Virginia Commonwealth U.

Rankings

Data year Earned doctorates Full-time graduate students Total R&D expenditures Research space
Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked Rank Percentile Institutions ranked
2024 100 78.6 459 142 77.8 631 68 92.8 925
2023 106 77.3 459 144 79.1 679 73 92.2 911 99 83.9 602
2022 108 76.8 457 142 79.4 680 72 92.2 900
2021 99 78.2 447 136 80.6 691 76 91.8 908 104 82.5 583
2020 97 78.8 450 135 81 698 87 90.7 916
2019 107 76.5 447 124 82.5 697 96 89.7 914 101 83.2 589
2018 97 77.7 428 123 82.7 700 95 89.8 911
2017 105 75.7 425 127 81.7 684 97 89.4 898 103 82.4 575
2016 106 75.8 430 137 80.7 697 98 89.3 896
2015 117 73 426 132 81.3 693 97 89.4 898 103 82.2 570
NOTES:
  • 1. See TableBuilder for the prior year data.
  • 2. Blank white cells indicate data not available, not applicable, or institution not eligible for survey.
  • 3. Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

Data

Number of earned doctorates, by trend major field of study of recipients: 2024–15
Fields 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All fields 196 175 170 186 196 178 194 182 174 151
  Science and engineering 154 138 130 150 158 136 159 136 140 110
    Biological and biomedical sciences 32 38 28 40 49 40 43 46 48 27
      Biochemistry and biophysics 1 3 2 3 5 5 1 1 2 4
      Biology and biomedical sciences, general 2 3 4 1 1 . . 1 1 .
      Bioinformatics, biostatistics, and computational biology 5 4 2 7 7 8 2 9 6 1
      Cellular and developmental biology, and anatomy . . . 1 2 1 . . 2 1
      Ecology, evolutionary biology, and epidemiology 4 3 3 2 3 1 6 2 5 3
      Genetics and genomics 2 3 . 2 6 3 5 9 5 2
      Microbiology and immunology 5 5 7 7 6 4 7 6 7 5
      Molecular biology 1 . . 2 2 1 2 3 3 2
      Neurobiology and neurosciences 2 5 3 4 3 6 7 4 4 2
      Pharmacology and toxicology 7 8 4 2 8 7 7 6 5 1
      Physiology, pathology, and cancer biology 2 3 3 8 5 3 4 3 7 6
      Biology and biomedical sciences, other 1 1 . 1 1 1 2 2 1 .
    Computer and information sciences 4 8 12 6 3 9 2 2 6 1
      Computer science 4 6 8 5 3 8 2 1 5 .
      Computer and information sciences, other . 2 4 1 . 1 . 1 1 1
    Engineering 25 23 22 19 29 18 26 26 18 20
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 6 9 6 1 9 2 4 5 3 4
      Chemical and petroleum engineering 4 2 2 4 3 1 6 2 3 1
      Civil, environmental, and transportation engineering . . . . . . . . 1 .
      Electrical and computer engineering 5 1 3 2 5 6 6 9 3 3
      Industrial engineering and operations research . . . . . . 1 . . .
      Materials and mining engineering . 1 2 1 1 3 . 1 2 .
      Mechanical engineering 4 6 3 5 7 4 4 5 3 8
      Engineering, other 6 4 6 6 4 2 5 4 3 4
    Health sciences 23 25 26 27 28 26 31 24 22 23
      Nursing science 5 4 6 4 7 3 4 2 1 1
      Pharmaceutical sciences 6 5 7 7 4 8 9 11 6 6
      Public health 2 1 7 8 6 4 5 5 6 3
      Health sciences, other 10 15 6 8 11 11 13 6 9 13
    Mathematics and statistics 11 2 7 8 2 4 4 1 2 4
      Applied mathematics 3 1 . 2 . 1 . . 1 .
      Statistics 2 1 4 4 1 . . 1 1 3
      Mathematics and statistics, other 6 . 3 2 1 3 4 . . 1
    Physical sciences 29 15 10 17 23 18 20 14 18 14
      Chemistry 27 14 9 17 22 17 16 14 16 12
      Physics 2 1 1 . 1 1 4 . 2 2
    Psychology 24 21 18 27 19 13 20 17 23 12
      Clinical psychology 4 4 5 10 7 6 6 7 12 5
      Counseling and applied psychology 8 10 8 5 8 4 7 7 2 3
      Research and experimental psychology 10 7 5 10 3 3 2 3 4 3
      Psychology, other 2 . . 2 1 . 5 . 5 1
    Social sciences 6 6 7 6 5 8 13 6 3 9
      Economics . . . . . . . 1 . .
      Political science and government . . . . . . . . 1 1
