U. Wisconsin-Madison

Rankings

Data year Earned doctorates Full-time graduate students Total R&D expenditures Research space
Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked
2024 2 99.8 459 19 97.2 631 5 99.6 925
2023 7 98.7 459 21 97.1 679 6 99.5 911 8 98.8 602
2022 11 97.8 457 24 96.6 680 8 99.2 900
2021 10 98 447 25 96.6 691 8 99.2 908 6 99.2 583
2020 9 98.2 450 19 97.4 698 8 99.2 916
2019 5 99.1 447 22 97 697 8 99.2 914 4 99.5 589
2018 3 99.5 428 17 97.7 700 8 99.2 911
2017 1 100 425 15 98 684 6 99.4 898 10 98.4 575
2016 2 99.8 430 11 98.6 697 6 99.4 896
2015 3 99.5 426 8 99 693 6 99.4 898 8 98.8 570
NOTES:
  • 1. See TableBuilder for the prior year data.
  • 2. Blank white cells indicate data not available, not applicable, or institution not eligible for survey.
  • 3. Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

Data

Number of earned doctorates, by trend major field of study of recipients: 2024–15
Fields 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All fields 831 761 753 664 724 780 770 842 823 836
  Science and engineering 686 585 579 541 553 616 601 632 648 631
    Agricultural sciences and natural resources 47 33 31 34 43 37 31 48 47 46
      Agricultural sciences 36 24 22 27 29 24 19 27 35 33
      Natural resources and conservation 11 9 9 7 14 13 12 21 12 13
    Biological and biomedical sciences 174 143 135 107 115 144 152 146 162 127
      Biochemistry and biophysics 24 24 23 10 20 23 20 22 32 19
      Biology and biomedical sciences, general 9 7 9 4 4 4 5 4 11 3
      Bioinformatics, biostatistics, and computational biology 3 . 2 1 1 5 1 1 2 1
      Cellular and developmental biology, and anatomy 1 1 2 1 8 6 7 8 12 12
      Ecology, evolutionary biology, and epidemiology 18 8 13 13 10 16 11 6 10 9
      Genetics and genomics 8 9 7 11 7 6 7 8 8 5
      Microbiology and immunology 27 18 17 19 20 26 24 17 26 16
      Molecular biology 24 23 15 9 7 3 3 10 7 6
      Neurobiology and neurosciences 14 15 15 9 3 13 17 14 11 20
      Pharmacology and toxicology 5 6 10 4 7 7 7 10 3 3
      Physiology, pathology, and cancer biology 20 12 9 13 13 12 20 24 16 15
      Biology and biomedical sciences, other 21 20 13 13 15 23 30 22 24 18
    Computer and information sciences 30 22 21 14 23 21 20 26 33 23
      Computer science 20 14 14 13 20 20 18 26 33 21
      Computer and information sciences, other 10 8 7 1 3 1 2 . . 2
    Engineering 112 126 127 112 119 134 124 147 122 147
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 1 . . . . . . . . .
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 10 10 15 9 19 11 10 16 23 15
      Chemical and petroleum engineering 14 11 22 19 17 24 15 18 17 27
      Civil, environmental, and transportation engineering 5 14 13 10 8 14 11 19 7 11
      Electrical and computer engineering 27 31 27 24 30 27 31 32 26 40
