U. Rochester

Rankings

Data year Earned doctorates Full-time graduate students Total R&D expenditures
Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked
2023 84 82.1 459 110 84.1 679 76 87.6 602 70 92.5 914
2022 92 80.2 457 106 84.7 680 65 93 900
2021 90 80.2 447 93 86.8 691 78 86.9 583 67 92.8 908
2020 89 80.6 450 90 87.4 698 66 93 916
2019 104 77.1 447 93 86.9 697 79 86.9 589 66 93 914
2018 91 79.1 428 95 86.7 700 67 92.8 911
2017 94 78.3 425 96 86.2 684 76 87.1 575 67 92.7 898
2016 81 81.5 430 111 84.4 697 66 92.8 896
2015 92 78.8 426 112 84.1 693 66 88.7 570 65 92.9 898
2014 83 80.7 422 110 84.3 688 63 93.1 889
NOTES:
  • 1. See TableBuilder for the prior year data.
  • 2. Blank white cells indicate data not available, not applicable, or institution not eligible for survey.
  • 3. Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

Data

Number of earned doctorates, by trend major field of study of recipients: 2023–14
Fields 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All fields 245 208 202 207 186 207 201 240 207 228
  Science and engineering 198 165 164 173 154 171 167 200 169 188
    Biological and biomedical sciences 52 45 50 60 45 60 50 74 62 59
      Biochemistry and biophysics 7 7 5 8 6 7 2 11 12 6
      Biology and biomedical sciences, general 1 3 5 7 4 5 6 7 5 1
      Bioinformatics, biostatistics, and computational biology 1 . 2 4 4 . . 3 . 2
      Cellular and developmental biology, and anatomy . . . . 1 1 . 5 1 3
      Ecology, evolutionary biology, and epidemiology . 3 4 6 5 4 4 5 4 8
      Genetics and genomics 3 2 1 5 4 7 3 3 6 2
      Microbiology and immunology 13 6 11 9 8 9 12 14 10 14
      Molecular biology 3 1 4 . 1 . 1 2 2 2
      Neurobiology and neurosciences 8 7 8 6 1 8 13 8 6 9
      Pharmacology and toxicology 10 13 5 10 4 11 4 8 4 7
      Physiology, pathology, and cancer biology 5 3 5 4 7 7 5 8 11 4
      Biology and biomedical sciences, other 1 . . 1 . 1 . . 1 1
    Computer and information sciences 14 10 11 9 7 8 4 6 6 13
      Computer science 14 8 11 9 5 8 4 5 6 13
      Computer and information sciences, other . 2 . . 2 . . 1 . .
    Engineering 36 23 22 24 19 28 24 32 24 27
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 10 7 5 6 9 6 3 7 11 4
      Chemical and petroleum engineering 3 4 4 2 2 3 1 3 3 4
      Electrical and computer engineering 13 4 7 13 4 10 13 12 6 14
      Industrial engineering and operations research . . . 1 . . . . . .
      Materials and mining engineering 3 6 2 1 3 5 4 7 3 4
      Mechanical engineering 7 2 4 1 1 3 3 3 1 1
      Engineering, other . . . . . 1 . . . .
    Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 2 3 3 4 1 1 4 2 1 .
      Geological sciences 2 3 2 3 . . 3 2 1 .
      Ocean, marine, and atmospheric sciences . . 1 1 1 1 1 . . .
    Health sciences 6 4 9 5 10 3 8 5 2 8
      Nursing science 1 . 1 1 . 1 . 1 . 1
      Public health 1 3 5 3 9 1 5 2 1 3
      Health sciences, other 4 1 3 1 1 1 3 2 1 4
    Mathematics and statistics 9 8 8 12 5 7 10 5 10 7
      Mathematics . . 1 5 2 1 1 . 3 3
      Statistics 2 3 . . . 3 4 . 3 3
      Mathematics and statistics, other 7 5 7 7 3 3 5 5 4 1
    Physical sciences 47 45 35 34 35 37 43 46 37 34
      Astronomy and astrophysics 3 4 6 3 3 2 4 1 1 4
      Chemistry 17 17 11 16 13 8 12 19 16 10
      Physics 27 24 18 15 19 27 27 26 20 20
    Psychology 11 18 12 12 20 14 13 14 15 17
      Clinical psychology 4 5 2 5 3 4 2 2 7 4
      Counseling and applied psychology 1 2 . . 2 1 1 3 . .
      Research and experimental psychology 6 8 8 5 15 6 10 8 7 13
      Psychology, other . 3 2 2 . 3 . 1 1 .
    Social sciences 21 9 14 13 12 13 11 16 12 23
      Economics 12 5 8 8 3 6 6 13 7 12
      Political science and government 7 4 5 4 9 7 5 3 4 7
      Public policy analysis 2 . . . . . . . 1 .
      Social sciences, other . . 1 1 . . . . . 4
  Non-science and engineering 47 43 38 34 32 36 34 40 38 40
    Business 10 3 8 6 5 8 6 6 7 3
      Business 10 3 8 6 5 8 6 6 7 3
    Education 13 10 8 8 14 9 11 14 11 9
      Education leadership and administration 2 . . 1 . 1 1 . . .
      Education research 4 4 3 4 8 5 6 3 8 4
      Teacher education and teaching fields 3 5 1 1 3 1 . 6 2 2
      Education, other 4 1 4 2 3 2 4 5 1 3
    Humanities and arts 24 27 22 20 13 19 17 18 18 28
      Letters 5 5 5 4 3 2 7 4 3 7
      History 3 4 2 6 1 3 2 4 2 7
      Philosophy and religious studies 2 4 . 1 2 2 1 2 3 2
      Music and performing arts 9 11 10 5 5 5 4 5 9 8
      Humanities and arts, other 5 3 5 4 2 7 3 3 1 4
    Other non-science and engineering . 3 . . . . . 2 2 .