      Public policy analysis 4 4 6 5 3 6 8 4 2 5
      Social sciences, other 2 2 1 1 2 2 5 1 . 3
  Non-science and engineering 42 37 40 36 38 42 35 46 34 41
    Business 7 2 4 1 3 5 4 3 3 10
      Business 7 2 4 1 3 5 4 3 3 10
    Education 25 29 24 22 30 24 23 20 14 9
      Education leadership and administration 4 4 4 7 6 4 3 4 3 4
      Education research 13 19 15 12 18 10 17 13 8 4
      Teacher education and teaching fields 2 2 1 2 2 6 . 1 2 .
      Education, other 6 4 4 1 4 4 3 2 1 1
    Humanities and arts 3 2 4 2 2 4 2 9 9 8
      Letters . . 2 . . 2 1 . 1 2
      History . . . . . . . 1 . .
      Philosophy and religious studies . . . . . . . . 1 .
      Music and performing arts . . . . . 1 . . . .
      Humanities and arts, other 3 2 2 2 2 1 1 8 7 6
    Other non-science and engineering 7 4 8 11 3 9 6 14 8 14
      Communication 2 3 2 2 1 . . 3 1 3
      Public administration and social services 5 1 5 8 2 8 4 6 7 11
      Non-science and engineering, other . . 1 1 . 1 2 5 . .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2024–15
All races 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents   1,170   1,147   1,154   884   836   901   902   783   773   819
    Hispanic or Latino   77   72   66   62   45   45   37   24   25   33
    Not Hispanic or Latino   675   737   794   781   766   831   804   735   723   758
      American Indian or Alaska Native   0   0   1   0   1   1   1   1   3   5
      Asian   81   94   95   84   88   90   86   81   71   72
      Black or African American   87   95   115   117   100   102   97   80   78   78
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander   0   0   0   0   1   1   1   0   1   0
      White   465   506   542   540   547   607   619   545   540   572
      More than one race   42   42   41   40   29   30   0   28   30   31
    Unknown ethnicity and race   418   338   294   41   25   25   61   24   25   28
  Temporary visa holders   0   0   0   228   244   258   241   266   299   343
  Science and engineering   833   792   795   784   822   866   904   846   921   1,000
    Science   665   626   620   612   611   658   697   690   776   803
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological and biomedical sciences   250   253   258   272   268   274   302   299   240   304
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   15   17
      Computer and information sciences   139   69   52   39   31   31   29   44   68   79
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   7   4
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   25   27
      Mathematics and statistics   30   36   31   31   34   43   50   46   43   41
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   33   36   45   41   40   44   39   37   48   47
      Natural resources and conservation   14   12   9   18   17   17   17   15   0   0
      Physical sciences   68   70   72   67   67   83   94   95   92   86
      Psychology   95   107   108   94   110   114   115   103   108   90
      Social sciences   36   43   45   50   44   52   51   51   105   80
    Engineering   168   166   175   172   211   208   207   156   145   197
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   47   47   58   49   50   45   42   0   0   38
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Mechanical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Other engineering   121   119   117   123   161   163   165   156   145   159
    Health   337   355   359   328   258   293   239   203   151   162
      Clinical medicine   44   64   60   53   44   44   39   34   25   33
      Other health   293   291   299   275   214   249   200   169   126   129