      Industrial engineering and operations research 10 12 10 14 10 6 9 10 10 8
      Materials and mining engineering 13 13 16 11 15 13 22 15 17 9
      Mechanical engineering 17 27 9 18 13 20 15 26 12 24
      Engineering, other 15 8 15 7 7 19 11 11 10 13
    Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 20 10 14 7 14 10 22 14 17 12
      Geological sciences 6 6 9 4 8 6 9 7 5 6
      Ocean, marine, and atmospheric sciences 14 4 5 3 6 4 13 7 12 6
    Health sciences 53 46 42 36 39 45 39 47 37 43
      Nursing science 5 2 5 3 5 8 4 4 5 4
      Pharmaceutical sciences 13 7 4 11 11 8 8 6 5 4
      Public health 7 5 5 3 4 5 4 4 4 7
      Health sciences, other 28 32 28 19 19 24 23 33 23 28
    Mathematics and statistics 32 31 37 40 35 33 34 29 36 29
      Applied mathematics 2 5 7 7 4 4 5 1 2 3
      Mathematics 9 5 4 5 12 6 11 10 6 12
      Statistics 10 14 17 14 10 9 9 9 11 12
      Mathematics and statistics, other 11 7 9 14 9 14 9 9 17 2
    Physical sciences 107 86 82 88 70 81 81 80 79 100
      Astronomy and astrophysics 13 5 11 7 3 11 6 8 5 7
      Chemistry 70 58 56 51 43 43 54 44 51 55
      Physics 24 23 15 30 24 27 21 28 23 38
    Psychology 31 21 28 24 21 31 29 23 29 18
      Clinical psychology 1 2 3 4 5 4 3 1 1 3
      Counseling and applied psychology 10 8 12 9 5 10 15 3 10 3
      Research and experimental psychology 13 6 7 10 4 9 5 11 11 6
      Psychology, other 7 5 6 1 7 8 6 8 7 6
    Social sciences 80 67 62 79 74 80 69 72 86 86
      Anthropology 4 1 3 3 6 5 3 4 5 4
      Economics 27 30 23 27 18 34 26 27 28 29
      Political science and government 10 6 7 8 8 6 9 9 16 11
      Public policy analysis . 1 . . . . . . 1 1
      Sociology, demography, and population studies 18 12 10 22 17 12 14 15 22 27
      Social sciences, other 21 17 19 19 25 23 17 17 14 14
  Non-science and engineering 145 176 174 123 171 164 169 210 175 205
    Business 5 13 13 11 10 8 4 8 8 12
      Business 5 13 13 11 10 8 4 8 8 12
    Education 64 79 77 48 67 56 54 74 67 67
      Education leadership and administration 8 17 18 4 12 7 6 16 5 16
      Education research 40 50 44 37 43 39 33 43 44 43
      Teacher education and teaching fields 12 10 10 6 10 9 15 14 13 8
      Education, other 4 2 5 1 2 1 . 1 5 .
    Humanities and arts 51 61 66 46 71 85 83 107 80 96
      Letters 13 17 16 12 22 18 18 33 17 31
      Foreign languages and literature 19 16 23 8 20 32 25 27 31 23
      History 9 11 8 12 10 14 22 24 15 20
      Philosophy and religious studies 3 5 4 5 3 9 6 5 5 6
      Music and performing arts . 5 2 4 7 1 4 7 4 7
      Humanities and arts, other 7 7 13 5 9 11 8 11 8 9
    Other non-science and engineering 25 23 18 18 23 15 28 21 20 30
      Communication 21 17 14 10 14 7 22 14 14 25
      Public administration and social services 2 3 3 6 4 5 2 4 3 4
      Non-science and engineering, other 2 3 1 2 5 3 4 3 3 1