      Communication . . . . . . . 1 2 .
      Public administration and social services . . . . . . . 1 . .
      Non-science and engineering, other . 3 . . . . . . . .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2023–14
All races 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
    Male 896 918 933 913 972 975 913 863 867 826
    Female 678 613 658 590 570 591 540 550 559 559
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents 796 793 882 818 777 818 902 782 791 788
    Hispanic or Latino 63 61 72 49 53 53 57 49 50 40
    Not Hispanic or Latino 695 707 771 737 714 747 730 711 721 737
      American Indian or Alaska Native 2 3 1 2 1 0 1 1 3 2
      Asian 86 84 86 78 73 80 65 65 61 60
      Black or African American 40 41 49 36 35 38 37 32 25 22
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 1 1 1 0 0 0 2 2 2 3
      White 536 559 613 602 590 613 609 595 620 644
      More than one race 30 19 21 19 15 16 16 16 10 6
    Unknown ethnicity and race 38 25 39 32 10 18 115 22 20 11
  Temporary visa holders 778 738 709 685 765 748 551 631 635 597
  Science and engineering 1,546 1,508 1,535 1,458 1,491 1,514 1,395 1,378 1,392 1,352
    Science 1,255 1,194 1,228 1,140 1,180 1,209 1,113 1,063 1,040 994
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 487 411 439 373 355 357 342 337 351 342
        Neurobiology and neuroscience 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 36 32 33
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 101 120 94 93 126 124 120 92 76 51
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 28 29 23 24 25 23 19 20 21 22
      Mathematics and statistics 83 68 78 79 69 72 67 39 39 36
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 397 385 402 387 378 408 391 318 312 292
      Psychology 85 84 85 81 75 74 88 110 90 98
      Social sciences 74 97 107 103 152 151 86 111 119 120
    Engineering 291 314 307 318 311 305 282 315 352 358
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 106 115 107 108 96 86 75 64 66 76
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 28 40 40 44 40 43 54 46 57 57
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 101 96 102 109 127 130 106 125 149 146
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 56 63 58 57 48 46 47 40 44 40
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 40 36 39
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Health 28 23 56 45 51 52 58 35 34 33
      Clinical medicine 8 6 38 25 5 11 11 16 13 14
      Other health 20 17 18 20 46 41 47 19 21 19

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Part-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2023–14
All races 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
    Male 52 38 31 28 28 30 43 56 50 41
    Female 62 47 30 48 57 45 43 52 35 42
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents 107 77 56 61 72 69 78 97 80 75
    Hispanic or Latino 5 4 3 4 2 2 1 5 4 1
    Not Hispanic or Latino 80 55 46 47 65 64 69 88 74 74
      American Indian or Alaska Native 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0
      Asian 10 7 4 8 11 9 6 13 8 4
      Black or African American 7 8 6 4 7 8 4 3 4 3
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      White 60 38 34 33 44 45 55 70 60 65
      More than one race 3 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 0 2
    Unknown ethnicity and race 22 18 7 10 5 3 8 4 2 0
  Temporary visa holders 7 8 5 15 13 6 8 11 5 8
  Science and engineering 79 52 37 31 28 29 45 53 39 49
    Science 71 47 33 27 25 21 24 41 25 39
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 36 18 13 14 8 7 7 12 9 8
        Neurobiology and neuroscience 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 2 1 2 0 1 3 3 2 0 0
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 0 0 0 1 2 1 2 0 0 0
      Mathematics and statistics 5 2 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 28 25 16 9 7 6 8 9 8 12
      Psychology 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 9 0 12
      Social sciences 0 1 0 3 6 4 4 9 8 7
    Engineering 8 5 4 4 3 8 21 12 14 10
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 2 1 4 1 1 4 3 5 4
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 1 1 1 0 1 3 3 1 1 1
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 6 1 1 0 0 2 10 4 2 2
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 1 1 1 0 1 2 4 3 4 2
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Health 35 33 24 45 57 46 41 55 46 34
      Clinical medicine 34 33 24 42 52 40 35 41 45 27
      Other health 1 0 0 3 5 6 6 14 1 7

