U. West Alabama, The

Rankings

Data year Earned doctorates Full-time graduate students Total R&D expenditures Research space
Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked
2024 494 22.5 631
2023 573 16.5 679
2022 523 23.9 680 745 18.1 900
2021 554 20.7 691 870 5.2 908
2020 532 24.6 698 774 16.4 916
2019 568 19.4 697 779 15.6 914
2018 572 19.1 700 780 15.2 911
2017 587 15.1 684 740 18.4 898
2016 670 4.8 697 855 5.5 896
2015 828 8.7 898
NOTES:
  • 1. See TableBuilder for the prior year data.
  • 2. Blank white cells indicate data not available, not applicable, or institution not eligible for survey.
  • 3. Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

Data

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2024–15
All races 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents 70 40 65 51 54 40 34 29 8 .
    Hispanic or Latino 4 4 6 1 3 2 1 0 0 .
    Not Hispanic or Latino 65 35 47 42 44 32 29 23 8 .
      American Indian or Alaska Native 1 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 .
      Asian 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Black or African American 6 2 6 6 5 5 5 5 2 .
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      White 53 29 40 33 36 26 22 17 6 .
      More than one race 5 3 0 1 2 1 2 1 0 .
    Unknown ethnicity and race 1 1 12 8 7 6 4 6 0 .
  Temporary visa holders 0 0 1 0 2 1 4 0 0 .
  Science and engineering 70 40 66 51 56 41 38 29 8 .
    Science 70 40 66 51 56 41 38 29 8 .
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Biological and biomedical sciences 63 34 51 46 39 25 19 12 0 .
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Computer and information sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Mathematics and statistics 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Physical sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Psychology 7 6 15 5 17 16 19 17 8 .
      Social sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
    Engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Mechanical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Clinical medicine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Other health 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Part-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2024–15
All races 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents 10 10 8 13 10 4 1 2 3 .
    Hispanic or Latino 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
    Not Hispanic or Latino 10 8 8 11 8 4 0 0 3 .
      American Indian or Alaska Native 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Asian 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Black or African American 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 .
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 .
      White 9 7 6 10 6 3 0 0 2 .
      More than one race 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 .
    Unknown ethnicity and race 0 2 0 2 2 0 1 2 0 .
  Temporary visa holders 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
  Science and engineering 10 10 9 13 10 4 1 2 3 .
    Science 10 10 9 13 10 4 1 2 3 .
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Biological and biomedical sciences 10 9 6 13 8 3 1 2 0 .
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Computer and information sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Mathematics and statistics 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Physical sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Psychology 0 1 3 0 2 1 0 0 3 .
      Social sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
    Engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Mechanical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Clinical medicine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Other health 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health receiving primary support from federal sources, by field: 2024–15
Field 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All surveyed fields 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 .
  Science and engineering 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 .
    Science 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 .
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Biological and biomedical sciences 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 .
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Computer and information sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Mathematics and statistics 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Physical sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Psychology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Social sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
    Engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Mechanical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
    Health 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Clinical medicine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Other health 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by type and primary source of support: 2024–15
Type and primary source of support 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All types and sources of support 70 40 66 51 56 41 38 29 8 .
  Fellowships 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
    Federal 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
    Institutional 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
    Nonfederal 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
  Research assistantships 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
    Federal 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
    Institutional 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
    Nonfederal 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
  Teaching assistantships 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
    Federal 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
    Institutional 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
    Nonfederal 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
  Other types of support 70 40 66 51 56 41 38 29 8 .
    Federal 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 .
    Institutional 0 3 4 4 5 7 3 4 1 .
    Nonfederal 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 .
    Personal resources 70 37 62 47 51 32 35 25 7 .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Postdoctorates in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2024–15
All races 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  Science and engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
    Science 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Biological and biomedical sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Computer and information sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Mathematics and statistics 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Physical sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Psychology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Social sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
    Engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Mechanical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Clinical medicine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Other health 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Federally supported science, engineering, and health postdoctorates, by field: 2024–15
Field 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All surveyed fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