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2024–15
All races 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents   3,164   3,192   3,069   3,114   3,035   2,931   3,117   3,116   3,292   3,337
    Hispanic or Latino   350   361   324   318   294   254   267   258   280   262
    Not Hispanic or Latino   2,718   2,739   2,664   2,707   2,658   2,581   2,758   2,759   2,900   2,967
      American Indian or Alaska Native   12   16   14   12   14   13   11   11   10   10
      Asian   320   325   274   260   216   219   207   212   209   208
      Black or African American   95   90   80   81   76   71   81   80   90   99
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander   1   1   1   1   2   0   0   3   2   1
      White   2,129   2,158   2,169   2,231   2,224   2,166   2,338   2,340   2,483   2,548
      More than one race   161   149   126   122   126   112   121   113   106   101
    Unknown ethnicity and race   96   92   81   89   83   96   92   99   112   108
  Temporary visa holders   2,675   2,514   2,222   1,980   1,873   1,905   1,990   1,997   2,011   2,048
  Science and engineering   5,466   5,322   4,890   4,734   4,568   4,466   4,722   4,750   4,914   4,965
    Science   4,198   4,102   3,713   3,593   3,500   3,415   3,612   3,615   3,808   3,785
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   164   169   156   136   128   122   135   138   330   327
      Biological and biomedical sciences   1,162   1,091   1,024   995   949   917   905   915   816   847
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   132   139
      Computer and information sciences   459   493   339   304   249   252   295   306   322   325
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   68   71
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   134   119   119   126   94   77   90   99   120   128
      Mathematics and statistics   303   314   331   285   292   280   319   298   306   275
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   46   19   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Natural resources and conservation   177   173   157   183   169   185   200   175   0   0
      Physical sciences   625   600   584   588   547   546   548   523   526   521
      Psychology   228   240   194   196   222   213   217   234   228   227
      Social sciences   900   884   809   780   850   823   903   927   908   867
    Engineering   1,268   1,220   1,177   1,141   1,068   1,051   1,110   1,135   1,106   1,180
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   108   128   125   119   101   99   104   96   92   85
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   127   115   95   90   104   117   101   117   114   114
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   100   98   106   95   108   87   102   106   107   108
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   322   298   304   284   256   255   267   263   263   283
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   130   122   123   117   93   103   100   117   114   119
      Mechanical engineering   215   234   219   217   194   180   196   186   178   196
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   122   99   94   108   102   106   118   110   94   122
      Other engineering   144   126   111   111   110   104   122   140   144   153
    Health   373   384   401   360   340   370   385   363   389   420
      Clinical medicine   122   112   128   111   119   111   120   113   152   158
      Other health   251   272   273   249   221   259   265   250   237   262

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Part-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2024–15
All races 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents   881   932   881   833   737   779   567   530   461   466
    Hispanic or Latino   72   77   70   55   52   69   36   35   28   30
    Not Hispanic or Latino   780   831   783   758   655   680   503   476   417   426
      American Indian or Alaska Native   5   3   3   3   2   2   0   4   5   2
      Asian   91   82   71   59   67   51   38   32   30   27
      Black or African American   24   26   16   14   12   21   23   16   11   13
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander   3   2   0   0   0   1   3   1   1   1
      White   624   688   662   652   548   578   424   414   361   376
      More than one race   33   30   31   30   26   27   15   9   9   7
    Unknown ethnicity and race   29   24   28   20   30   30   28   19   16   10
  Temporary visa holders   391   356   319   242   231   271   99   95   106   108
  Science and engineering   1,129   1,128   1,104   997   908   985   636   578   528   540
    Science   821   766   693   630   580   615   311   270   258   227
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   9   7   12   11   5   9   8   10   31   31
      Biological and biomedical sciences   130   133   66   64   55   67   28   29   29   45
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   11   7
      Computer and information sciences   252   187   158   129   122   108   46   35   25   29
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   3   4
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   8   9   10   12   15   11   5   4   5   9
      Mathematics and statistics   84   79   84   60   55   67   11   6   10   10
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   2   2   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Natural resources and conservation   22   34   48   40   41   36   15   19   0   0
      Physical sciences   40   31   40   23   30   32   7   11   11   9
      Psychology   125   132   119   103   70   69   47   35   47   43
      Social sciences   149   152   156   188   187   216   144   121   83   39
    Engineering   308   362   411   367   328   370   325   308   270   313
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   3   10   6   3   4   6   2   3   3   7
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   0   0   1   1   1   1   1   3   0   0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   30   25   31   31   25   38   34   37   29   34
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   73   75   83   65   58   76   52   45   43   68
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   43   49   35   14   11   7   19   19   10   17
      Mechanical engineering   37   21   22   20   27   32   23   36   36   30
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   4   9   3   3   5   13   5   3   3   3
      Other engineering   118   173   230   230   197   197   189   162   146   154
    Health   143   160   96   78   60   65   30   47   39   34
      Clinical medicine   20   33   23   32   24   22   21   25   18   20
      Other health   123   127   73   46   36   43   9   22   21   14