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health receiving primary support from federal sources, by field: 2023–14
Field 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013
All surveyed fields 353 402 282 298 301 285 239 202 244 249 0
  Science and engineering 353 402 282 298 301 284 236 201 243 246 0
    Science 250 284 187 201 193 193 163 141 175 170 0
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 3 3 1 15 15 13 14 7 15 16 0
        Neurobiology and neuroscience 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 20 66 30 43 45 35 35 24 30 29 0
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 13 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 3 1 0
      Mathematics and statistics 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 194 201 145 136 121 136 110 94 120 106 0
      Psychology 20 14 10 5 12 9 4 14 7 18 0
      Social sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Engineering 103 118 95 97 108 91 73 60 68 76 0
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 31 37 23 24 38 30 21 14 12 17 0
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 6 13 13 11 16 11 7 4 10 8 0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 32 34 26 33 31 31 28 23 24 29 0
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 34 34 33 29 23 19 17 16 17 17 0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 5 5 0
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Health 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 1 1 3 0
      Clinical medicine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0
      Other health 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 1 1 1 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by type and primary source of support: 2023–14
2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All types and sources of support 1,574 1,531 1,591 1,503 1,542 1,566 1,453 1,413 1,426 1,385
  Fellowships 634 588 571 522 500 539 519 508 517 532
    Federal 61 69 43 59 48 54 47 59 69 68
    Institutional 570 515 527 462 447 480 450 438 438 450
    Nonfederal 3 4 1 1 5 5 22 11 10 14
  Research assistantships 505 542 442 395 408 365 326 299 313 270
    Federal 282 311 223 235 250 231 192 143 173 181
    Institutional 199 185 169 123 110 101 123 100 97 55
    Nonfederal 24 46 50 37 48 33 11 56 43 34
  Teaching assistantships 150 149 175 155 129 121 145 126 142 135
    Federal 5 9 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Institutional 145 140 160 152 127 121 144 126 142 135
    Nonfederal 0 0 0 3 2 0 1 0 0 0
  Other types of support 285 252 403 431 505 541 463 480 454 448
    Federal 5 13 1 4 3 0 0 0 2 0
    Institutional 54 82 147 167 264 337 245 191 215 245
    Nonfederal 14 2 3 8 0 6 0 0 1 13
    Personal resources 212 155 252 252 238 198 218 289 236 190

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Postdoctorates in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2023–14
All races 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
  Science and engineering 102 123 128 127 134 118 130 186 175 162
    Science 84 109 116 112 117 107 121 176 160 151
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 50 76 77 80 74 65 78 104 98 81
        Neurobiology and neuroscience 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 8 8
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 3 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 3 3 2 1 3 2 3 3 3 1
      Mathematics and statistics 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 16 19 25 26 35 34 33 42 38 50
      Psychology 11 10 11 5 5 6 7 7 12 10
      Social sciences 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0
    Engineering 18 14 12 15 17 11 9 10 15 11
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 7 9 5 6 12 7 4 3 6 6
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 5 1 2 3 2 1 1 2 5 5
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 5 4 5 6 3 2 4 4 4 0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Health 39 49 52 78 91 100 84 63 58 60
      Clinical medicine 36 45 49 73 84 90 77 51 49 51
      Other health 3 4 3 5 7 10 7 12 9 9