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Part-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2024–15
All races 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents   393   342   342   332   273   312   283   323   312   322
    Hispanic or Latino   25   24   25   17   14   15   12   10   17   9
    Not Hispanic or Latino   324   280   271   298   243   279   246   306   293   305
      American Indian or Alaska Native   0   1   0   0   0   0   2   2   2   1
      Asian   44   41   35   35   20   27   22   19   20   27
      Black or African American   59   51   47   49   27   32   27   35   38   36
      Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   1
      White   204   172   182   208   188   211   195   243   225   234
      More than one race   17   15   7   6   8   9   0   7   8   6
    Unknown ethnicity and race   44   38   46   17   16   18   25   7   2   8
  Temporary visa holders   0   0   0   28   20   23   26   22   29   38
  Science and engineering   332   267   282   291   227   258   229   249   267   297
    Science   211   202   182   196   160   185   163   178   238   250
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological and biomedical sciences   51   38   39   43   39   51   35   36   23   38
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   2
      Computer and information sciences   46   47   42   38   28   28   31   30   22   35
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   20   20
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   9   9
      Mathematics and statistics   16   18   19   20   20   20   20   20   14   14
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   5   6   5   7   1   3   2   2   3   7
      Natural resources and conservation   6   5   5   5   11   11   7   11   0   0
      Physical sciences   19   18   19   23   7   16   11   8   11   14
      Psychology   44   42   26   42   34   21   15   25   17   31
      Social sciences   24   28   27   18   20   35   42   46   119   78
    Engineering   121   65   100   95   67   73   66   71   29   47
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   10   11   12   12   7   13   7   0   0   14
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Mechanical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Other engineering   111   54   88   83   60   60   59   71   29   33
    Health   61   75   60   69   66   77   80   96   74   63
      Clinical medicine   17   13   11   13   8   9   13   12   11   16
      Other health   44   62   49   56   58   68   67   84   63   47

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health receiving primary support from federal sources, by field: 2024–15
Field 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All surveyed fields   151   144   219   357   261   166   185   172   102   162
  Science and engineering   134   132   191   192   188   160   167   157   100   161
    Science   93   77   132   109   96   84   112   115   77   135
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological and biomedical sciences   57   32   72   66   46   50   60   88   31   75
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Computer and information sciences   8   6   9   12   1   1   0   1   1   3
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   1
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   1   2
      Mathematics and statistics   0   1   1   3   0   2   2   0   0   1
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   1   6   10   9   5   4   1   2   7   3
      Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   2   0   5   2   0   0   0
      Physical sciences   8   11   11   2   9   6   11   7   9   11
      Psychology   19   21   29   15   32   13   32   14   15   31
      Social sciences   0   0   0   0   3   3   4   3   9   3
    Engineering   41   55   59   83   92   76   55   42   23   26
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   11   14   12   20   18   21   11   0   0   7
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Mechanical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Other engineering   30   41   47   63   74   55   44   42   23   19
    Health   17   12   28   165   73   6   18   15   2   1
      Clinical medicine   0   4   4   2   1   1   0   0   1   1
      Other health   17   8   24   163   72   5   18   15   1   0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Full-time graduate students in science, engineering, and health, by type and primary source of support: 2024–15
Type and primary source of support 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All types and sources of support   1,170   1,147   1,154   1,112   1,080   1,159   1,143   1,049   1,072   1,162
  Fellowships   51   26   16   14   32   20   24   42   0   30
    Federal   36   19   13   14   31   18   15   34   0   9
    Institutional   6   7   3   0   0   1   8   7   0   16
    Nonfederal   9   0   0   0   1   1   1   1   0   5
  Research assistantships   270   297   165   256   221   231   136   298   78   286
    Federal   109   118   137   188   154   142   97   120   49   141
    Institutional   146   166   26   65   59   68   28   166   29   126
    Nonfederal   15   13   2   3   8   21   11   12   0   19
  Teaching assistantships   141   191   139   138   113   183   159   160   63   140
    Federal   0   1   0   0   1   0   2   1   6   0
    Institutional   141   190   135   138   111   183   157   159   57   140
    Nonfederal   0   0   4   0   1   0   0   0   0   0
  Other types of support   708   633   834   704   714   725   824   549   931   706
    Federal   6   6   69   155   75   6   71   17   47   12
    Institutional   79   178   296   289   360   361   429   139   404   322
    Nonfederal   4   18   32   23   30   40   39   25   0   46
    Personal resources   619   431   437   237   249   318   285   368   480   326

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Postdoctorates in science, engineering, and health, by selected characteristics: 2024–15
All races 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  Science and engineering   108   93   101   117   121   122   135   111   94   127
    Science   87   82   83   95   94   87   97   80   77   108
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological and biomedical sciences   60   55   56   62   73   73   81   63   57   85
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Computer and information sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Mathematics and statistics   2   1   1   1   1   2   2   0   0   0
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   13   14   14   13   7   1   2   3   2   3
      Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Physical sciences   8   7   7   13   11   8   5   8   8   9
      Psychology   4   4   4   6   2   3   7   6   6   3
      Social sciences   0   1   1   0   0   0   0   0   0   4
    Engineering   21   11   18   22   27   35   38   31   17   19
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   3   3   4   5   6   5   5   3   1   3
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   4   2   6   6   7   13   20   18   9   9
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   5   2   1   2   3   3   3   2   1   1
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Mechanical engineering   5   2   6   8   9   0   0   0   0   0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Other engineering   4   2   1   1   2   14   10   8   6   6
    Health   77   77   73   84   84   79   69   66   65   67
      Clinical medicine   44   38   33   42   37   33   27   32   38   42
      Other health   33   39   40   42   47   46   42   34   27   25