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health receiving primary support from federal sources, by field: 2024–15
Field 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All surveyed fields   1,893   1,911   1,828   1,796   1,643   1,547   1,613   1,679   1,714   1,815
  Science and engineering   1,792   1,810   1,711   1,696   1,563   1,444   1,489   1,579   1,579   1,686
    Science   1,266   1,319   1,242   1,234   1,135   1,060   1,050   1,134   1,136   1,241
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   70   77   67   61   41   34   39   55   117   120
      Biological and biomedical sciences   564   574   532   524   484   466   445   470   391   446
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   2   2
      Computer and information sciences   89   92   81   72   78   75   79   87   99   108
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   4   3
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   54   42   59   61   43   30   34   47   67   65
      Mathematics and statistics   26   33   30   30   32   21   27   35   40   48
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Natural resources and conservation   56   47   53   55   58   43   42   48   0   0
      Physical sciences   264   297   289   295   275   249   252   242   230   252
      Psychology   61   64   38   49   46   57   53   63   61   62
      Social sciences   82   93   93   87   78   85   79   87   88   94
    Engineering   526   491   469   462   428   384   439   445   443   445
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   47   48   55   50   39   36   41   40   40   47
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   44   47   58   54   61   52   53   49   58   55
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   37   30   25   24   27   20   32   25   29   35
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   107   106   93   90   86   93   101   96   97   94
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   28   28   31   30   23   22   26   27   22   24
      Mechanical engineering   104   95   85   84   68   45   49   51   48   38
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   68   53   56   60   58   55   65   72   57   68
      Other engineering   91   84   66   70   66   61   72   85   92   84
    Health   101   101   117   100   80   103   124   100   135   129
      Clinical medicine   47   47   59   48   40   36   49   34   70   63
      Other health   54   54   58   52   40   67   75   66   65   66

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by type and primary source of support: 2024–15
Type and primary source of support 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All types and sources of support   5,839   5,706   5,291   5,094   4,908   4,836   5,107   5,113   5,303   5,385
  Fellowships   739   733   725   710   656   671   673   733   721   771
    Federal   356   374   378   373   343   355   363   415   380   404
    Institutional   264   233   233   238   207   193   195   187   266   284
    Nonfederal   119   126   114   99   106   123   115   131   75   83
  Research assistantships   2,498   2,436   2,259   2,203   2,099   1,942   1,945   1,953   1,994   2,079
    Federal   1,482   1,474   1,412   1,384   1,288   1,133   1,186   1,191   1,243   1,307
    Institutional   545   538   487   464   451   395   393   401   356   374
    Nonfederal   471   424   360   355   360   414   366   361   395   398
  Teaching assistantships   974   989   968   931   902   902   1,201   1,167   1,214   1,209
    Federal   4   3   0   0   5   3   0   5   3   4
    Institutional   959   973   950   913   885   891   1,190   1,140   1,174   1,169
    Nonfederal   11   13   18   18   12   8   11   22   37   36
  Other types of support   1,628   1,548   1,339   1,250   1,251   1,321   1,288   1,260   1,374   1,326
    Federal   51   60   38   39   7   56   64   68   88   100
    Institutional   74   83   47   45   6   82   97   96   133   138
    Nonfederal   40   37   40   40   3   53   50   73   94   90
    Personal resources   1,463   1,368   1,214   1,126   1,235   1,130   1,077   1,023   1,059   998