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Federally supported science, engineering, and health postdoctorates, by field: 2023–14
Field 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
All surveyed fields 108 121 127 141 127 116 113 147 159 136
  Science and engineering 86 94 100 101 92 77 79 111 116 95
    Science 72 83 89 86 78 68 74 104 106 85
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological and biomedical sciences 43 62 60 62 50 47 49 56 57 43
        Neurobiology and neuroscience 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 7 8
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Computer and information sciences 3 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 2 2 1 0 1 1 0 1 2 0
      Mathematics and statistics 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences 17 12 21 21 25 17 20 28 29 26
      Psychology 7 6 6 3 2 3 5 5 10 7
      Social sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Engineering 14 11 11 15 14 9 5 7 10 10
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 6 6 5 6 10 7 3 2 3 6
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 2 3 4
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 5 4 5 6 3 1 1 2 4 0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Health 22 27 27 40 35 39 34 36 43 41
      Clinical medicine 20 26 27 38 31 33 30 30 36 34
      Other health 2 1 0 2 4 6 4 6 7 7

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Total R&D expenditures, by field: 2023–14
(Dollars in thousands)
Field 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
  All R&D fields 481,227 450,805 409,255 397,211 393,960 370,645 353,003 346,165 346,932 353,419
    Science 455,440 426,085 390,278 379,658 377,403 355,654 341,328 334,131 261,166 256,930
      Computer and information sciences 3,544 3,099 3,608 4,021 3,657 3,557 2,948 3,209 2,934 2,719
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 3,103 2,724 2,536 3,104 2,765 2,702 2,696 2,136 1,941 1,380
        Atmospheric science and meteorology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Geological and earth sciences 3,103 2,724 2,536 3,104 2,765 2,702 2,696 2,136 1,941 1,380
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Life sciences 304,786 291,673 271,630 259,224 248,086 244,380 232,649 231,254 231,100 223,772
        Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Biological and biomedical sciences 71,596 61,720 56,944 54,066 53,241 53,493 48,761 50,169 52,216 45,596
        Health sciences 233,190 229,953 214,686 205,158 194,845 190,887 183,888 181,085 174,735 172,511
        Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Life sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4,149 5,665
      Mathematics and statistics 396 175 214 201 213 348 302 517 376 575
      Physical sciences 124,977 112,275 99,556 101,004 111,388 93,061 89,368 82,756 10,618 12,422
        Astronomy and astrophysics 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Chemistry 7,859 6,758 5,705 5,309 5,111 4,195 4,601 4,612 5,407 6,239
        Materials science 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Physics 117,118 105,517 93,851 95,695 106,277 88,866 84,767 78,144 5,211 6,183
        Physical sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Psychology 6,934 6,367 5,135 5,576 5,573 6,526 7,042 8,192 11,993 15,327
      Social sciences 1,167 634 343 279 219 180 201 51 30 121
        Anthropology 189 123 28 21 35 28 39 0 0 0
        Economics 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38
        Political science and government 684 335 52 171 149 125 68 21 4 0
        Sociology, demography, and population studies 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Social sciences nec 294 176 263 87 35 27 94 30 26 83
      Sciences nec 10,533 9,138 7,256 6,249 5,502 4,900 6,122 6,016 2,174 614
    Engineering 22,767 22,179 16,780 16,116 14,872 13,418 10,596 10,358 83,755 90,231
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 6,882 5,664 5,734 6,329 6,212 5,448 3,902 4,102 4,373 6,271
      Chemical engineering 1,409 1,647 1,020 1,062 1,008 771 764 1,119 1,301 1,432
      Civil engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering 6,847 5,945 4,712 4,431 4,631 4,026 3,130 2,437 2,931 3,824
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 6,732 7,745 4,512 3,367 1,954 1,537 885 1,232 68,439 72,161
      Metallurgical and materials engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Engineering nec 897 1,178 802 927 1,067 1,636 1,915 1,468 6,711 6,543
    Non-S&E 3,020 2,541 2,197 1,437 1,685 1,573 1,079 1,676 2,011 6,258
      Business management and business administration 120 166 106 124 159 150 107 89 58 146
      Communication and communications technologies 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 231
      Education 1,702 1,951 1,249 1,150 1,061 1,111 843 1,058 1,880 1,417
      Humanities 70 34 96 141 91 16 45 44 73 57
      Law 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Social work 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Visual and performing arts 17 56 455 12 2 0 0 51 0 68
      Non-S&E nec 1,111 334 291 10 372 296 84 434 0 4,339