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Federally supported science, engineering, and health postdoctorates, by field: 2024–15
Field 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
All surveyed fields   138   117   114   123   113   103   132   112   110   130
  Science and engineering   84   64   71   73   70   70   96   78   71   93
    Science   68   54   57   58   55   46   67   63   65   85
      Agricultural and veterinary sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological and biomedical sciences   49   37   39   37   41   37   53   48   46   65
      Communication   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Computer and information sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Family and consumer sciences and human sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Mathematics and statistics   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary sciences   7   7   9   7   4   1   2   3   1   2
      Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Physical sciences   8   5   5   9   8   5   5   6   8   8
      Psychology   4   4   3   5   2   3   7   6   6   3
      Social sciences   0   1   1   0   0   0   0   0   0   4
    Engineering   16   10   14   15   15   24   29   15   6   8
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Biological, biomedical, and biosystems engineering   3   3   4   5   6   5   5   3   1   3
      Chemical, petroleum, and chemical-related engineering   4   2   4   5   5   8   15   7   2   2
      Civil, environmental, transportation and related engineering fields   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Electrical, electronics, communications and computer engineering   3   1   1   1   1   1   2   0   0   0
      Industrial, manufacturing, systems engineering and operations research   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Mechanical engineering   4   2   4   3   2   0   0   0   0   0
      Metallurgical, mining, materials and related engineering fields   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Other engineering   2   2   1   1   1   10   7   5   3   3
    Health   54   53   43   50   43   33   36   34   39   37
      Clinical medicine   35   30   22   26   19   13   16   18   24   22
      Other health   19   23   21   24   24   20   20   16   15   15

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Fields of study are grouped as they appear in survey data table (https://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/#tabs-2).

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering

Total R&D expenditures, by field: 2024–15
(Dollars in thousands)
Field 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
  All R&D fields   524,295   465,976   411,729   364,096   283,874   255,648   246,190   235,464   225,999   218,925
    Science   380,574   352,883   299,082   259,620   225,778   204,810   202,495   187,681   185,899   184,028
      Computer and information sciences   5,397   5,371   7,054   6,270   2,138   1,286   1,331   893   601   382
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   315   181   269   278   354   871   1,196   1,220   1,115   1,027
        Atmospheric science and meteorology   0   0   105   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Geological and earth sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec   315   181   164   278   354   871   1,196   1,220   1,115   1,027
      Life sciences   349,758   321,581   272,134   233,486   206,550   185,744   181,220   167,275   167,768   164,136
        Agricultural sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Biological and biomedical sciences   82,036   80,445   72,528   72,971   53,656   50,240   46,022   46,806   49,583   48,445
        Health sciences   242,318   216,047   177,716   140,319   137,007   121,490   124,616   110,178   106,156   93,688
        Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Life sciences nec   25,404   25,089   21,890   20,196   15,887   14,014   10,582   10,291   12,029   22,003
      Mathematics and statistics   918   847   930   698   793   890   1,085   1,048   1,208   1,425
      Physical sciences   5,347   5,371   3,280   3,396   3,499   3,469   3,607   2,873   3,049   6,350
        Astronomy and astrophysics   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Chemistry   4,208   3,662   1,733   2,017   2,250   2,383   2,287   1,945   1,668   4,982
        Materials science   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Physics   1,139   1,709   1,547   1,379   1,249   1,086   1,320   928   1,381   1,368
        Physical sciences nec   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Psychology   11,318   12,171   10,801   10,533   10,743   11,299   11,581   11,843   9,434   8,799
      Social sciences   7,521   7,361   4,614   4,959   1,701   1,251   2,475   2,529   2,724   1,909
        Anthropology   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Economics   1,111   561   283   50   7   18   44   84   124   122
        Political science and government   6,410   6,800   4,331   4,898   1,543   1,099   2,280   2,254   2,515   1,698
        Sociology, demography, and population studies   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Social sciences nec   0   0   0   11   151   134   151   191   85   89
      Sciences nec   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
    Engineering   35,917   29,890   30,518   32,233   29,811   26,072   20,262   23,146   16,251   12,384
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering   5,219   5,819   6,117   6,629   5,114   3,733   3,492   3,514   2,074   1,276
      Chemical engineering   5,216   4,820   4,203   5,576   13,136   15,130   8,998   13,301   7,897   5,645
      Civil engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering   10,957   5,933   8,914   7,133   1,947   1,919   1,722   1,853   1,581   1,329
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Mechanical engineering   8,436   6,664   7,000   6,655   4,327   3,590   4,089   4,281   0   2,806
      Metallurgical and materials engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Engineering nec   6,089   6,654   4,284   6,240   5,287   1,700   1,961   197   4,699   1,328
    Non-S&E   107,804   83,203   82,129   72,243   28,285   24,766   23,433   24,637   23,849   22,513
      Business management and business administration   7,990   7,561   7,404   0   0   75   95   81   195   183
      Communication and communications technologies   28   64   57   17   18   11   2   27   30   88
      Education   30,306   27,381   27,416   23,357   22,720   20,002   18,745   20,516   17,539   16,712
      Humanities   18,161   14,868   16,501   18,381   1,290   2,139   1,328   168   1,672   1,199
      Law   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Social work   3,140   2,682   1,643   1,596   1,454   1,320   924   875   1,141   1,178
      Visual and performing arts   13,759   13,595   11,473   11,962   462   182   234   652   1,268   746
      Non-S&E nec   34,420   17,052   17,635   16,930   2,341   1,037   2,105   2,318   2,004   2,407