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Postdoctorates in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2024–15
All races 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  Science and engineering   628   581   541   538   531   533   533   561   547   558
    Science   500   451   436   441   438   431   435   460   449   462
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   151   73   53   53   52   27   23   31   46   46
      Biological and biomedical sciences   135   148   178   177   163   169   193   190   189   192
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Computer and information sciences   8   8   6   9   7   5   2   8   7   7
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   4   3
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   12   16   11   12   20   15   12   11   15   8
      Mathematics and statistics   6   8   7   5   3   2   2   6   6   11
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   45   49   35   32   43   69   69   102   74   81
      Natural resources and conservation   40   43   33   34   33   13   20   14   0   0
      Physical sciences   55   72   78   81   76   72   65   68   69   72
      Psychology   12   13   9   8   14   11   10   7   9   9
      Social sciences   36   21   26   30   27   48   39   23   15   15
    Engineering   128   130   105   97   93   102   98   101   98   96
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   4   7   2   2   5   6   10   13   9   7
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   22   26   20   15   14   20   19   15   24   20
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   14   13   6   11   12   13   8   7   6   6
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   18   15   13   10   13   16   19   18   11   8
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   4   2   2   1   2   0   4   3   1   0
      Mechanical engineering   19   17   17   15   11   13   9   14   8   6
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   29   25   20   20   18   18   15   21   31   30
      Other engineering   18   25   25   23   18   16   14   10   8   19
    Health   283   203   187   207   221   217   207   183   198   207
      Clinical medicine   245   163   160   175   187   148   150   136   153   156
      Other health   38   40   27   32   34   69   57   47   45   51

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Federally supported science, engineering, and health postdoctorates, by field: 2024–15
Field 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All surveyed fields   526   563   521   519   500   501   496   493   501   518
  Science and engineering   377   417   392   378   353   349   369   385   373   393
    Science   276   312   312   306   286   275   295   330   308   323
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   48   50   39   37   33   16   14   19   28   28
      Biological and biomedical sciences   89   108   139   133   121   121   139   129   130   139
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Computer and information sciences   4   6   3   5   4   2   2   7   4   5
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   7   7   3   6   11   10   9   9   11   7
      Mathematics and statistics   3   6   6   5   1   2   2   5   5   11
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   35   33   21   21   27   48   48   77   56   57
      Natural resources and conservation   29   34   25   25   21   8   12   12   0   0
      Physical sciences   42   51   59   57   53   46   51   56   50   51
      Psychology   7   10   7   7   9   8   8   6   6   5
      Social sciences   12   7   10   10   6   14   10   10   7   6
    Engineering   101   105   80   72   67   74   74   55   65   70
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   3   7   1   1   3   3   7   4   3   5
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   15   19   17   13   11   16   15   8   14   13
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   10   9   3   7   10   9   8   4   3   4
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   13   14   11   6   9   12   14   5   6   7
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   1   0   0   0   0   0   3   2   1   0
      Mechanical engineering   17   14   11   14   7   9   5   5   4   2
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   25   19   17   14   14   16   12   19   28   27
      Other engineering   17   23   20   17   13   9   10   8   6   12
    Health   149   146   129   141   147   152   127   108   128   125
      Clinical medicine   127   122   111   123   125   99   84   75   101   95
      Other health   22   24   18   18   22   53   43   33   27   30