  Science and engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
    Science 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Biological and biomedical sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Communication 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Computer and information sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Mathematics and statistics 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Natural resources and conservation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Physical sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Psychology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Social sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
    Engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Mechanical engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Other engineering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
    Health 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Clinical medicine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .
      Other health 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Total R&D expenditures, by field: 2024–15
(Dollars in thousands)
Field 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  All R&D fields . . 604 239 465 462 467 596 257 294
    Science . . 604 239 465 462 467 591 257 294
      Computer and information sciences . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 257 294
        Atmospheric science and meteorology . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Geological and earth sciences . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Life sciences . . 520 233 465 462 467 591 0 0
        Agricultural sciences . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Biological and biomedical sciences . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Health sciences . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Natural resources and conservation . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Life sciences nec . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mathematics and statistics . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Physical sciences . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Astronomy and astrophysics . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Chemistry . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Materials science . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Physics . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Physical sciences nec . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Psychology . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Social sciences . . 20 6 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Anthropology . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Economics . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Political science and government . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Sociology, demography, and population studies . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
        Social sciences nec . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Sciences nec . . 64 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Engineering . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Chemical engineering . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Civil engineering . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Mechanical engineering . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Metallurgical and materials engineering . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Engineering nec . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Non-S&E . . 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0
      Business management and business administration . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Communication and communications technologies . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Education . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Humanities . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Law . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Social work . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Visual and performing arts . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
      Non-S&E nec . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Total R&D expenditures, by source of funds and R&D field: 2024
(Dollars in thousands)
Field All R&D expenditures Federal government State and local government Institution funds Business Nonprofit organizations All other sources
  All R&D fields . . . . . 0 0
    Science . . . . . 0 0
      Computer and information sciences . . . . . 0 0
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences . . . . . 0 0
        Atmospheric science and meteorology . . . . . 0 0
        Geological and earth sciences . . . . . 0 0
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences . . . . . 0 0
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec . . . . . 0 0
      Life sciences . . . . . 0 0
        Agricultural sciences . . . . . 0 0
        Biological and biomedical sciences . . . . . 0 0
        Health sciences . . . . . 0 0
        Natural resources and conservation . . . . . 0 0
        Life sciences nec . . . . . 0 0
      Mathematics and statistics . . . . . 0 0
      Physical sciences . . . . . 0 0
        Astronomy and astrophysics . . . . . 0 0
        Chemistry . . . . . 0 0
        Materials science . . . . . 0 0
        Physics . . . . . 0 0
        Physical sciences nec . . . . . 0 0
      Psychology . . . . . 0 0
      Social sciences . . . . . 0 0
        Anthropology . . . . . 0 0
        Economics . . . . . 0 0
        Political science and government . . . . . 0 0
        Sociology, demography, and population studies . . . . . 0 0
        Social sciences nec . . . . . 0 0
      Sciences nec . . . . . 0 0
    Engineering . . . . . 0 0
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering . . . . . 0 0
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering . . . . . 0 0
      Chemical engineering . . . . . 0 0
      Civil engineering . . . . . 0 0
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering . . . . . 0 0
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering . . . . . 0 0
      Mechanical engineering . . . . . 0 0
      Metallurgical and materials engineering . . . . . 0 0
      Engineering nec . . . . . 0 0
    Non-S&E . . . . . 0 0
      Business management and business administration . . . . . 0 0
      Communication and communications technologies . . . . . 0 0
      Education . . . . . 0 0
      Humanities . . . . . 0 0
      Law . . . . . 0 0
      Social work . . . . . 0 0
      Visual and performing arts . . . . . 0 0
      Non-S&E nec . . . . . 0 0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Federally funded R&D expenditures, by federal agency: 2024–15
(Dollars in thousands)
Source of funds 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
Federal Agencies . . . . . . . . . .
  DOD . . . . . . . . . .
  DOE . . . . . . . . . .
  HHS . . . . . . . . . .
  NASA . . . . . . . . . .
  NSF . . . . . . . . . .
  USDA . . . . . . . . . .
  Other . . . . . . . . . .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Headcount of R&D personnel: 2024–18 [temporarily discontinued]
Year
2024 . . . .
2023 . . . .
2022 . . . .
2021 . . . .
2020 . . . .
2019 . . . .
2018 . . . .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

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