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Total R&D expenditures, by source of funds and R&D field: 2024
(Dollars in thousands)
Field All R&D expenditures Federal government State and local government Institution funds Business Nonprofit organizations All other sources
  All R&D fields   524,295   208,743   47,241   192,462   22,757   21,202   31,890
    Science   380,574   169,823   33,740   116,866   21,188   16,516   22,441
      Computer and information sciences   5,397   1,920   56   2,805   13   588   15
      Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   315   84   161   53   0   10   7
        Atmospheric science and meteorology   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Geological and earth sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Ocean sciences and marine sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences nec   315   84   161   53   0   10   7
      Life sciences   349,758   154,766   31,048   105,493   21,019   15,344   22,088
        Agricultural sciences   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Biological and biomedical sciences   82,036   50,698   1,814   19,868   1,404   6,849   1,403
        Health sciences   242,318   91,064   28,384   76,120   19,336   7,615   19,799
        Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Life sciences nec   25,404   13,004   850   9,505   279   880   886
      Mathematics and statistics   918   643   32   182   0   54   7
      Physical sciences   5,347   3,999   127   823   108   290   0
        Astronomy and astrophysics   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Chemistry   4,208   3,154   67   589   108   290   0
        Materials science   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Physics   1,139   845   60   234   0   0   0
        Physical sciences nec   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Psychology   11,318   7,524   1,922   1,769   40   63   0
      Social sciences   7,521   887   394   5,741   8   167   324
        Anthropology   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Economics   1,111   230   0   615   0   35   231
        Political science and government   6,410   657   394   5,126   8   132   93
        Sociology, demography, and population studies   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
        Social sciences nec   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Sciences nec   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
    Engineering   35,917   13,703   2,743   13,864   832   3,981   794
      Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Bioengineering and biomedical engineering   5,219   2,615   408   1,797   367   31   1
      Chemical engineering   5,216   2,778   119   2,105   117   97   0
      Civil engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Electrical, electronic, and communications engineering   10,957   4,188   270   3,278   0   3,221   0
      Industrial and manufacturing engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Mechanical engineering   8,436   4,122   43   3,291   348   632   0
      Metallurgical and materials engineering   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Engineering nec   6,089   0   1,903   3,393   0   0   793
    Non-S&E   107,804   25,217   10,758   61,732   737   705   8,655
      Business management and business administration   7,990   0   0   7,971   0   0   19
      Communication and communications technologies   28   8   0   20   0   0   0
      Education   30,306   22,849   1,817   4,731   727   182   0
      Humanities   18,161   155   482   17,333   5   181   5
      Law   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
      Social work   3,140   433   1,622   1,020   0   42   23
      Visual and performing arts   13,759   47   4,974   8,451   5   218   64
      Non-S&E nec   34,420   1,725   1,863   22,206   0   82   8,544