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Total R&D expenditures, by field: 2024–15
(Dollars in thousands)
Field 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  All R&D fields   1,933,229   1,731,949   1,523,513   1,380,075   1,363,931   1,297,331   1,205,518   1,193,413   1,157,680   1,069,077
    Science   1,613,197   1,444,613   1,279,069   1,163,175   1,138,453   1,082,637   995,392   956,312   903,996   802,809
      Computer and information sciences   38,851   38,571   30,295   23,678   28,241   20,372   22,024   20,155   21,226   22,416
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   81,799   77,933   68,178   65,814   65,000   58,701   50,280   52,105   54,306   50,144
        Atmospheric science and meteorology   47,676   46,930   39,134   39,038   40,482   35,945   27,613   28,265   29,507   28,589
        Geological and earth sciences   20,371   18,251   17,782   17,180   15,574   14,233   13,501   14,809   14,915   8,769
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   4,232
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec   13,752   12,752   11,262   9,596   8,944   8,523   9,166   9,031   9,884   8,554
      Life sciences   1,190,134   1,058,529   952,068   861,558   839,302   814,119   740,883   707,668   654,896   589,652
        Agricultural sciences   178,483   144,969   128,234   114,940   104,300   74,783   75,310   81,313   73,532   55,099
        Biological and biomedical sciences   373,725   347,583   318,077   273,356   277,654   261,715   220,658   194,360   188,386   175,884
        Health sciences   630,620   560,021   500,026   467,332   451,868   472,274   440,649   427,141   388,222   351,361
        Natural resources and conservation   1,549   1,009   1,058   997   935   626   441   387   614   0
        Life sciences nec   5,757   4,947   4,673   4,933   4,545   4,721   3,825   4,467   4,142   7,308
      Mathematics and statistics   12,277   8,838   7,005   6,394   6,675   6,405   5,825   5,983   6,950   6,170
      Physical sciences   116,393   113,636   97,161   87,587   83,687   75,231   73,381   71,282   75,530   73,139
        Astronomy and astrophysics   7,541   6,804   6,382   5,556   5,564   5,765   5,780   5,399   4,903   6,193
        Chemistry   41,894   39,292   36,183   33,896   31,441   26,369   24,620   23,685   25,147   23,673
        Materials science   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Physics   40,518   41,543   33,045   26,135   24,984   27,643   24,980   24,903   26,704   28,531
        Physical sciences nec   26,440   25,997   21,551   22,000   21,698   15,454   18,001   17,295   18,776   14,742
      Psychology   12,687   13,198   10,208   10,944   12,090   12,498   10,555   9,902   9,103   6,352
      Social sciences   89,008   75,982   65,924   63,043   59,239   48,019   47,110   43,324   41,370   45,158
        Anthropology   1,510   1,287   1,513   682   1,022   1,178   1,072   1,121   653   0
        Economics   13,359   9,665   9,483   8,813   8,756   3,791   3,102   2,181   2,038   7,961
        Political science and government   8,602   7,602   8,183   8,695   6,515   5,719   5,317   4,631   4,239   4,089
        Sociology, demography, and population studies   7,074   8,975   7,258   6,042   6,535   7,402   7,461   7,925   9,160   10,980
        Social sciences nec   58,463   48,453   39,487   38,811   36,411   29,929   30,158   27,466   25,280   22,128
      Sciences nec   72,048   57,926   48,230   44,157   44,219   47,292   45,334   45,893   40,615   9,778
    Engineering   194,988   171,445   148,673   131,709   133,600   126,587   118,576   148,949   147,315   135,557
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering   16,613   16,300   16,734   16,836   15,701   14,141   12,099   30,306   36,360   29,677
      Chemical engineering   22,164   18,535   15,061   10,886   12,549   11,045   11,199   13,533   12,609   10,821
      Civil engineering   19,229   16,818   14,220   13,124   13,952   11,430   12,401   16,092   16,003   16,691
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering   22,882   24,312   20,315   15,878   16,300   17,001   15,368   14,579   13,904   11,611
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering   8,248   6,560   5,387   4,997   4,798   4,678   4,879   4,788   4,817   0
      Mechanical engineering   30,471   23,196   16,882   12,365   12,790   10,510   8,423   8,090   7,963   7,607
      Metallurgical and materials engineering   18,763   13,459   13,129   12,706   11,362   10,701   10,767   13,316   11,036   9,471
      Engineering nec   56,618   52,265   46,945   44,917   46,148   47,081   43,440   48,245   44,623   49,679
    Non-S&E   125,044   115,891   95,771   85,191   91,878   88,107   91,550   88,152   106,369   130,711
      Business management and business administration   15,501   13,381   12,255   11,664   11,647   11,470   14,871   15,549   14,888   62,325
      Communication and communications technologies   11,672   8,154   6,059   5,267   4,152   4,135   3,352   3,293   2,888   3,508
      Education   37,684   39,358   30,239   28,245   29,494   25,084   30,441   31,325   30,779   38,323
      Humanities   19,739   19,710   17,166   14,791   14,630   14,555   12,229   11,746   11,006   14,278
      Law   7,777   6,555   3,958   3,389   3,865   3,258   2,266   3,182   1,995   1,742
      Social work   1,171   951   1,314   745   815   1,895   296   442   1,233   1,223
      Visual and performing arts   3,479   3,153   2,423   2,087   2,099   1,938   1,940   1,950   1,939   1,305
      Non-S&E nec   28,021   24,629   22,357   19,003   25,176   25,772   26,155   20,665   41,641   8,007