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Total R&D expenditures, by source of funds and R&D field: 2023
(Dollars in thousands)
Field All R&D expenditures Federal government State and local government Institution funds Business Nonprofit organizations All other sources
  All R&D fields 481,227 368,190 3,666 57,142 30,075 16,014 6,140
    Science 455,440 347,331 2,669 55,073 29,342 15,627 5,398
      Computer and information sciences 3,544 2,464 0 521 371 188 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 3,103 2,366 203 436 0 78 20
        Atmospheric science and meteorology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Geological and earth sciences 3,103 2,366 203 436 0 78 20
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Life sciences 304,786 210,132 737 49,495 26,590 13,358 4,474
        Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Biological and biomedical sciences 71,596 59,741 0 8,073 401 3,207 174
        Health sciences 233,190 150,391 737 41,422 26,189 10,151 4,300
        Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Life sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mathematics and statistics 396 292 0 6 0 98 0
      Physical sciences 124,977 117,139 1,729 2,331 1,766 1,308 704
        Astronomy and astrophysics 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Chemistry 7,859 6,196 0 1,176 249 238 0
        Materials science 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Physics 117,118 110,943 1,729 1,155 1,517 1,070 704
        Physical sciences nec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Psychology 6,934 5,575 0 1,121 0 92 146
      Social sciences 1,167 506 0 275 0 386 0
        Anthropology 189 167 0 22 0 0 0
        Economics 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Political science and government 684 140 0 158 0 386 0
        Sociology, demography, and population studies 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Social sciences nec 294 199 0 95 0 0 0
      Sciences nec 10,533 8,857 0 888 615 119 54
    Engineering 22,767 18,978 0 1,942 733 375 739
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 6,882 6,238 0 473 13 158 0
      Chemical engineering 1,409 744 0 391 173 57 44
      Civil engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering 6,847 6,262 0 424 161 0 0
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering 6,732 5,734 0 452 386 160 0
      Metallurgical and materials engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Engineering nec 897 0 0 202 0 0 695
    Non-S&E 3,020 1,881 997 127 0 12 3
      Business management and business administration 120 95 0 25 0 0 0
      Communication and communications technologies 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Education 1,702 1,661 0 41 0 0 0
      Humanities 70 0 0 58 0 12 0
      Law 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Social work 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Visual and performing arts 17 11 0 3 0 0 3
      Non-S&E nec 1,111 114 997 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Federally funded R&D expenditures, by federal agency: 2023–14
(Dollars in thousands)
Source of funds 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014
Federal Agencies 368,190 334,503 309,647 296,241 306,551 285,330 267,860 266,322 262,681 266,767
  DOD 14,305 12,329 13,268 13,201 10,738 8,509 7,448 6,326 8,200 7,672
  DOE 106,915 91,685 83,975 83,859 94,427 79,551 75,340 69,787 70,098 66,896
  HHS 221,412 207,285 193,162 180,292 180,234 178,104 166,855 172,093 167,690 175,332
  NASA 1,766 1,825 1,394 1,729 1,946 1,333 1,954 1,891 1,577 1,257
  NSF 21,335 20,026 17,335 16,881 18,569 16,774 15,456 15,613 13,342 14,294
  USDA 0 20 138 157 85 23 7 11 75 69
  Other 2,457 1,333 375 122 552 1,036 800 601 1,699 1,247

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Headcount of R&D personnel: 2023–17 [temporarily discontinued]
Year
2023 . . . .
2022 . . . .
2021 . . . .
2020 . . . .
2019 4,110 935 3,175 .
2018 4,076 936 3,140 .
2017 4,114 889 3,225 .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field: 2023–14
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space 2023 2021 2019 2017 2015
  All research space 905 829 808 845 925
    Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Biological and biomedical sciences 321 289 278 288 319
    Computer and information sciences 7 8 7 9 7
    Engineering 52 44 40 42 47
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 9 11 12 6 7
    Health sciences 262 224 217 233 273
    Mathematics and statistics 0 0 0 0 0
    Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0
    Physical sciences 215 214 213 220 224
    Psychology 36 37 39 46 46
    Social sciences 3 2 2 1 2
    Other 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

New construction of science and engineering research space, by field and time of construction: 2025–16
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space . 55,800 . . . 0
    Health sciences . 1,800 . . . 0
    Physical sciences . 54,000 . . . 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

Costs for repair and renovation of science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field and time of repair and renovation: 2025–16
(Dollars in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space 6,392 20,515 8,440 7,690 42,780
    Agricultural sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Biological and biomedical sciences 0 0 0 0 2,565
    Computer and information sciences 0 0 0 0 19,900
    Engineering 0 0 0 5,759 8,685
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences 0 0 0 0 1,260
    Health sciences 2,000 14,780 6,143 0 4,674
    Mathematics and statistics 0 0 0 0 0
    Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0
    Physical sciences 4,392 5,735 2,297 1,586 4,890
    Psychology 0 0 0 345 806
    Social sciences 0 0 0 0 0
    Other 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

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