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Prior to FY 2016, expenditures for natural resources and conservation, materials science, anthropology, and industrial and manufacturing engineering were not collected separately. R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences decreased in FY 2016 because a number of disciplines previously reported in that field are now reported separately under natural resources and conservation.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Federally funded R&D expenditures, by federal agency: 2024–15
(Dollars in thousands)
Source of funds 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
Federal Agencies   208,743   184,852   169,450   160,995   152,751   142,293   140,363   147,585   143,701   142,447
  DOD   16,085   11,522   11,785   10,229   13,929   11,570   13,789   12,036   12,501   11,419
  DOE   2,292   1,708   1,991   2,032   2,231   2,312   2,433   2,264   1,415   1,605
  HHS   152,293   138,334   128,069   125,394   114,538   108,040   98,635   105,039   105,964   103,947
  NASA   1,001   885   840   720   545   416   315   390   238   297
  NSF   7,604   6,997   7,331   7,003   7,586   5,709   5,738   5,592   5,490   5,518
  USDA   1,140   1,064   1,377   554   86   58   129   235   420   475
  Other   28,328   24,342   18,057   15,063   13,836   14,188   19,324   22,029   17,673   19,186

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Headcount of R&D personnel: 2024–18 [temporarily discontinued]
Year
2024   .   .   .   .
2023   .   .   .   .
2022   .   .   .   .
2021   .   .   .   .
2020   .   .   .   .
2019   3,206   654   2,552   .
2018   3,285   628   2,657   .

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education R&D Survey

Science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field: 2023–14
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space 2023 2021 2019 2017 2015
  All research space   2,454   2,395   2,311   2,339   2,379
    Agricultural sciences   303   328   308   334   341
    Biological and biomedical sciences   546   561   512   525   518
    Computer and information sciences   34   24   17   17   14
    Engineering   299   229   207   193   184
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   210   183   194   198   184
    Health sciences   459   439   444   448   484
    Mathematics and statistics   16   3   3   2   2
    Natural resources and conservation   56   53   43   49   75
    Physical sciences   397   421   433   428   430
    Psychology   23   42   36   34   37
    Social sciences   48   42   41   33   37
    Other   62   70   72   78   73

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

New construction of science and engineering research space, by field and time of construction: 2025–16
(Net assignable square feet in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space   150,000   68,003   73,655   95,747   0
    Agricultural sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Biological and biomedical sciences   0   2,185   0   0   0
    Computer and information sciences   0   508   0   0   0
    Engineering   0   0   7,564   79,347   0
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Health sciences   150,000   9,272   29,734   16,400   0
    Mathematics and statistics   0   0   0   0   0
    Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   0   0
    Physical sciences   0   50,529   36,357   0   0
    Psychology   0   0   0   0   0
    Social sciences   0   0   0   0   0
    Other   0   5,509   0   0   0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

Costs for repair and renovation of science and engineering research space in academic institutions, by field and time of repair and renovation: 2025–16
(Dollars in thousands)
Field, medical school space, and research animal space Planned to start in FY 2024 or FY 2025 Started in FY 2022 or FY 2023 Started in FY 2020 or FY 2021 Started in FY 2018 or FY 2019 Started in FY 2016 or FY 2017
  All research space   143,160   18,934   23,859   30,697   21,000
    Agricultural sciences   96,455   0   3,619   316   620
    Biological and biomedical sciences   290   2,582   0   2,972   2,364
    Computer and information sciences   0   2,270   0   1,503   0
    Engineering   18,730   1,596   566   0   0
    Geosciences, atmospheric sciences, and ocean sciences   328   2,669   786   0   814
    Health sciences   24,300   4,095   1,017   25,198   15,400
    Mathematics and statistics   0   450   0   0   0
    Natural resources and conservation   0   0   0   0   500
    Physical sciences   0   3,095   17,253   329   1,302
    Psychology   0   0   0   0   0
    Social sciences   0   0   617   379   0
    Other   3,058   2,177   0   0   0

NOTE:
  • . = data were not collected at this level or institution was not eligible to participate for this survey year.
  • Data from the Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities is collected every two years.

SOURCE: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Science and Engineering Research Facilities

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