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Total R&D expenditures, by source of funds and R&D field: 2024
(Dollars in thousands)
Field All R&D expenditures Federal government State and local government Institution funds Business Nonprofit organizations All other sources
  All R&D fields   1,933,229   930,647   148,556   598,710   46,036   158,015   51,265
    Science   1,613,197   795,147   124,403   493,445   41,121   122,169   36,912
      Computer and information sciences   38,851   22,827   1,617   7,611   1,348   4,031   1,417
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   81,799   47,056   8,144   21,630   159   3,715   1,095
        Atmospheric science and meteorology   47,676   33,094   2,994   10,809   92   618   69
        Geological and earth sciences   20,371   7,852   4,029   6,598   0   1,712   180
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec   13,752   6,110   1,121   4,223   67   1,385   846
      Life sciences   1,190,134   554,664   95,637   395,450   35,223   81,521   27,639
        Agricultural sciences   178,483   64,530   25,445   63,434   2,420   19,222   3,432
        Biological and biomedical sciences   373,725   222,055   28,701   81,552   8,371   28,107   4,939
        Health sciences   630,620   267,839   37,970   247,048   24,432   34,064   19,267
        Natural resources and conservation   1,549   203   504   714   0   128   0
        Life sciences nec   5,757   37   3,017   2,702   0   0   1
      Mathematics and statistics   12,277   6,587   449   2,799   75   2,212   155
      Physical sciences   116,393   76,564   4,212   21,168   2,582   9,382   2,485
        Astronomy and astrophysics   7,541   3,601   471   1,747   0   1,434   288
        Chemistry   41,894   24,597   2,012   8,462   1,720   4,102   1,001
        Materials science   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Physics   40,518   28,239   1,138   7,272   862   2,931   76
        Physical sciences nec   26,440   20,127   591   3,687   0   915   1,120
      Psychology   12,687   4,861   986   3,341   0   3,384   115
      Social sciences   89,008   38,201   8,414   27,626   450   12,619   1,698
        Anthropology   1,510   47   286   491   0   597   89
        Economics   13,359   1,907   2,394   6,619   0   2,399   40
        Political science and government   8,602   1,724   905   3,461   199   1,953   360
        Sociology, demography, and population studies   7,074   1,201   771   2,595   19   2,228   260
        Social sciences nec   58,463   33,322   4,058   14,460   232   5,442   949
      Sciences nec   72,048   44,387   4,944   13,820   1,284   5,305   2,308
    Engineering   194,988   108,643   11,173   48,134   4,765   14,860   7,413
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering   16,613   6,342   2,544   4,977   429   1,670   651
      Chemical engineering   22,164   11,935   223   5,977   148   2,887   994
      Civil engineering   19,229   10,610   2,321   4,393   211   1,366   328
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering   22,882   11,602   546   6,869   988   2,398   479
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering   8,248   4,879   143   1,428   969   776   53
      Mechanical engineering   30,471   20,632   451   4,530   1,142   1,973   1,743
      Metallurgical and materials engineering   18,763   11,379   224   4,544   19   2,527   70
      Engineering nec   56,618   31,264   4,721   15,416   859   1,263   3,095
    Non-S&E   125,044   26,857   12,980   57,131   150   20,986   6,940
      Business management and business administration   15,501   82   132   8,828   0   2,392   4,067
      Communication and communications technologies   11,672   3,886   1,619   3,623   0   2,246   298
      Education   37,684   20,354   1,400   11,704   140   3,935   151
      Humanities   19,739   1,194   3,365   9,255   0   5,492   433
      Law   7,777   44   721   4,271   0   1,283   1,458
      Social work   1,171   132   133   540   0   330   36
      Visual and performing arts   3,479   0   427   1,529   0   1,392   131
      Non-S&E nec   28,021   1,165   5,183   17,381   10   3,916   366

