sciences 81 82 81 69 87
    Psychology 24 24 19 18 18
    Social sciences 1 3 3 2 4
    Other 1 1 1 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

New construction of science and engineering research space, by field and time of construction: 2025–16
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space 24,958 110,976 . 10,193 52,609
    Biological and biomedical sciences 0 5,474 . 0 0
    Computer and information sciences 14,000 0 . 0 0
    Engineering 0 2,552 . 0 18,555
    Health sciences 10,958 102,950 . 0 34,054
    Psychology 0 0 . 10,193 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

Costs for repair and renovation of science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field and time of repair and renovation: 2025–16
(Dollars in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space 37,781 48,744 18,370 28,296 47,578
    Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Biological and biomedical sciences 0 19,428 1,229 1,962 5,881
    Computer and information sciences 0 0 1,241 0 0
    Engineering 1,901 0 422 771 1,875
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 0 0 490 0 0
    Health sciences 26,340 22,758 8,885 22,975 38,691
    Mathematics and statistics 0 0 0 0 250
    Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0
    Physical sciences 9,540 6,558 816 2,147 432
    Psychology 0 0 1,830 441 450
    Social sciences 0 0 3,457 0 0
    Other 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

Open printer friendly view

Back to Top of page.