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Federally funded R&D expenditures, by federal agency: 2024–15
(Dollars in thousands)
Source of funds 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
Federal Agencies   930,647   816,814   740,854   646,764   632,558   608,925   574,048   570,796   567,132   533,286
  DOD   57,946   44,782   42,075   33,479   37,336   36,636   32,200   26,672   26,141   24,840
  DOE   94,406   90,201   78,676   75,231   69,108   71,131   61,302   60,766   65,226   60,023
  HHS   530,600   465,199   423,835   374,530   364,173   347,705   318,421   314,827   298,817   273,732
  NASA   17,079   16,235   13,728   11,307   13,109   11,862   12,428   12,527   12,000   12,688
  NSF   129,052   113,712   109,834   90,800   89,371   80,297   84,920   84,367   89,389   89,464
  USDA   46,018   36,525   30,025   26,285   22,764   22,377   23,693   27,370   28,778   25,228
  Other   55,546   50,160   42,681   35,132   36,697   38,917   41,084   44,267   46,781   47,311

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Headcount of R&D personnel: 2024–18 [temporarily discontinued]
Year
2024   .   .   .   .
2023   .   .   .   .
2022   .   .   .   .
2021   .   .   .   .
2020   .   .   .   .
2019   17,123   2,980   14,143   .
2018   17,391   2,931   14,460   .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field: 2023–14
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space 2023 2021 2019 2017 2015
  All research space   3,261   3,293   3,132   2,825   2,925
    Agricultural sciences   413   449   315   265   336
    Biological and biomedical sciences   903   885   851   726   706
    Computer and information sciences   31   32   24   24   24
    Engineering   451   444   434   428   433
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   108   129   129   126   131
    Health sciences   645   618   715   408   513
    Mathematics and statistics   8   8   8   8   8
    Natural resources and conservation   35   41   45   116   74
    Physical sciences   340   383   312   312   307
    Psychology   150   153   154   271   302
    Social sciences   114   111   104   100   55
    Other   63   42   41   41   37

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

New construction of science and engineering research space, by field and time of construction: 2025–16
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space   34,000   49,875   56,250   56,843   15,342
    Agricultural sciences   0   0   56,250   34,145   13,342
    Biological and biomedical sciences   0   7,875   0   11,205   0
    Computer and information sciences   0   42,000   0   0   0
    Engineering   0   0   0   0   2,000
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Health sciences   0   0   0   11,493   0
    Mathematics and statistics   0   0   0   0   0
    Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   0   0
    Physical sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Psychology   0   0   0   0   0
    Social sciences   34,000   0   0   0   0
    Other   0   0   0   0   0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

Costs for repair and renovation of science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field and time of repair and renovation: 2025–16
(Dollars in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space   14,860   37,062   19,773   4,314   1,566
    Agricultural sciences   0   0   4,130   0   0
    Biological and biomedical sciences   3,147   7,552   6,086   2,700   0
    Computer and information sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Engineering   3,636   23,034   857   0   756
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   0   0   1,575   0   0
    Health sciences   3,332   0   5,280   1,614   0
    Mathematics and statistics   0   0   0   0   0
    Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   0   0
    Physical sciences   2,870   6,476   1,845   0   810
    Psychology   0   0   0   0   0
    Social sciences   1,875   0   0   0   0
    Other   0   0   0   0   0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

Open printer friendly view

Back to Top of page.